RESUMO
METHODS: We compared personality traits of 27 persons with multiple substance dependence with personality data of 52 alcohol-dependent persons regarding their personality traits and disorders (obtained by using SCID-II, TCI and NEO FFI). Both patient groups were free of any other mental disorder. RESULTS: In SKD-II, we found significant differences in the male group in dependent and scizotypic personality disorder. There were no significant differences in the female group, but sample was very small. We also found significant differences between alcohol-dependent and multiple substance-dependent persons in extraversion and novelty seeking. CONCLUSIONS: We detected significant differences in personality disorders evaluated by SCID-II. Temperament and character itemsas evaluated by NEO FFI and TCIshowed also significant differences in personality traits. Given the limited number of subjects, the data should be regarded as preliminary until replicated in a larger sample. Nevertheless, the findings may be of clinical relevance with respect to prognosis or individualized treatment. These findings should be treated with caution until replicated.
Assuntos
Caráter , Transtorno da Personalidade Dependente/diagnóstico , Transtorno da Personalidade Esquizoide/diagnóstico , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/psicologia , Temperamento/fisiologia , Adulto , Alcoolismo/epidemiologia , Alcoolismo/psicologia , Comorbidade , Transtorno da Personalidade Dependente/epidemiologia , Comportamento Exploratório , Extroversão Psicológica , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtorno da Personalidade Esquizoide/epidemiologia , Fatores Sexuais , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Ethanol-inhibited glutamatergic neurotransmission has been shown to mediate pathophysiological mechanisms in the development of alcoholism, including withdrawal symptoms. NMDA-receptor 2B (NR2B) is a subunit that confers a high sensitivity to ethanol-induced inhibition. Previously we had reported a lack of association between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1806201 in the NR2B gene (GRIN2B) and alcoholism. Shortly thereafter, an association between the polymorphism and early-onset alcoholism has been reported. One aim of the present study was to test whether the association between the GRIN2B polymorphism rs1806201 and early-onset alcoholism can be replicated in a larger sample. Moreover, we hypothesized that another genetic variation within GRIN2B (rs1806191) may have an effect in the etiology of alcoholism or withdrawal-related traits. METHODS: We extended our original study sample to a size of 377 patients and 464 healthy volunteers and performed a replication study, including the second GRIN2B SNP. Associations between allele, genotype and haplotype frequencies of the two polymorphisms and alcoholism as well as with patients' phenotypes were investigated. RESULTS: No associations were found between any of the two polymorphisms, tested individually or as haplotypes, and alcoholism, respectively withdrawal-related traits. CONCLUSION: Neither the analyzed SNPs nor any of their haplotypes likely modify susceptibility to alcohol dependence or withdrawal-related phenotypes.
Assuntos
Delirium por Abstinência Alcoólica/genética , Alcoolismo/genética , Depressores do Sistema Nervoso Central/efeitos adversos , Etanol/efeitos adversos , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/genética , Convulsões/genética , Síndrome de Abstinência a Substâncias/genética , Adulto , Idade de Início , Delirium por Abstinência Alcoólica/epidemiologia , Alcoolismo/epidemiologia , Alelos , DNA/genética , Éxons/genética , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Haplótipos , Humanos , Masculino , Polimorfismo Genético , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Fatores de Risco , Convulsões/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Abstinência a Substâncias/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Decreased sensitivity to and increased tolerance for the effects of alcohol is a phenotype, which was shown to be associated with an increased risk for alcoholism in humans and was observed in protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) fyn knockout mice. METHODS: We performed an association study of genetic variations of PTK fyn in 430 alcohol-dependent patients and 365 unrelated control subjects from two independent samples. RESULTS: In a combined analysis, we found an association of alcohol dependence with the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) T137346C in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of the gene. A relevant association could be excluded for the remaining two informative SNPs. Selection by phenotype showed that a high number of withdrawal symptoms, high amount of alcohol intake, and high maximum number of drinks compared with unrelated control subjects was associated with the SNP in the 5'-UTR region but not with the remaining SNPs. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a possible association of alcohol dependence with a genotype of the SNP T137346C of the PTK fyn, with C being the risk allele.
