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Fitspiration presents idealised bodies to viewers, emphasising a fit ideal to women and a muscular ideal to men. Previous content analyses have focused on images from Instagram, with research yet to examine video content on TikTok or verify the accuracy of the diet and exercise information posted by fitness influencers. This content analysis examined 200 videos from popular TikTok fitspiration hashtags (fitness, fitspo, gymtok, fittok). Two independent coders used a standardised codebook containing definitions and examples for coding. Overall, 78 % of videos showed only women, and 10 % of videos showed only men. Videos of women included both fit and thin idealised bodies, whole body and specific body part objectification, harmful themes, and promoted appearance-related reasons for exercise more frequently than videos containing men. Videos of men included muscular idealised bodies and objectification through face obscurity (excluding the face from view) more frequently than videos of women. Most videos were posted by fitness influencers, and 60 % of videos presented incorrect or harmful information. Findings suggest that fitspiration TikTok content contains characteristics known to negatively impact body image and highlights gendered differences in content themes. Further investigation is required on the promotion of appearance reasons to exercise, and the credibility of information and content creators.
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OBJECTIVE: This study tested the feasibility and efficacy of two iterations of a low-intensity online writing intervention, Expand Your Horizon (EYH), in improving body image and distress in a cancer population. METHODS: In study 1 (3-session version of EYH), adult female cancer survivors (N = 201) were randomised to EYH, where they described their body functionality, or a creative writing control. Outcomes assessed at baseline and one-week follow-up included body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, and distress. In study 2 (1 session version of EYH), adult female cancer survivors (N = 65) were randomised to EYH or a neutral writing control. Outcomes (assessed at baseline, immediately post-intervention and one-week follow-up) included body appreciation, body functionality appreciation, body dissatisfaction and distress. RESULTS: Study 1 experienced severe attrition; only 14 participants (7 %) completed the intervention and follow-up. Study 2 had higher retention, with 74 % completing the study. In study 2, while no significant differences emerged between EYH or control, both groups significantly improved immediately post-intervention across all outcomes. No differences were found at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: A single-session online writing intervention for cancer survivors appears to be more feasible than multi-session, however the efficacy of EYH for this population remains to be established.
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Imagem Corporal , Sobreviventes de Câncer , Redação , Humanos , Feminino , Sobreviventes de Câncer/psicologia , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Estresse Psicológico/terapia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Idoso , Neoplasias/psicologia , Neoplasias/terapia , Internet , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Frailty, marked by diminished physiological capacity and higher health risks, is less understood in middle-aged individuals (40-65 years) than older adults. This review synthesises intervention studies for pre-frailty and frailty in this demographic, assessing effectiveness, feasibility, and implementation factors including participant experience and cost-effectiveness. METHOD: Registered on the Open Science Framework and adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and the template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) guidelines, this review searched six databases for interventions targeting middle-aged adults. Dual screening, data extraction, risk assessment, and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) certainty evaluation were conducted. Findings were narratively synthesized due to heterogeneity. RESULTS: Eight studies (2018-2023) with 2838 participants were included. Resistance training and multicomponent exercise reduced frailty; though, not always significantly. Low-intensity exercises and education-based interventions yielded mixed results, suggesting a need for further research. Positive participant experiences and cost-effectiveness of interventions such as resistance training and educational interventions supports their feasibility. Varying quality, methodologies and levels of bias indicated a need for more rigorous future research. DISCUSSION: This review reveals an evidence gap in middle-aged frailty interventions. Multicomponent interventions and resistance training showed promise, but their comparative effectiveness remains uncertain. Educational and low-intensity interventions need further research to establish their effectiveness. The findings diverge from those in older adults, emphasising the need for age-specific approaches. Future studies should employ higher-quality methods and explore emerging technologies to enhance intervention effectiveness for pre-frailty and frailty in middle-aged adults.
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Fragilidade , Vida Independente , Humanos , Fragilidade/prevenção & controle , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Custo-Benefício , Treinamento Resistido/métodos , Idoso , Exercício Físico , AdultoRESUMO
ISSUES ADDRESSED: Research suggests visual nudging techniques can subtly encourage healthier consumption. Two experiments explored the effect of four visual primes for nudging drink choices from a vending machine display. METHODS: Participants (17-25 years) were randomly assigned to view vending machine advertising posters containing pictorial nudges of water, soft drink, general health (runner), or a text-only control, for nudging vending machine choices. Participants then selected an item from a vending machine display containing drinks only (Experiment 1; n = 164), or both drinks and snack foods (Experiment 2, n = 684). RESULTS: In both experiments, nudging condition predicted beverage choice. Specifically, the water image nudged healthier beverage choices in both experiments. However, there was no effect on food choice in Experiment 2. Furthermore, in both experiments, liking and habitual consumption of chosen items were also significant predictors of choice, but condition predicted beverage choice over and above these. CONCLUSION: A water prime may be an effective means of encouraging healthier beverage choices in a vending machine environment. SO WHAT?: Findings have the potential to inform strategies for encouraging healthier beverage choices from vending machine environments.
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The modern food-rich environment has contributed to the rise of unhealthy diets linked to noncommunicable diseases. Previous in-person research has found that the effect of social norms on food intake is greater when set by a perceived in-group member relative to an out-group member. Given recent increased social media use, we investigated whether this effect of group membership extends to food choices and to normative information presented remotely online. Participants (N = 179 female university students, 18-32 years) viewed a Facebook page pertaining to either their university (in-group) or a rival university (out-group). They were presented with either a healthy or an unhealthy norm via a post in which a student discussed their order at a café on the relevant campus. Food choice was assessed through an online menu where participants were asked to order one main, side, and dessert dish. As predicted, participants who viewed the healthy norm ordered a higher percentage of healthy items (especially in the desserts category) relative to those who viewed the unhealthy norm. However, this effect was significant only for those in the in-group condition; there was no such pattern for participants in the out-group condition. These findings provide insight into the role of group membership in the effect of social norms, and have practical implications regarding the design of identity-based social media health campaigns to promote healthier eating behaviours.
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Comportamento de Escolha , Preferências Alimentares , Mídias Sociais , Normas Sociais , Estudantes , Humanos , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Preferências Alimentares/psicologia , Adolescente , Estudantes/psicologia , Universidades , Dieta Saudável/psicologia , InternetRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To test whether traffic light labels and an increased range of healthy beverages, individually and in combination, can increase healthy beverage choices from vending machines. DESIGN: Two studies (n 558, 420) tested whether the provision of traffic light labels (green, amber and red) and an increased range of healthy beverages (from 20 % to 50 % green options), individually and in combination, could increase healthy beverage choices from a digital vending machine display. The studies used a between-subjects experimental design, and a hypothetical beverage choice, a limitation when considering real-world applicability. SETTING: Both studies utilised an online Qualtrics survey that featured a digital vending machine display. PARTICIPANTS: Both studies (n 558, 420) consisted of university students from Flinders University and individuals from a survey recruitment service. RESULTS: Featuring traffic lights did not significantly influence beverage choices (P = 0·074), while increasing the healthy range (P = 0·003, OR = 3·27), and the combination of both, did significantly increase healthier beverage choices (P < 0·001, OR = 4·83). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the traffic light system and increased healthy range are not maximally effective when used on their own, and benefit greatly when combined, to increase healthy beverage choices. It was suggested that the provision of traffic light labels supplied the necessary nutritional information, and the increased healthy range offered greater opportunity to act in accordance with that information. In so doing, the present findings offer a promising pathway for reducing unhealthy beverage consumption.
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Bebidas , Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Universidades , Inquéritos e Questionários , Distribuidores Automáticos de AlimentosRESUMO
Given the prevalence of body dissatisfaction among young people, which tends to persist into adulthood, a need exists for large-scale interventions that address this problem. Film has been identified as a resource that is well-suited to large-scale dissemination, which can achieve broad impact and reach. Embrace Kids, a film aimed at improving young people's body image, is one such resource. To evaluate the film's impact on body image, 55 children (M = 10.59, SD = 1.49) and 47 adults (M = 43.75, SD = 8.54) were recruited from the Australian general public to complete a brief survey before and after viewing the film. After viewing the film, significant increases in state body appreciation, state functionality appreciation and state self-compassion were reported for children (d = 0.46 - 0.61) and adults (d = 0.88 - 1.08). They supported the safety of the film by indicating that it did not make them more concerned about their appearance. Findings provide initial support for the film as a scalable intervention that can be safely task-shifted to non-professional audiences. Future research directions include comparing the effect of Embrace Kids against a control film, and testing the longitudinal impact of the film on trait body image.
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Imagem Corporal , Empatia , Filmes Cinematográficos , Autoimagem , Humanos , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Feminino , Criança , Masculino , Adulto , Austrália , Insatisfação Corporal/psicologia , Satisfação Pessoal , Adolescente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The global rise in body dissatisfaction and disordered eating concerns is apparent; however, limited research in Middle-Eastern populations gives an incomplete understanding of these concerns. The present study recruited 377 young women aged 18 to 25 years from the Middle-East for an online survey to determine how female family members may contribute to body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviours. Guided by the Tripartite Influence Model, we investigated the relationships between appearance pressures and fat talk, from mothers and sister(s), in predicting body dissatisfaction, and in turn, disordered eating symptomatology (restriction and bulimia), as mediated by appearance comparisons and internalisation of the thin-ideal. Overall, greater appearance pressures and fat talk from mothers and sister(s) were associated with body dissatisfaction and disordered eating symptomatology. Greater reported closeness in mother-daughter relationships, but not sister relationships, was associated with less perceived appearance pressure and fat talk by mothers, and lower appearance comparisons, body dissatisfaction and bulimia symptomatology. Finally, participants perceived greater appearance pressure from their mothers than their sister(s), but there was no difference in their perceived levels of fat talk. Findings demonstrate the applicability of a subsection of the Tripartite Influence Model in a non-Western and understudied population, namely in young Middle-Eastern women.
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Insatisfação Corporal , Bulimia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Feminino , Humanos , Mães , Imagem Corporal/psicologiaRESUMO
Recently, researchers have started investigating the influence of eating-focused social media content on viewers' body image and eating behaviour. The current systematic review collates the evidence for the relationship between exposure to eating-related social media content and people's body image, disordered eating, food consumption, and eating-related opinions. Following PRISMA guidelines, searches were conducted on five databases (i.e., Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest), resulting in 38 eligible studies that examined the link between eating-related content and body image, eating behaviour and/or viewers' perceptions. Evidence showed positive relationships between exposure to certain material on social media (e.g., fast-food advertisements, clean eating, eating videos) and body image concerns, disordered eating, and consumption of, or a willingness to consume the foods seen on social media; however, studies that focused on 'healthy food' content showed no such link. Viewers expressed mixed feelings towards content such as nutrition information and mukbang videos which record hosts eating a large amount of food. Future research would benefit from a consistent measure of exposure to different eating-related content. There is also a need for more experimental research to examine the impact of watching different types of eating videos on body image, disordered eating, and food consumption.
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Imagem Corporal , Mídias Sociais , Humanos , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Comportamento AlimentarRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Young males experience markedly poorer mental health outcomes. Organised sport settings provide novel prospects to improve the mental health of this subpopulation. AIM: This systematic review aimed to evaluate interventions targeted at the promotion of mental health and wellbeing among young males in organised sporting contexts. METHODS: Six databases (SportDiscus, PsycInfo, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL) were searched from inception to June 2022 (and updated in September 2023). Eligible studies examined interventions targeting the mental health and wellbeing (e.g., depression, anxiety, resilience) or mental health literacy (e.g., stigmatising attitudes, help-seeking) of young males aged 10-24 years (or associated stakeholder samples; e.g., parents or coaches of male youth). RESULTS: A total of 15 studies were included in this review. Overall, the findings indicate promising effects of sport-based interventions on the mental health and mental health literacy outcomes of young males. CONCLUSIONS: This review suggests that there is scope to improve the capacity of sports-based interventions to affect positive change in the mental health of male youth. The findings from this review also have important implications for the development and evaluation of sports-based interventions targeted at young males in future.
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Letramento em Saúde , Esportes , Adolescente , Masculino , Humanos , Saúde Mental , Esportes/psicologia , Ansiedade , Transtornos de AnsiedadeRESUMO
Motherhood can increase vulnerability to body dissatisfaction, but positive body image interventions may mitigate this. Expand Your Horizon (Alleva et al., 2015), an online writing intervention, enhances functionality appreciation, an aspect of positive body image. The intervention's demonstrated efficacy and focus on body functionality indicate its potential use among mothers. However, its original 3-session format may be unfeasible for mothers alongside other commitments. Thus, we tested the impact of a single 15-minute Expand Your Horizon session on state body appreciation and functionality appreciation. Mothers (N = 143) of 0-10-year-olds were randomly allocated to either the intervention group, or an active control group. State body appreciation and functionality appreciation were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Trait self-compassion was tested as a potential moderator. Participants who completed Expand Your Horizon reported greater state body appreciation and functionality appreciation post-intervention than those in the control group. Self-compassion moderated the intervention's effect on state functionality appreciation, with effects strongest for those with lower levels of self-compassion. Overall, findings support the intervention's suitability for mothers, particularly those with low self-compassion. Practical implications include possibly tailoring Expand Your Horizon and similar interventions to benefit all mothers. Future research directions include longitudinal and qualitative designs, and extension to other specific populations.
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Insatisfação Corporal , Imagem Corporal , Feminino , Criança , Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Autoimagem , Mães , RedaçãoRESUMO
Emerging research suggests that modifying the presentation context of healthy food items can subtly 'nudge' individuals to make healthier choices. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of spatial separation between high and low nutritional value items on food and drink choices from an online fast-food menu. Participants (N = 210 women) were presented with one of three pictorial menus in which high nutritional value food and drink items were presented spatially mixed, grouped, or separate from low nutritional value items. Participants were asked to make one selection from each menu category (a main, drink, and dessert), and then completed a measure of dietary restraint. Overall, there was no main effect of menu condition. However, dietary restraint status moderated the effect of menu condition on healthy choices. In particular, women who scored low (but not those who scored high) on dietary restraint were positively influenced by the experimental manipulation, making approximately 14 % healthier selections when high nutritional value items were presented separately from low nutritional value items. This was principally the case for desserts, and to a lesser extent drinks. The findings have practical implications for the design of online fast-food menus to promote healthier food and drink selections.
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Dieta , Preferências Alimentares , Humanos , Feminino , Fast Foods , Alimento Processado , Valor Nutritivo , Rotulagem de Alimentos , RestaurantesRESUMO
Familial influence, specifically from mothers and sisters, may impact the development of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in young women. Guided by the Tripartite Influence Model, the present study recruited 422 young Australian women for a survey to determine how appearance pressures and fat talk, exhibited by mothers and sisters, and mediational mechanisms (comparisons and internalisation), are associated with body dissatisfaction, and in turn, disordered eating symptomatology. We also explored differences in perceived ratings of mother versus sister appearance pressures and fat talk. Findings were in the hypothesised directions. Greater appearance pressures and fat talk from mothers and sisters was associated with greater body dissatisfaction, restriction and bulimic behaviours. Furthermore, appearance pressures from mothers and sisters was related to young women's likelihood of engaging in appearance comparisons and thin-ideal internalisation, which was associated with body dissatisfaction, and in turn, disordered eating symptomatology. Finally, participants perceived more appearance pressures from their mothers than their sisters, and perceived their mothers to exhibit greater fat talk than their sisters. The findings extend previous research in an important and novel way by investigating individual agents of female familial influence in addition to the role of fat talk in predicting body dissatisfaction and disordered eating.
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Imagem Corporal , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Feminino , Humanos , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Mães , Núcleo Familiar , Austrália , Comportamento Alimentar , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/diagnósticoRESUMO
Influencers are prominent figures on social media with a large number of followers who promote products, companies, and/or lifestyles. Some Influencers endorse lingerie and bikini products and there is growing concern about the overtly sexualized nature of the imagery they post to social media. This study aimed to experimentally examine the impact of exposure to images of female Influencers dressed in either fashionable clothes (fashion condition) or in lingerie/bikini garments posed in a suggestive manner (sexualized condition) on women's negative mood and body dissatisfaction relative to control (fashion products). Young women (N = 230, aged 17-25years) were recruited online and randomly allocated to one of the conditions. They completed pre/post state measures of mood and body dissatisfaction, as well as measures of state appearance comparison and self-objectification. Planned comparisons revealed that viewing images of Influencers led to greater negative mood, body dissatisfaction, self-objectification, and appearance comparison than viewing control images. Viewing sexualized images also led to greater negative mood, body dissatisfaction, and appearance comparison than did viewing standard fashion images. State appearance comparison was found to mediate these differences. The findings highlight the negative impact of sexualized images on social media and the need for enhanced regulation in relation to Influencer advertising.
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Insatisfação Corporal , Mídias Sociais , Feminino , Humanos , Publicidade , Afeto , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , AdultoRESUMO
Soft drink overconsumption is a growing public health concern. The present research investigated whether priming nudges could decrease soft drink choices from a vending machine. We compared the effect of six vending machine wraps (Mount Franklin ™ logo, Coca-Cola™ logo, picture of water, picture of soft drink, blue, red) on beverage choice against a black (control) computerised vending machine display. In two studies, young adult participants (17 - 25 years) were recruited from [removed for blind review] (Study 1, n = 142, Study 2, n = 232). Participants were randomly allocated to choose a beverage from one of the wrap conditions. They also rated how much the beverage was liked and how often it was consumed (Study 1), or rated the refreshing value, healthiness, taste, and energy of each beverage in the vending machine (Study 2). We predicted that wraps referencing water would produce healthier choices and those referencing soft drink would result in unhealthier choices. Contrary to these predictions, the type of vending machine wrap did not significantly influence beverage choice in Study 1. However, viewing the black vending machine wrap resulted in significantly more caffeine-based selections in Study 2. Other significant predictors of the choice of beverage were how often the beverages were consumed and how much they were liked (Study 1), as well as their perceptions of the taste, healthiness and refreshing value (Study 2). The finding that the black vending machine produced more caffeine-based beverage choices demonstrates, in principle, that color-based priming nudges could influence beverage choices.
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This project aimed to establish whether meaningful body image profiles (BIPs) could be identified across measures of body shame, body appreciation, and body mass index (BMI), and whether these profiles could differentiate key health behaviours. Data came from 1200 adult women who responded to an online body image survey. Latent profile analysis was used to identify BIPs based on relative levels of body shame, body appreciation and BMI. Differences in dietary restraint and weekly exercise amount were investigated according to BIP membership. Latent profile analysis revealed four unique BIPs; 1. Appreciative BIP (AP-BIP); 2. Medium Shame BIP (MS-BIP); 3. High Shame BIP (HS-BIP) and 4. Average BIP (AV-BIP). Dietary restraint and exercise amount differed significantly according to BIP in most comparisons. Women in the High Shame BIP exhibited the highest dietary restraint and lowest exercise. Women in the Appreciative BIP exhibited the lowest dietary restraint and highest exercise. Body shame and body appreciation intersect with BMI to form unique profiles (BIPs) that differentiate dietary restraint and exercise. Using BIPs to tailor interventions designed to promote healthful diet and exercise should be considered in public health initiatives.
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Imagem Corporal , Dieta , Adulto , Humanos , Feminino , Índice de Massa Corporal , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Exercício Físico , VergonhaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Fitspiration is a social media phenomenon purported to inspire viewers to lead healthier lifestyles but can result in negative psychological outcomes such as body dissatisfaction. This study aimed to develop a tool to audit Instagram fitspiration accounts and screen for content that could have potentially negative psychological effects. METHODS: This study developed and implemented an audit tool to (1) identify credible fitspiration accounts (i.e., accounts that do not portray potentially harmful or unhealthy content) and (2) describe the content of identified accounts. The most recent 15 posts of 100 leading Instagram fitspiration accounts were audited. Accounts were deemed non-credible and were excluded if they contained fewer than four fitness-related posts or portrayed nudity or inappropriate clothing, sexualisation or objectification, extreme body types, "thinspiration", or negative messages. RESULTS: Many accounts contained fewer than four fitness-related posts (n = 41), sexualisation or objectification (n = 26), nudity or inappropriate clothing (n = 22), and/or extreme body types (n = 15). Three accounts failed on all four criteria, while 13, 10 and 33 failed on three, two, or one criterion, respectively. Therefore, only 41% of accounts were considered credible. Inter-rater reliability (percentage agreement and Brennan and Prediger's coefficient κq) was high (Stage 1: 92% agreement [95% CI 87, 97], κq 0.84 [95% CI 0.73, 0.95]; Stage 2: 93% agreement [95% CI 83, 100], κq 0.85 [95% CI 0.67, 1.00]). Account holders of credible fitspiration accounts were predominantly female (59%), aged 25-34 (54%), Caucasian (62%), and from the United States (79%). Half held a qualification related to physical activity or physical health (e.g., personal trainer, physiotherapy; 54%). Most included accounts included an exercise video (93%) and example workout (76%). CONCLUSION: While many popular Instagram fitspiration accounts offered credible content such as example workouts, many accounts contained sexualisation, objectification or promotion of unhealthy or unrealistic body shapes. The audit tool could be used by Instagram users to ensure the accounts they follow do not portray potentially harmful or unhealthy content. Future research could use the audit tool to identify credible fitspiration accounts and examine whether exposure to these accounts positively influences physical activity.
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Insatisfação Corporal , Medicina , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Exercício Físico , Estilo de Vida SaudávelRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Young people are disproportionately affected by poor mental health. Youth sport settings hold immense potential to improve the mental health outcomes of this demographic. Efforts to leverage youth sport settings to promote mental health are limited by the lack of knowledge pertaining to engagement with mental health interventions in these settings. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the willingness of youth sporting club stakeholders (e.g., sportspersons, coaches, support staff, parents/guardians) to engage in mental health initiatives conducted by sporting clubs and ascertain possible determinants of engagement. METHODS: This study used an observational cross-sectional design. Participants completed an online survey assessing likelihood of supporting a mental health campaign, mental health literacy (help-seeking, inclusive attitudes), and perceived club support. Perceptions pertaining to the importance of youth mental health and sporting clubs supporting youth mental health were also assessed. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 275 stakeholders of youth sporting clubs in Australia (Mage = 40.2 ± 15.8 years, 60.3% female). The findings indicated that stakeholders were willing to participate in mental health initiatives in youth sport clubs. A linear regression analysis indicated that the significant predictors of stakeholders supporting such initiatives were older age (> 25-50 and > 50 years; ß = 0.15, p = .033, ß = 0.19, p = .005, respectively), along with perceived importance of youth mental health (ß = 0.24, p = .003) and sporting clubs supporting youth mental health (ß = 0.22, p = .004). CONCLUSION: Youth sport settings have the capacity to improve the provision of mental health support among young people. There is a need for tailored approaches to enhance the engagement with, and effectiveness of, mental health resources in sport contexts.
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Esportes , Esportes Juvenis , Humanos , Adolescente , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Estudos Transversais , Participação dos Interessados , Promoção da SaúdeRESUMO
Videoconferencing for work/study purposes has increased rapidly due to the COVID-19 global pandemic. Given this practice often involves viewing one's own video image, higher appearance concerns whilst videoconferencing may be linked to poorer performance whereby individuals may not feel they are able to engage or have control during a work/study meeting. The present study cross-sectionally examined whether both facial appearance concerns and fear of negative evaluation during videoconferencing for work/study purposes were directly and indirectly related to performance control and engagement, through self-focused attention and appearance distraction. Adult participants (N = 534, Mage = 26.32, SD = 11.08; 78% female) completed an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. Path analysis revealed direct and indirect effects, suggesting that heightened appearance self-consciousness was associated with greater self- and appearance-focused attention. In turn, this was related to impaired performance during videoconferencing. Multigroup analyses demonstrated that the magnitude of the proposed correlational effects were comparable across men and women. Given the ongoing reliance on videoconferencing, these findings have important theoretical and practical implications.
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Imagem Corporal , COVID-19 , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Pandemias , Austrália , Comunicação por VideoconferênciaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to understand the experiences of women from rural areas who have had a preterm infant admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit. The study population comprised five women aged 29-36 years who birthed a premature infant of less than 32 weeks gestation within the previous 6 months at the time of recruitment. The setting was in rural areas of Australia, in the states of Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews using video-conferencing explored the experiences of the women and were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Four key themes were identified from the data: emotional trauma, social displacement, external coping resources and craving continuity of care. Social displacement further impacted the emotional trauma already experienced by women who birthed a preterm infant by temporarily relocating to the city to be near to their infant in the neonatal intensive care unit. This led to the utilisation of additional socioeconomic resources including support from extended family and rural community members. The women highly valued yet struggled to find appropriate peer support and continuity of health care for their infant within their rural community after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. CONCLUSION: Health professionals have an opportunity to explore ways to address social displacement, particularly in relation to socioeconomic support and the involvement of extended family into a family integrated care framework within the neonatal intensive care unit. The long-term effects of this on the mother-infant dyad and the lack of appropriate community support also require further examination.