Organ Donation and Primary Central Nervous System Tumors.

Primary central nervous system tumors can be the cause of brain death. Not all of them contraindicate the donation of organs and tissues for transplant. A survey of cases was carried out in our country in which it was observed that the number of brain deaths caused by primary tumors was low, of the order of 2%, with an x (media) of 3 by year, which would increase the potential for donation. Medical records, an anatomopathologic study, and a detailed physical examination will be fundamental when applying the donor selection criteria. Nuclear magnetic resonance in expert hands has a sensitivity of 96% to catalog the benignity or malignancy of this type of tumors.

[Giant cerebral cavernous malformation in a child less than 1 year old: case report]. / Angioma cavernoso cerebral gigante en paciente menor de un año: descripción de un caso.

Cerebral cavernous malformations are rarely described in children. Giant cavernous malformations are exceptional in this group of patients. The authors reports a case of an eleven months boy, who begins at the sixth month of life with epilepsy. Medical therapy was advised and imagenological studies were carried out. An IRM was performed, and shows a giant cavernous malformation in the right parietal lobe. Surgery was carried out, with complete resection of the lesion. In the postoperative period and at more than a year of follow up, he was free of crisis. We report the case because of the rarity of a giant cavernous angioma in a patient less than a year old.

Angioma cavernoso cerebral gigante en paciente menor de un año: descripción deun caso / Giant cerebral cavernous malformation in a child less than 1 year old: case report

Los angiomas cavernosos son poco frecuentes en niños, y son menos frecuentes aún los angiomas cavernosos gigantes. Describimos el caso clínico de un niño de 11 mesesque consultó por un cuadro de crisis epilépticas de 5 meses de evolución. Los estudios de imagen (IRM) evidenciaron un angioma cavernoso gigante parietal derecho. Se realizó una resección total de la lesión con controlde las crisis. Se reporta el caso dado lo excepcional de la lesión descrita en un paciente menor de un año (AU)

Cerebral cavernous malformations are rarely described in children. Giant cavernous malformations are exceptional in this group of patients.The authors reports a case of an eleven months boy, who begins at the sixth month of life with epilepsy. Medical therapy was advised and imagenological studieswere carried out. An IRM was performed, and shows a giant cavernous malformation in the right parietal lobe. Surgery was carried out, with complete resection of the lesion. In the postoperative period and at more thana year of follow up, he was free of crisis.We report the case because of the rarity of a giantcavernous angioma in a patient less than a year old (AU)

[Topographic anatomy of the asterion]. / Anatomía topográfica del asterion

BACKGROUND: In the surgical approaches to the posterior fossa, the accurate location of the transverse-sigmoid sinus (TS-SS) complex is of great importance. The asterion is a referral landmark to the transverse sinus location. METHOD: Twenty-five skulls of adult cadavers were studied. We seek for the relationships of the asterion with: TS location, mastoid emissary vein, suprametal crest and inion. RESULTS: The asterion was found in 49 cases. In the great majority of cases (87.8%) the asterion was over the TS (72.2% over the sinus proper, 27.8% over the TS-SS transition). The mastoid emissary vein was present in 46 cases, and in 36% we found two veins. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The burr hole for posterolateral approaches to the posterior fossa must be located below and behind the asterion.

Anatomía topográfica del asterion / Topographyc anatomy of the asterion

Introducción. Las referencias anatómicas que permitenubicar los senos venosos durante los abordajes de fosa posterior, son de utilidad para el neurocirujano. El asterion es usado como referencia para localizar cl seno transverso (ST). Material y método. Se utilizaron 50 hemicráneos de cadáveres adultos. Se estudió la relación del asterion con el ST, la vena emisaria mastoidea (VEM), la cresta suprameatal y el inion. Resultados. Se identificó el asterion en 49 casos. En el 87.8% de las piezas, se situó a la altura del seno transverso. El 72.2% se ubicó sobre el propio seno y el 27.8% sobre su codo. Si se traza una línea desde la cresta suprameatal al inion, el asterion se ubica por debajo de esta línea en el 88% de los casos. El foramen de la VEM se identificó en 46 oportunidades,en el 36% fue doble. Discusión y conclusiones. Según nuestros datos y los de otros autores, el orificio de trépano debe situarse por debajo y algo detrás del asterion para evitar la lesión del seno transverso

Background. In the surgical approaches to the posteriorfossa, the accurate location of the transverse-sigmoidsinus (TS-SS) complex is of great importance. The asterion is a referal landmark to the transverse sinus location. Method. Twenty-Iive skulls of adult cadavers were studied. We seek for the relationships of the asterion with: TS location, mastoid emissary vein, suprameatal crest and inion. Results. The asterion was found in 49 cases. In the great majority of cases (87.8%) the asterion was over the TS (72.2% over the sinus proper, 27.8% over the TS-SS transition). The mastoid emissary vein was present in 46 cases, and in 36% we found two veins. Discussion and conclusions. The burr hole for posterolateral approaches to the posterior fossa must be located below and behind the asterion

Variaciones del sector anterior del polígono de Willis. Correlación anatomo-angiográfica y su implicancia en la cirugía de aneurismas intracraneanos (Arterias, ácigos cerebral anterior, mediana del cuerpo calloso y cerebral media accesoria) / Variants of the anterior circle of Willis, Anatomic and angiografic correlation and its implications in the surgery of itnracranial aneurysms

Es universalmente aceptado que el polígono de Willis presenta variantes en su anatomía habitual, hasta en el 60% de los casos. Algunas de éstas se asocian a malformaciones vasculares, como los aneurismas. El conocimiento de estas variantes anatómicas es de fundamental importancia con vistas al acto quirúrgico, con el fin de preservar arterias en topografía poco habituales y cuya lesión puede determinar secuelas invalidantes. Los autores, en revisión anatómica de 192 hemisferios cerebrales, encuentran tres variantes del sector anterior del Polígono de Willis: arteria ácigos cerebral anterior, arteria mediana del cuerpo calloso y arteria cerebral media accesoria. Se realiza la descripción anatómica de los hallazgos, la correlación con la angiografía y finalmente cómo influyeron estos cambios en el acto quirúrgico de aneurismas de las regiones implicadas (AU)

It is worlwide accepted that in almost 60% of cases, anatomical variants in the Circle of Willis can be found. Some of them are associated with vascular malfor¬mations such as aneurysms. The knowledge of these anatomical variants is of vital importance when facing surgery, being the aims to preserve arteries in unusual localisations, which when injured can determine invali¬dating sequelae. The authors have reviewed 192 cerebral hemis¬pheres, finding three variants in the anterior Circle of Willis: Azigos anterior cerebral artery; Median artery of the corpus callosum and accesory middle cerebral artery. The authors make an anatomical description of the findings, their angiographical correlation, and describe the influence of these changes during surgery of aneurysms in the involved regions (AU)

[Variants of the anterior circle of Willis. Anatomic and angiografic correlation and its implications in the surgery of intracranial aneurysms. (Acigos anterior cerebral artery, median artery of the corpus callosum and accessory middle cerebral artery)]. / Variaciones del sector anterior del polígono de Willis. Correlación anatomo-angiográfica y su implicancia en la cirugía de aneurismas intracraneanos. (Arterias: ácigos cerebral anterior, mediana del cuerpo calloso y cerebral media accesoria.

It is worlwide accepted that in almost 60% of cases, anatomical variants in the Circle of Willis can be found. Some of them are associated with vascular malformations such as aneurysms. The knowledge of these anatomical variants is of vital importance when facing surgery, being the aims to preserve arteries in unusual localisations, which when injured can determine invalidating sequelae. The authors have reviewed 192 cerebral hemispheres, finding three variants in the anterior Circle of Willis: Azigos anterior cerebral artery; Median artery of the corpus callosum and accessory middle cerebral artery. The authors make an anatomical description of the findings, their angiographical correlation, and describe the influence of these changes during surgery of aneurysms in the involved regions.