[Study of the anatomy of the living human heart using echocardiography]. / Izuchenie anatomii serdtsa zhivogo cheloveka s pomoshch'iu ékhokardiografii.

For studying anatomy of the alive human heart, a new method of ultrasonic echography has been used. With its assistance it is possible to see all the cardiac chambers, interventricular and interatrial septa, tricuspidal and mitral valves, their chordae, papillary muscles, myocardium and pericardium. Not only their statics, but also their dynamics are investigated, when the heart contracts and its valves make movements. Owing to this, possibilities for studying cardiac anatomy in the alive people.

[New modification of the technic for preserving human brain preparations]. / Novaia modifikatsiia metoda konservirovaniia preparatov golovnogo mozga cheloveka.

The modification suggested is a combination of two methods--one with formalin application, another--without formalin application. At first, 5% solution of formalin is injected into the brain arterial bed, then it is injected with an artificial neoprene resine--latex. The preparation is put into a preserving liquid containing no formalin (a mixture of glycerin--45%, acetous potassium--10%, water--45%) for 1.5--2 months.

[Effect of different types of sports on skeletal growth in child, adolescent and young sportsmen]. / Vliianie razlichnykh vidov sporta na rost skeleta u sportsmenov detskogo, podrostkovogo i iunosheskogo vozrastov.

The work represents a theoretical review on the influence of various kinds of sport on the locomotorium. There exists a great discrepancy on how sport influences growth and synostosis in bones. The work from the Department of Normal Anatomy of the First Medical Institute, Leningrad is dedicated to the effects of various kinds of sport on the skeleton of young sportsmen and summarizes the results of the investigations performed. It is demonstrated that different kinds of sport affect differently the process of synostosis in tubular bones. The influence depends on the character of bones involving in the given kind of sport and on the character of physical loading. Thus, the process of synostosis depends not only on genetic factors, but also on social ones which include physical culture. Despite a great number of works dedicated to the study how different kinds of sport influence growth and synostosis of bones, regularities of the process remain to be clarified. Further investigations are needed.

[Effect of gravitational loads (+Gx) of the training schedule on the structure of the main arteries of dogs]. / Vliianie gravitatsionnykh peregruzok (+Gx) trenirovochnogo kharaktera na stroenie magistral'nykh arterii sobak.

In dogs subjected to gravitational overloadings (+Gx) according to a special training schedule the wall structure of the main arteries (carotid, humeral, femoral and aorta) was studied by histological methods. The amount of catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline) in the venous blood plasma and in the adrenal tissue was the index of the sympathoadrenal system condition. It was demonstrated that in trained animals the tolerance threshold to continuously increasing overloadings (+Gx) rose. It was accompanied by an elevated amount of catecholamines in blood and the adrenals In the walls of the main arteries studied a moderate hyperelastosis and a slight collagenization of the adventitia was noted. All parts of the microcirculatory bed were moderately dilated, which favoured a better blood outflow. The data obtained demonstrate adaptational changes, which can be interpreted as indices of training and reliability of the organism.

[New methods of x-ray anatomic study (on the 80th anniversary of x-ray anatomy)]. / Novye metody rentgenoanatomicheskogo issledovaniia (k 80-letiiu rentgenoanatomii)

Eighty years have passed since 1896 when Tonkov first used X-rays in anatomy in our country. The first Roentgenological Institute was organized in the USSR in Leningrad in 1918 with the first roentgenanatomical laboratory in it. This laboratory has first developed methods of the roentgen-anatomical investigation of the vascular system such as roentgenarteriography (A. S. Zolotukhin), roentgenlymphography, tomography, microroentgenography, bukkigraphy and others (M.G. Prives and others). The article presents a review of the newest methods of roentgenanatomical investigations: roentgenography with direct magnification of the picture, roentgenography of soft tissues, electro-roentgenography, panthomography, coloured roentgenography, different kinds of artificial contrasting-pneumography of different kinds, partenography, roentgenostereography, newest kinds of arteriography, phlebography, portohepatography, lymphography, pharmaco-angiography, roentgenokinography and teleroentgenkinography.