RESUMO
Reported incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the Czech Republic increased steeply over the past decade from 90 new cases in 2005 to 266 in 2015. This increase is almost exclusively attributed to sexual transmissions between men who have sex with men (MSM). In 2015, there were 79% (n=210) newly diagnosed cases among MSM, 17% (n=45) were attributed to heterosexual transmission and 1% (n=3) to people who inject drugs. Interventions targeted at MSM have not yet been prioritised in the broadly focused national HIV prevention strategy which this is envisaged to change in the programme set out for 2018 to 2022. The national budget for HIV prevention has been reduced, however, and this remains. Availability of voluntary counselling and testing has decreased substantially in the past decade. Post- and pre-exposure prophylaxis for sexual intercourse among MSM are not part of the HIV prevention policy and the concept of treatment as prevention is not fully recognised. Provision of a combined prevention strategy with a focus on MSM, reflecting the above factors including stigmatisation, should contribute to reverse the development of a concentrated HIV epidemic among MSM in the Czech Republic.
Assuntos
Antirretrovirais/administração & dosagem , Epidemias , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Homossexualidade Masculina , Profilaxia Pós-Exposição , Profilaxia Pré-Exposição , Adulto , República Tcheca/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Infecções por HIV/transmissão , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Política de Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Programas de RastreamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify and to examine the population groups at highest risk of acquiring HHV8 infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Indirect immunofluorescence test (IIF) for detection of IgG antibodies to the lytic antigen of HHV 8. RESULTS: In total 101 STD patients of a dermatovenerological clinic, 129 HIV - negative homosexual men - who have asked for voluntary HIV testing and 37 patients with repeated blood transfusions were tested. The highest number of patients - 13 (10 %) with IgG antibodies to the lytic antigen of HHV 8 was found in the group of HIV - negative homosexual men. CONCLUSIONS: In the Czech Republic are at highest risk of HHV 8 infection (except HIV positive persons), HIV negative men.
