Typhoid fever survey in two localities in Vietnam.

As a part of multipurpose health survey of the population in Vietnam the antibodies against S. typhi were determined by the micromethod using haemagglutination test (O-antigen 9, 12) and agglutination test using standard H-diagnostic antigen (d). Totally 292 sera were examined, 139 from Duyen Thai village and 154 from Mai Chau. The data on vaccination against typhoid fever are recorded only in 102 persons. The positivity on Vi antibodies is very high--70% in Duyen Thai and 47% in Mai Chau. This finding is significant according to the high titres in the carriers of S. typhi. The titres of all antibodies are lower in Mai Chau area situated in mountains then in crowded lowlands of Duen Thai. The level of antibodies is decreasing with age. The frequency distribution of antibodies by age proves endemicity of the disease in area, where a large part of population is infected already before reaching 20 years of age. The effectivities of vaccination is discussed.

To the problem of toxoplasmosis in Vietnam.

The number of 259 human seria was examined for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in 1984. Under survey were 140 persons from Duyen Thai village situated in a suburban agricultural area of Hanoi, and 119 persons from the villages of Mai Chau district in a mountainous valley near Laos border. A microreaction of complement fixation had shown higher titres in Mai Chau (24.3%) in comparison with 15.7% in Duyen Thai, using 1:16 and higher titres as significant reaction. Age distribution of antibodies revealed early infection in the childhood, as 50% of children had significant reactions in Mai Chau and 27.6% in Duyen Thai. Lately the level of antibodies was decreasing to a minimum (8%) in Duyen Thai in the age group of 30-49 years.

[Marriages and divorces in the Czech countries during the nineteenth century]. / Manzelstvi a rozvody v Ceskych zemich v 19. stoleti.

PIP: The author examines marriage patterns in Czechoslovakia during the nineteenth century with particular emphasis on the Catholic church's attitude toward divorce as it affected marriage trends. Maternal mortality rates, marriage duration, fertility, multiple marriages, and women's status are discussed in relation to marriage patterns. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)^ieng