[Radiation thermometry used in the study of normal kidney functional activity]. / Ispol'zovanie radiatsionnoi teplometrii pri isledovanii funktsional'noi deiatel'nosti pochek v norme.

In this paper, the results of use of active radiation heat flowmetry in the nephrological clinic are presented. Employment of rationalized loading tests permitted direct relationship to be established of radiation heat losses from the surface of the "open" kidney to the status of renal functions. Patterns of changes in the infrared radiation intensity have been ascertained in health and in the blockade of canalicular reabsorption. A hypothesis is documented about participation of autonomic system of regulation of renal bloodflow and glomerular filtration in thermostabilization of the kidney.

[Recapitulation in the development of the components of the counterflow system in the vertebrate metanephros]. / Rekapituliatsiia v razvitii komponentov protivotochnoi sistemy metanefrosa pozvonochnykh.

The investigation has been performed on 107 renal preparations obtained from persons of various age (from 5-month-old fetuses up to 45 years of age), certain representatives of other classes of the Vertebrata are also included: fish, amphibia, reptile and mammalia at various stages of pre- and postnatal periods of ontogenesis by means of preparing graphic and plastic reconstructive models, histological investigation and microdissection. The complexity of the intrarenal branching of derivatives of the mesonephric duct diverticulum, development and structure of the canalicular part in nephrons directly depend on the phylogenetic position of the animal. Complexity of the nephron architectonics occurs along the progressive line of taxonomic groups of higher Vertebrata. The nephron loop becomes longer, thin segment of the nephron canalicular part increases in its length and, at last, in mammalia a cone-shaped fasciculus appears as a structural-functional unit of the osmoregulating apparatus of the constant kidney. In the comparative anatomical and comparative embryological aspects recapitulation is observed concerning certain morphological signs of derivatives of the metanephric duct and nephron.

[Transformation of the kidney pelvis and the major and minor calices during their development]. / Transformatsiia pochechnoi lokhanki, bol'shikh i malykh chashek v protsesse ikh razvitiia.

The investigation has been performed in 28 series of histological sections of human embryos and prefetuses (4-20 weeks of the intrauterine development) and in 17 fetal corpses by means of certain histological methods, preparation of graphic reconstructive models, microscopy and fine preparation. The structural form of the definitive organ renal pelvis is demonstrated to depend on the ramification type of the metanephric duct derivatives. This is stipulated by interinductive processes of the ureteral sprout and metanephrogenic tissue. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the diverticulum ramification of the mesonephric duct during embryonic period of the prenatal ontogenesis predetermine the number of the calyces renalis majors and minors in the metanephros.

[3-Dimensional model of the contribution of the vascular and tubular components of the osmoregulatory apparatus of the kidney]. / Ob"emnaia model' zakladki sosudistogo i kanal'tsevogo komponentov osmoreguliruiushchego apparata pochki.

The method of preparing consecutive series of the reconstruction models of vascular and tubular components of the countercurrent renal system being formed was used to examine their structural organization and spatial interrelations during the prenatal period of rabbit ontogenesis. It was established that the structural and functional unit of the renal osmoregulatory apparatus is represented by a cone-like bundle of tubular formations (the collecting tubule, ascending and descending portions of Henle's loops, vessels) where the central place is occupied by the collecting tubule around which three homogeneous looped tubules of Henle are arranged in a definite manner, the later tubules communicating with the collecting tubule. The presence of the three Henle's loops is accounted for by the fact that each generation of Wolf's duct diverticulum derivatives gives rise to three new populations at whose blind ampullar end there takes place the formation of nephrons.

[Formation of the ductal and vascular components of the rabbit kidney countercurrent system]. / Formirovanie kanal'tsevogo i sosudistogo komponentov protivotochnoi sistemy pochki krolika.

Series of graphic and plastic reconstructed models, injections of vessels with successive clearing, injections with successive reconstruction and other methods have been performed and applied to study certain peculiarities of anlage and formation, as well as topographic-anatomical interconnections in the canalicular and vascular components in the rabbit counterflow system during prenatal ontogenesis. It has been stated that the conoid fasciculus of the tubular formations (collecting tube, descending and ascending parts of the nephron loop, vessels) is the structural unit in the osmoregulating nephric apparatus; the collecting tube occupies the central position, and loops of three nephrons belonging to the same generations and having connections with the tube are situated, in a definite order, around it.

[Structural organization of the tubular component of the renal countercurrent system]. / Osobennosti strukturnoi organizatsii kanal'tsevogo komponenta protivotochnoi sistemy pochki.

The time course of the developing tubules of the dog kidney in the prenatal period of ontogenesis was studied by the methods of microscopy and three-dimensional reconstruction. It was established that the structural functional unit of the osmoregulatory system is a cone-shaped fascicle whose central axis is a collecting tubule. Henle's loops of three juxtamedullary nephrons and accompanying blood vessels are grouped concentrically along the axis. The tubules are grouped in such a manner that the most central position is occupied by the ascending portions of the loop while the descending ones lie somewhat outwards.