[Treatment of a unilateral Brodie's syndrome by surgical contraction of the maxillae]. / Traitement d'un syndrome de Brodie unilatéral par contraction chirurgicale des maxillaires.

INTRODUCTION: Brodie's syndrome consists in a transverse occlusal discrepancy in relation with an excessive width of the maxilla, a narrow mandible or a combination of both, leading to lateral scissors bite. This kind of infrequent malocclusion is usually treated by orthodontics alone in children. In adults, additional orthognathic surgery id often required. We present a case of unilateral Brodie's syndrome treated by surgical contraction of the maxillae. OBSERVATION: A 22-year-old patient presented with a left scissors bite and severe unilateral molar overbite. After failure of an attempt to ingress the left molars by help of a sub-apical corticotomy and anchorage mini-screws, the patient was referred for surgery. The mandible being considered as normal, a segmented Le Fort I osteotomy was planned, combining a contraction (4mm) and an impaction (4mm) of the left maxilla. This allowed for an immediate correction of the skeletal discrepancy and for the achievement of orthodontics in less than 6 months. DISCUSSION: Le Fort I osteotomy provides a good access to the sagittal suture. Maxillary contraction is an uncommon procedure that enables a quick management of scissors bite and doesn't need any patient cooperation. Treatment time is reduced and the need for intraoral devices is limited.

[Unrecognized occupational risk of pleural mesothelioma. The example of the Rhône-Alps region]. / Méconnaissance du risque professionnel de mésothéliome pleural. Exemple de la région Rhône-Alpes.

A retrospective study of pleural mesothelioma diagnosed between 1980 and 1988 in the Rhône-Alpes région allowed to identify 224 cases. From the 187 patients in which occupational history was available 105 (56%) had been exposed to asbestos at work and 44 had been recognised as occupation disease and compensated. These data illustrate that the real incidence of the disease is largely underestimated and that legal procedure for occupational disease recognition is highly deficient.

[Compensation for occupational asthma. Practical aspects]. / L'indemnisation des asthmes professionnels. Aspects pratiques.

The compensation of occupational asthma is based on the presumptive evidence of the cause. This process is both simpler and faster than in case law. In practice however, difficulties can arise, delaying payment of compensation. The main causes of these difficulties and means to overcome them are discussed here.

[Compensation for occupational asthma. Practical aspects]. / L'indemnisation des asthmes professionnels. Aspects pratiques.

The compensation of occupational asthma is based on the presumptive evidence of the cause. This process is both simpler and faster than in case law. In practice however, difficulties can arise, delaying payment of compensation. The main causes of these difficulties and means to overcome them are discussed here.

[Asthma in industry: which products? which occupations?]. / Asthme dans l'industrie: quels produits? quels métiers?

Some examples of chemicals and occupational asthmas are summarized. Industrial asthmas are characterized by a large number of risks in relation with a large number of chemicals and uses. Occupational physicians are well informed of risks and work practices in the factories.

[Development of occupational asthma. Follow-up R.F.E. of 23 cases]. / Evolution des asthmes professionnels. D'après la surveillance E. F. R. de 23 cas.

Occupational asthma can either improve or develop into chronic respiratory insufficiency. It is often difficult to predict which course will be followed. Here we report the follow-up of respiratory function of 23 patients with occupational asthma of at least one year's standing, due to various substances; several prognostic factors are discussed.

Occupational asthma after exposure to azodicarbonamide: report of four cases.

Azodicarbonamide (Chemical Abstract Service Registry No 123.77.3) is an organic low molecular weight agent used for blowing and foaming plastics. Finely ground azodicarbonamide can be a pulmonary and sometimes a cutaneous acute sensitiser. Four cases of work related asthma are reported.

[Development of occupational asthma. Based on E.F.R. monitoring of 23 cases]. / Evolution des asthmes professionnels. D'après la surveillance E. F. R. de 23 cas.

Occupational asthma can either improve or develop into chronic respiratory insufficiency. It is often difficult to predict which course will be followed. Here we report the follow-up of respiratory function of 23 patients with occupational asthma of at least one year's standing, due to various substances; several prognostic factors are discussed.

[Asthma in industry: what products? What professions?]. / Asthme dans l'industrie: quels produits? Quels métiers?

Some examples of chemicals and occupational asthma are summarized. Industrial asthma are characterized by a large number of risks in relation with a large number of chemicals and uses. Occupational physicians are well informed of risks and work practices in the factories.

Method for the assessment of diagnosis in human toxicology.

A method for the assessment of diagnosis in human toxicology is presented. This method follows an approach similar to that already used in postmarketing drug surveillance for the validation of drug-induced side effects. It is based on criteria of exposure and semiological/chronological criteria. A scale for objectively assessing these criteria allows one to appreciate the information available in each case report (i.e., informativity), and when this is considered sufficient, the causal relationship (i.e., imputability) can be evaluated. This mode of systematic and objective assessment should allow one to achieve a consistent case-by-case recording of data in occupational as well as human toxicology in general, to stimulate the search for lacking information, to use a common language for all those recording and reporting such data, and, finally, to improve the reliability and usefulness of published reports.