[Subtotal resection by Billroth-I and its place in the surgical treatment plan for stomach cancer]. / Subtotal'naia rezektsiia po Bil'rot-I i ee mesto v plane khirurgicheskogo lecheniia raka zheludka.

An examination of the resected material obtained from 267 cases operated on for cancer of the distal part of the stomach (after Billroth 1-21.4 and Billroth 2-78.6%) failed to establish any correlation between frequency of postoperative complications, mortality rate or even 5-year survival, on the one hand, and surgical procedure, on the other (p greater than 0.05). Such postgastrectomy complications as dumping syndrome and reflux-esophagitis did not occur after application of Billroth 1 procedure, while in the other group they were observed in every seventh case (14.2 +/- 2.4%). Resection after Billroth 1 may be recommended for treatment of a considerable number of patients with cancer of the distal part of the stomach since it is as radical as Billroth 2 procedure but does not disturb major physiological functions.

[Histochemical study of the immune response of the regional lymph nodes in breast and stomach cancer]. / Gistokhimicheskoe izuchenie immunnogo otveta regionarnykh limfaticheskikh uzlov pri rake molochnoi zhelezy i zheludka.

In breast and stomach cancer the cell reactions in regional lymph nodes were studied by histochemical assaying of the T-dependent zone (acid phosphatase activity) and B-dependent zone (the activity of alkaline phosphatase, 5-nucleotidase, ATPs) and also by determining sinus histiocytosis. The metastases involved lymph nodes were characterized by a regular marked fall in the acid phosphatase activity i. e. by the decreased T-zone, which is responsible for cell immune response.

[Histochemical studies of the immunomorphological state of the regional lymph nodes in stomach cancer]. / Gistokhimicheskie issledovaniia immunomorfologicheskogo sostoianiia regionarnykh limfouzlov pri rake zheludka.

Histochemically (including the determination of RNA, acid and alkaline phosphatase, 5-nucleotidase and ATP-ase) the kinetics of the T-and B-cell region representation in regional lymph nodes has been studied in 54 gastric cancer patients. Four types of regional immune reactions were distinguished with regard to which the frequency of regional metastases and the survival rate in 30 patients were followed up. Metastatic involvement of the lymph nodes with morphohistochemical signs typical for the first type of immune response was found to occur in 2 of 14 cases, in 12 of 20 cases according to the second and in 4 of 16 cases according to the third one. If the group comprising 8 patients with activization of the regional immune protection according to the cell type showed an average survival of 8.7 months, in 22 patients with a predominance of the 2-4 types of regional immune reactions a shorter survival was noted, on average 5.1, 4.3 and 0.7 months correspondingly.

[Characteristics of the course of peritonitis in oncological patients]. / K osobennostiam techeniia peritonita u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

Among 16 patients admitted into the Volynsk oncological dispensary with far-advanced tumors of the stomach and colon, the tumor perforation was recognized prior to surgery only in a half of the cases. Despite marked local proliferation and distant metastases there may be a pronounced pain syndrome. The absence of parallelism between the moment of intestinal content getting into the abdominal cavity and the protective reaction of the anterior abdominal wall musculature was characteristic of these patients. While the symptoms of peritoneal irritation in perforated gastric cancer can be recognized within the period up to 2 hours, the perforation of rectal cancer is frequently not accompanied with peritoneal signs. Among gastric cancer patients the perforation was diagnosed within 6 hours in six cases. The time of recognition of perforated cancer of the transverse colon and rectum was 15--16 hours.