[Birth defects on Chernobyl radionuclide polluted territories].

147318 pregnancy outcomes were analyzed in Zhytomyrska Oblast during 2000-2010; the descriptive analysis was performed. The frequency of birth defects was estimated among newborns, still-born babies and abortions due to genetic disorders of a fetus on "clean" and polluted territories. There was an increase of all birth defects on the polluted territories; among newborns it was (26.10 ± 0.80) per thousand and (24.23 ± 0.47) per thousand, p < 0.05; among newborns and still-born babies it was (26.54 ± 0.81) per thousand and (24.78 ± 0.48) per thousand, p < 0.06. The increase in the birth defects of the nervous system was detected: among newborns it was (1.09 ± 0.17) per thousand and (0.75 ± 0.08) per thousand, p < 0.05; among newborns and still-born babies it was (1.22 ± 0.18) per thousand and (0.81 ± 0.09) per thousand, p. < 0.05; among newborns, still-born babies and genetically caused abortions it was 2.76 ± 0.26) per thousand and (2.34 ? 0.15) per thousand, p = 0.165. Χ2 criteria confirmed the difference between the frequency of birth defects on "clean" and polluted territories. Estimation by Bayes did not confirm the hypothesis about the difference between the frequency of birth defects on "clean" and polluted territories. Endocrine diseases were confirmed to be an important factor of the origin of birth defects, which is important for planning pregnancy on both polluted and "clean" territories.

[The possibilities of congenital pathology primary prophylaxis as responsibility of general practitioner in Ukraine].

UNLABELLED: The aim was to study some tendencies of congenital pathology primary prophylaxis in context of Governmental measures and general practitioner's activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The information basis of investigation was made up from foreign and home publications, lawmaking documents and data of questioners. Questioners were filled in by doctors who obtained general practitioner qualification (152 persons). The questioner contained information about sex, age, marital status of future general practitioners. It also contained questions about progress in studies at Medical University, healthy way of life maintenance during pregnancy, understanding of possibility to prevent child birth with congenital malformation, ways of congenital malformations prophylaxis in general practitioner's activity. RESULTS: System approaches to congenital pathology burden reduce started forming. State possibilities are not applied effectively in congenital pathology primary prophylaxis. Doctors who obtain general practitioner qualification understand the importance of healthy way of life and medical and genetic consultation for birth child with congenital malformations preventing. Future general practitioners consider that it is possible to carry out complex of steps for decreasing congenital pathology burden. SUMMARY: It is impossible to carry out special congenital malformations prophylaxis programs because of economic situation in Ukraine. At the same time some results could be achieved due to professional activity of general practitioners and carrying out specific preventive measures on the way to decrease of congenital malformations burden.