RESUMO
Dynamics of radiation situation in settlements, agriculture and forestry on the Russian Federation areas af- fected by the Chernobyl accident is presented. A set of challenging problems on public radiation protection and rehabilitation of territories was determined. The main objective at a long-term period after the accident is a stage-wise return of the affected areas to normal activity without any radiological criteria restrictions. For practical realization of this process it is necessary to change the national statutes and regulations consid- ering the contemporary international approaches, to pass to the current exposure situation and to establish reference levels, to define criteria of transition of the areas affected after the Chernobyl accident to normal activity. The change of conceptual approaches will allow one to revise the boundaries of settlement zoning and to develop the regulatory framework on procedures of changing their status from radioactively contami- nated zone to normal activity zone; to develop the regulatory framework on the procedures of transition of agricultural and forest lands classified as radioactively contaminated zones to territories where the traditional husbandry is possible. The Russian Federation has positive experience of transition of areas contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl accident to normal activity.
Assuntos
Acidente Nuclear de Chernobyl , Contaminação Radioativa de Alimentos/prevenção & controle , Monitoramento de Radiação/métodos , Proteção Radiológica/métodos , Agricultura , Radioisótopos de Césio/toxicidade , Descontaminação/métodos , Exposição Ambiental/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Doses de Radiação , Liberação Nociva de Radioativos , Federação Russa , UcrâniaRESUMO
The results of the contamination monitoring of the agricultural land and products in 2000-2005 in the regions of Russia affected by the Chernobyl accident are presented. The contribution is assessed of foodstuffs to the formation of internal exposure doses to the population during the long-term after the accident. Prediction is made of the change in the radioecological situation in radioactively contaminated areas.
Assuntos
Radioisótopos de Césio/análise , Acidente Nuclear de Chernobyl , Ecologia , Exposição Ambiental , Contaminação Radioativa de Alimentos , Poluentes Radioativos do Solo/análise , Agricultura , Animais , Monitoramento Ambiental , Prognóstico , Monitoramento de Radiação , Proteção Radiológica , República de Belarus , Federação RussaRESUMO
The effectiveness of countermeasures on private farms in rural settlements of the Russian Federation affected by the Chernobyl accident for the period of 1986-2005 was assessed. The averted collective doses to the residents of these settlements and the contribution of restrictive and agricultural countermeasures to dose reduction in the rural population have been estimated.
Assuntos
Acidente Nuclear de Chernobyl , Setor Privado , Lesões por Radiação/prevenção & controle , Monitoramento de Radiação/métodos , Proteção Radiológica/métodos , Proteção Radiológica/normas , População Rural , Humanos , Doses de Radiação , Federação RussaRESUMO
Radiological results were evaluated from the introduction of protective agricultural measures in the collective sector of the agroindustrial complex in the Chernobyl affected areas for the period of 1987-2005. The averted collective doses due to the reduction of 137Cs concentration in farm products were estimated, including the contribution to the averted collective dose of different food stuffs consumption.
