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1.
Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi ; 53(5): 358-362, 2017 May 11.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28494564

RESUMO

Objective: To observe and analyze related factors of neonatal asphyxia complicated with retinal hemorrhage. Methods: It was a retrospective case series. Seven hundred and twenty-one cases with neonatal asphyxia after 72 hours of birth were enrolled in this study. Fundus examination was performed on these newborns using the third generation wide-angle digital retina imaging system (RetCamⅢ), and the bleeding level was divided into level I, level Ⅱ and level Ⅲ. The conditions of the newborn and the mother during pregnancy were correlatively analyzed. The other factors were also analyzed including delivery mode, birth weight, gestational age, gender, grade of neonatal asphyxia, scalp hematoma, intracranial hemorrhage, fetal intrauterine distress, mother's age and antenatal complications. Single factor χ(2) test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to screen and judge risk factors causing retinal hemorrhage related to neonatal asphyxia. Results: In 721 cases of neonatal asphyxia, retinal hemorrhage was found in 204 newborns (28.29%). The hemorrhage was at level Ⅰ in 77 cases (37.75%) , at level Ⅱ in 38 cases (18.63%) and at level Ⅲ in 89 cases (43.63%) . Four cases also had vitreous hemorrhage. Asphyxia was mild in 673 infants (93.34%) and severe in 48 infants (6.66%). The difference in the degree of retinal hemorrhage between the patients with mild and severe asphyxia was significant (χ(2)=22.336, P=0.000). When asphyxia was aggravated, the degree of retinal hemorrhage increased. Relative factors analysis showed that delivery mode (χ(2)=158.643, P<0.05), gestational age (χ(2)=24.522, P<0.05), birth weight (χ(2)=11.916, P<0.05) and grade of neonatal asphyxia (χ(2)=19.809, P<0.05) had correlations with retinal hemorrhage. Logistic regression analysis indicated that grade of neonatal asphyxia and delivery mode were risk factors of retinal hemorrhage in neonatal asphyxia (OR=0.304, 0.085). Conclusion: The incidence of retinal hemorrhage in neonatal asphyxia was 28.29%. The degree of neonatal asphyxia and delivery mode may play roles in the occurrence of retinal hemorrhage in newborns with asphyxia. With aggravation of asphyxia, the degree of retinal hemorrhage may increase. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2017, 53: 358-362).


Assuntos
Asfixia Neonatal/complicações , Hemorragia Retiniana/etiologia , Peso ao Nascer , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Parto Obstétrico/efeitos adversos , Parto Obstétrico/métodos , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , Análise de Regressão , Hemorragia Retiniana/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
2.
J Pharm Sci ; 85(7): 745-8, 1996 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8819000

RESUMO

Diazepam (1), a hypnotic and anxiolytic drug in worldwide use, formed an intermediate product in a mixture of ethanol and sodium hydroxide ([NaOH] > or = 1 M). The intermediate product slowly decomposed to form 2-(methylamino)-5-chlorobenzophenone imine (2) and 2-(methylamino)-5-chlorobenzophenone (3). The amount of 2 formed, relative to that of 3, increased with increasing NaOH concentration. Compound 2, a heretofore unknown derivative of 1, was characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet-visible absorption, mass, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectral analyses.


Assuntos
Benzofenonas/metabolismo , Diazepam/metabolismo , Catálise , Hidrólise , Cinética , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta , Água/química
3.
J Pharm Sci ; 83(11): 1543-7, 1994 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7891271

RESUMO

Temazepam (TMZ), a hypnotic and anxiolytic drug, underwent hydrolysis in simulated gastric fluid (SGF; pH 1.2). The hydrolysis reaction of TMZ in acetonitrile:SGF (1:19 v/v) at 37 degrees C was an apparent first-order reaction, with a half-life of 5.47 +/- 0.17 h (i.e., approximately 12% of the remaining TMZ was hydrolyzed per hour). The predominant hydrolysis product (2'-benzoyl-4'-chloro-N-methyl-2-amino-2-hydroxyacetanilide) and a minor hydrolysis product [2-(methylamino)-5-chlorobenzophenone], derived from acid-catalyzed reaction of TMZ in an aqueous solution, were characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption mass, infrared, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra analyses. The kinetics of the hydrolysis reaction were studied as a function of acid concentration, temperature, and ionic strength and in deuterated solvent. Results indicated that the predominant hydrolysis reaction at pH approximately pKa (1.46) was caused by protonation at N4, followed by a nucleophilic attack by water at C5 of the C5-N4 iminium ion and a subsequent ring-opening reaction. Pharmacological activity tests in mice indicated that the predominant hydrolysis product of TMZ was inactive. The results suggest that a fraction of an orally taken TMZ may be inactivated by hydrolysis in the highly acidic gastric fluid.


Assuntos
Estômago/química , Temazepam/química , Temazepam/farmacologia , Animais , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Hidrólise , Cinética , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Camundongos , Pentobarbital/farmacologia , Pentilenotetrazol/antagonistas & inibidores , Pentilenotetrazol/farmacologia , Sono/efeitos dos fármacos , Espectrofotometria Infravermelho , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta
4.
J Nat Prod ; 55(6): 707-22, 1992 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1522417

RESUMO

Alkaloids of a new class are present in skin extracts of the dendrobatid poison frog, Minyobates bombetes, of Colombia. The structure of the major alkaloid of this class, 251F, has been determined as a trimethylcyclopenta[b]quinolizidinemethanol 1 by nmr, gc-Ft-ir, and ms studies including ms-ms. At least nine congeners of 251F were detected in these extracts.


Assuntos
Alcaloides/análise , Anuros/metabolismo , Alcaloides/química , Animais , Colômbia , Espectrometria de Massas , Pele/química
5.
Yao Xue Xue Bao ; 26(11): 846-51, 1991.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1823979

RESUMO

A novel sesquiterpene lactone, versicolactone A, with 12-carbon ring skeleton, was isolated from the roots of Aristolochia versicolar S. M. Hwang. Versicolactone A, C15H20O2, colorless prisms, mp 130-132 degrees C, [alpha]6D +486 degrees (c 0.1276, CHCl3). Its structure was established by spectroscopic methods, mainly 2D-NMR (1H-1H COSY, 1H-13C COSY, COLOC), HRMS and metastable ion measurement.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Sesquiterpenos/química , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , Células Tumorais Cultivadas/efeitos dos fármacos
6.
Anal Chem ; 62(22): 2494-501, 1990 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2270868

RESUMO

The mass spectra of three peroxides related to artemisinin (1) are compared in nine different ionization modes. Ion trap mass spectrometry (MS/MS) spectra reveal numerous pathways for the electron impact (EI) decompositions. In the EI mode, the best spectra are obtained by using the ion trap mass spectrometer at low temperatures. Loss of oxygen is observed with the other EI spectrometers, suggesting catalytic decomposition in the ion source. Methane positive and negative chemical ionization (CI) spectra show considerable fragmentation, while isobutane CI spectra show only (M + H)+ for 1 and (M + H - H2O)+ for dihydroartemisinin (2) and (3). An unusually abundant (2M + H)+ is observed for 1 in both positive-ion plasma desorption and fast atom bombardment mass spectra.


Assuntos
Artemisininas , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Sesquiterpenos/análise
7.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom ; 4(4): 103-7, 1990 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2134341

RESUMO

A "key-sequence" procedure is presented for the automated tandem mass spectrometric analysis of compounds on a Finnigan ion-trap mass spectrometer. This allows fragmentation pathways of a range of masses or even a complete spectrum to be prepared automatically, obviating the tiresome preparation and optimization of individual scan-editor files. The procedure is limited by the speed of the driving computer; an "IBM-AT", for example, permits more than 10 mass units to be scanned per minute. It is calibrated with perfluorotributylamine and methyl stearate is used to demonstrate its results. The Finnigan ion-trap "programming option" is necessary for implementation of the procedure.


Assuntos
Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Espectrometria de Massas/instrumentação
8.
Planta Med ; 56(1): 129-30, 1990 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17221388
9.
Yao Xue Xue Bao ; 25(7): 534-7, 1990.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2085132

RESUMO

Essential oil from the rhizome of Cyclorhiza waltonii was obtained by steam distillation. The chemical components of the oil were examined by means of capillary gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass selective detector with HP-5 and Carbowax 20M stationary phases. Fifteen constituents of the oil were identified. The content of each component identified was determined by area normalization method. Of these, the content of ten compounds was higher than 2%. They are: alpha-pinene, sabinene, alpha-therpinene, p-cymene, beta-phellandrene, gamma-terpinene, terpinolene, terpineo-4-ol, cis-caryophyllene, duryl aldehyde and isoduryl aldehyde. The oil was found to compose of almost all the types of volatile composition, i.e., not only monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes but also alcohols and aldehydes. Duryl aldehyde and isoduryl aldehyde are not common in volatile oils.


Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Monoterpenos , Óleos Voláteis/química , Benzaldeídos/análise , Monoterpenos Bicíclicos , Cimenos , Terpenos/análise
10.
Yao Xue Xue Bao ; 24(5): 357-9, 1989.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2609970

RESUMO

A new sesquiterpene lactone named gweicurculactone, along with beta-sitosterol, germacrone, daucosterin and palmitic acid, was isolated from Curcuma kwangsiensis. Its structure has been confirmed by means of spectral and X-ray diffraction analysis.


Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/análise , Lactonas/isolamento & purificação , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Azulenos , Fenômenos Químicos , Química , Conformação Molecular
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