[Pavel I. Emdin: Biography without blank spots]. / Pavel Iosifovich Emdin Biografiya neirokhirurga bez belykh pyaten.

The authors present the career of Professor Pavel I. Emdin as one of the pioneers of Russian neurosurgery. Archive documents, biography and scientific articles are analyzed. The merit of Pavel I. Emdin as an organizer of national health care is «armament¼ of neuropathologists with surgical methods of treatment. He created the first in Russia Department of Nervous Diseases with clinics of neurology and neurosurgery at the Don University in Rostov-on-Don. He created the Rostov school of neurosurgeons, whose representatives continued the work of their teacher in various regions of the Soviet Union. Professor Pavel I. Emdin is a bright figure in the galaxy of Russian and Soviet neuropathologists and neurosurgeons with outstanding organizational and professional qualities regarding development of neurosurgery in our country.

[Professor Veniamin M. Ugriumov (To the 110th anniversary of birth)]. / Professor Veniamin Mikhailovich Ugryumov. K 110-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya.

The authors claim four milestones of V.M. Ugriumov's career - time spent twice in Moscow, Saratov, and Leningrad. In Moscow, V.M. Ugriumov evolved as an N.N. Burdenko disciple and later as deputy director of Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute. Ugriumov's life and career in Saratov was the least studied part of his biography, and the authors used archive documents of various origins to investigate and describe them. As a result, the new scope of text and photo files was introduced into the scholarly discourse. It was in Saratov where V.M. Ugriumov designed his original neurosurgery studies, laid the groundwork for the development of Saratov neurosurgery school, and brought his management and teaching talents to light. Later, in Leningrad, Professor V.M. Ugriumov proved to be a remarkable neurosurgeon, physiologist, science, and healthcare manager.

[The Institutionalization of Traumatology and Orthopedics in Russia].

The article considers process of institutionalization of Russian traumatology and orthopedics. It is demonstrated that process of institutionalization goes on in undulating manner takes in average about 50 years, from the moment of statement of a question to ultimate assignment of specialty of traumatology and orthopedics, organization of institutes and chairs of traumotology and orthopedics with alternation of dominance of ducens- and mandate model. On the basis of developed criteria chronological clusters and periods. The selection of traumatology and orthopedics into independent field was related not to a transition to a new stage of development of science but to general process of increasing of differentiation and specialization in medicine.

Light-induced antibacterial activity of electrospun chitosan-based material containing photosensitizer.

Increasing antimicrobial resistance requires the development of novel materials and approaches for treatment of various infections. Utilization of photodynamic therapy represents an advanced alternative to antibiotics and metal-based agents. Here, we report the fabrication of electrospun material that possesses benefits of both topical antimicrobial and photodynamic therapies. This material combines chitosan, as a biocompatible polymer, and a second generation photosensitizer. The incorporation of photosensitizer doesn't affect the material morphology and its nearly uniform distribution in fibers structure was observed by confocal Raman microscopy. Owing to photosensitizer the prepared material exhibits the light-induced and spatially limited antimicrobial activity that was demonstrated against Staphylococcus aureus, an important etiological infectious agent. Such material can be potentially used in antibacterial therapy of chronic wounds, infections of diabetic ulcers, and burns, as well as rapidly spreading and intractable soft-tissue infections caused by resistant bacteria.

[Certain aspects of diagnostic of osteopenia syndrome in traumatology and orthopedics.]

The osteopenia syndrome characterizing by progressing decrease of bone tissue mass and lowering of its strength due to damage of its micro-architectonics counts in the most significant medical social diseases. The timely detection of disorders of bone tissue remodeling is a complicated diagnostic task as far as laboratory diagnostic of osteo-deficiency conditions is based on finding indirect indices of bone tissue metabolism. The instrumental methods of evaluation of condition of bone structures provide no possibility to detect their early damages and to manage dynamic observation of implemented anti-resorption therapy. The study was carried out to develop complex approaches to laboratory instrumental diagnostic of osteo-deficiency conditions. The comprehensive laboratory instrumental examination of patients with deforming osteoarthritis of hip joint including evaluation of bone tissue mineral density, indices of calcium phosphorus metabolism, markers of bone resorption and bone formation, activity of inflammation process. The study established activation of bone resorption and inhibition of bone formation in patients with high activity of inflation process.

[IN VIVO EVALUATION OF POLYCAPROLACTONE-HYDROXYAPATITE SCAFFOLD BIOCOMPATIBILITY].

Biocompatibility is one of the main and very important properties for scaffolds. The aim of the present study was to investigate cells population dynamics in vivo in the process of original polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite scaffold colonization, as well as tissue reactions to the implantation to assess the biocompatibility of the matrix. It has been found that tissue reactive changes in white rats subside completely up to the 21st day after subcutaneous polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite scaffold implantation. Matrix was actively colonized by connective tissue cells in the period from the 7th to the 21st day of the experiment. However, intensive scaffold vascularization started from the 14th day after implantation. These findings suggest a high degree of the polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite scaffold biocompatiblilitye.

[The effect of the biopolymer chondroitin sulfate on reparative regeneration of connective tissue].

The research objective is a study of an intra-articular method of introduction of the preparation "mukosat" for stimulation of reparative regeneration of connective tissue of knee joints in rabbits with an experimental arthritis. It is ascertained that intra-articular maintenance of chondroitin sulfate (the preparation "mukosat") acts as a stimulus for reparative regeneration of connective tissue thus showing up positive changes in the status of connective tissue elements of joints: decrease in glycosaminoglycan content in blood serum and normalization of the composition of glycosaminoglycan carbohydrate component. It probably depends on stimulation of biosynthesis of autologous normal glycosaminoglycans in tissues of animal knee joints.

[Vascular endothelial Barrier Function].

Endothelium is an important regulator of selective permeability of the vascular wall for different molecules and cells. This review summarizes current data on endothelial barrier function. Endothelial glycocalyx structure, its function and role in the molecular transport and leukocytes migration across the endothelial barrier are discussed. The mechanisms of transcellular transport of macromolecules and cell migration through endothelial cells are reviewed. Special section of this article addresses the structure and function of tight and adherens endothelial junction, as well as their importance for the regulation of paracellular transport across the endothelial barrier. Particular attention is paid to the signaling mechanism of endothelial barrier function regulation and the factors that influence on the vascular permeability.