Assuntos
Eritema Ab Igne , Eritema , Humanos , Eritema/etiologia , Eritema/patologia , Temperatura AltaRESUMO
Objetivos: El cáncer cutáneo (melanoma y no melanoma) es el tumor más frecuente del ser humano, siendo el melanoma el más agresivo. Dado que la exposición a la radiación ultravioleta (UV) es el único factor etiológico modificable, la fotoprotección es una medida preventiva primordial. Con estos fundamentos, se realizó una investigación cuyo objetivo principal fue comparar tres grupos poblacionales con distintos niveles de conocimiento sobre fotoprotección para conocer si existen diferencias en hábitos de exposición solar y grado de concienciación de los efectos perjudiciales del sol sobre la piel. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional transversal realizado mediante una encuesta entre octubre y diciembre de 2015 a 317 universitarios españoles con edades entre 18 y 25años. Se emplearon medidas estadísticas descriptivas y el test de chi-cuadrado. Resultados: Se realizaron seis preguntas para evaluar los hábitos de exposición solar. Se detectaron diferencias significativas en dos de ellas: autoexamen periódico de lunares (p<0,001) y empleo de factor de protección adecuado (p=0,025). Respecto al nivel de conocimientos, se realizaron cinco preguntas, encontrándose diferencias en todos los casos (p<0,001). Conclusiones: Tener más conocimientos sobre los riesgos de la exposición solar solo mejoró dos de los seis hábitos cuestionados sobre exposición solar. Probablemente existen otros factores que influyen en esta conducta, como los factores estéticos o socioculturales. La prevención temprana del cáncer de piel es fundamental, y es necesario establecer programas de promoción de la salud que tengan en cuenta estos otros condicionantes
Objectives: Skin cancer (melanoma and non-melanoma) is the most common cancer in humans, with melanoma being the most aggressive. Due to the fact that ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure is the only adjustable aetiological factor, UV protection is the essential preventive measure. Based on these grounds, a study was conducted in order to compare three population groups with different levels of knowledge about UV protection, as well as to determine any differences in sun exposure habits, and the level of awareness of the damaging effects of the sun on the skin. Materials and methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire survey of 317 Spanish university students aged 18-25years old, between October and December 2015. Descriptive statistics methods and Pearson's Chi-squared were used. Results: Six questions were used to evaluate the sun exposure habits. Significant differences were detected in two of them: mole self-assessment (P<.001) and the use of an appropriate sun protection factor (P=.025). Five questions were asked concerning the level of knowledge about UV protection, with differences (P<.001) being found in all cases. Conclusions: Despite having more knowledge about the risks of sun exposure in the medical dermatology students group, only two of the six habits questioned were improved. Other factors that could be involved are the aesthetic or sociocultural factors. The early prevention of skin cancer is essential, with health promotion programs needing to be established that take into account all these conditions
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Melanoma/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias Cutâneas/prevenção & controle , Estudantes de Medicina/psicologia , Atividade Solar , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos , Estudos Transversais , Hábitos , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Educação em Saúde/métodos , Promoção da Saúde , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Skin cancer (melanoma and non-melanoma) is the most common cancer in humans, with melanoma being the most aggressive. Due to the fact that ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure is the only adjustable aetiological factor, UV protection is the essential preventive measure. Based on these grounds, a study was conducted in order to compare three population groups with different levels of knowledge about UV protection, as well as to determine any differences in sun exposure habits, and the level of awareness of the damaging effects of the sun on the skin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire survey of 317 Spanish university students aged 18-25years old, between October and December 2015. Descriptive statistics methods and Pearson's Chi-squared were used. RESULTS: Six questions were used to evaluate the sun exposure habits. Significant differences were detected in two of them: mole self-assessment (P<.001) and the use of an appropriate sun protection factor (P=.025). Five questions were asked concerning the level of knowledge about UV protection, with differences (P<.001) being found in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: Despite having more knowledge about the risks of sun exposure in the medical dermatology students group, only two of the six habits questioned were improved. Other factors that could be involved are the aesthetic or sociocultural factors. The early prevention of skin cancer is essential, with health promotion programs needing to be established that take into account all these conditions.
