Effect of Lewis acidity on the synthesis of RuHCl(CO)(phosphine)(2): subtle influence of steric and electronic effects among P(i)Pr(3), P(i)Pr(2)(3,5-(CF(3))(2)C(6)H(3)), and P(i)Pr(2)Me.

To evaluate the influence of steric, electronic, and synthetic factors, the synthesis of RuHCl(CO)[P(i)Pr(2)(3,5-(CF(3))(2)C(6)H(3))](2) was carried out, and its Lewis acidity toward Cl- was compared to that of RuHCl(CO)(P(i)Pr(3))(2). In this synthesis, Na(2)CO(3) was shown to be a more effective base than NEt(3), because Na+ can better mask the nucleophilicity of the potential ligand Cl-. An X-ray structure determination of the hydride-free species RuCl(2)(CO)(P(i)Pr(2)Me)(2) shows it to be a dimer, and this solid-state structure persists in solution, but as several different isomers. The synthesis of RuHCl(CO)(P(i)Pr(2)Me)(3) shows that three of this smaller phosphine can crowd around Ru, but dynamic NMR spectra show one phosphine to be weakly bound. The rate of reaction of Me(3)SiC(triple bond)CH with this molecule is suppressed by added free P(i)Pr(2)Me, indicating phosphine dissociation to be a mechanistic component.

Regioselective cyclization of alpha,omega-alkynoic acids catalysed by TpRu complexes: synthesis of endocyclic enol lactones [Tp = hydrotris(pyrazolyl)borate].

The sigma-enynyl complex [TpRu(C(Ph)=C(Ph)C identical to CPh)(P-MeiPr2)] efficiently catalyses the regioselective cyclization of alpha,omega-alkynoic acids to yield endocyclic enol lactones having ring size up to 12 atoms.

[A study on anti-infective agent self-medication in 2 pharmacy offices]. / Estudio sobre automedicación de antiinfecciosos en dos oficinas de farmacia.

OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyse the demand for unprescribed drugs against infections in two pharmacy departments, as a first step towards constructing closer cooperation between primary care physicians, chemists from the pharmacy service and chemists from a pharmacy department. DESIGN: A descriptive and prospective study based on observation. SITE. This study was carried out at two pharmacy departments: the Embajadores Health Centre and the pharmacy service of the hospital to which patients were referred from Embajadores. PATIENTS AND PARTICIPANTS: The target population were all those patients who requested a drug to combat infection in the pharmacy departments during the six months of the study (July to December, 1991). MAIN MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: A total of 186 requests without a prescription for drugs to combat infection was recorded. The profile of those so requesting was of an almost equal number for men and women between 31 and 50 years old. The main reasons behind the requests were throat, dental and urinary-genital infections. The consumption of drug per category of illness was, from greater to lesser, penicillin, sulfamides, urinary chemotherapies, tetracyclines, macrolides and cephalosporins. CONCLUSIONS: Although there appears to be consistency between the drug infection requested and the reason for requesting it, some health education activities aimed at the general population need to be organised, in order to raise awareness of the use and abuse of antibiotics.