RESUMO
BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 has caused a high mortality in institutionalised individuals. There are very few studies on the involvement and the real impact of COVID-19 in nursing homes. This study analysed factors related to morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in institutionalised elderly people. METHODS: This cohort study included 842 individuals from 12 nursing homes in Sant Cugat del Vallès (Spain) from 15 March to 15 May 2020. We evaluated individual factors (demographic, dependence, clinical, and therapeutic) and those related to the nursing homes (size and staff) associated with infection and mortality by SARS-CoV-2. Infection was diagnosed by molecular biology test. RESULTS: Of the 842 residents included in the analysis, 784 underwent a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test; 74.2% were women, the mean age was 87.1 years, and 11.1% died. The PCR test was positive in 44%. A total of 33.4% of the residents presented symptoms compatible with COVID-19 and of these, 80.9% were PCR-positive for SARS-CoV-2. Infection by SARS-CoV-2 among residents was associated with the rate of staff infected in the homes. Mortality by SARS-CoV-2 was related to male sex and a greater grade of dependence measured with the Barthel index. CONCLUSIONS: SARS-Cov-2 infection in institutionalised people is associated with the infection rate in nursing home workers and mortality by SARS-Cov-2 with sex and greater dependency according to the Barthel index. Adequate management of nursing home staff and special attention to measures of infection control, especially of individuals with greater dependence, are keys for successful management of future pandemic situations.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Morbidade , Fatores de Risco , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
OBJETIVO: Mejorar los conocimientos de la población sobre hábitos cardiosaludables mediante un programa de formación complementado por una Web y actividades comunitarias. DISEÑO: Ensayo clínico controlado donde la intervención es la participación en el Aula de Formación en Salud Cardiovascular (AFSC). Emplazamiento: Población de 80.000 habitantes. Participantes: Pacientes, ambos sexos, 55-70 años, con al menos un factor de riesgo cardiovascular (RCV). Intervención: El grupo intervención estaba formado por los pacientes que participaron en el AFSC. La intervención constaba de un curso presencial de 20 h en el que se ofrecía una Web de apoyo y se organizaban actividades complementarias. Las clases fueron impartidas por 3 enfermeras de atención primaria. Mediciones principales: La variable principal fue el conocimiento sobre el RCV. Variables secundarias: edad, sexo, factores de RCV, estilos de vida, visitas a los centros, consumo farmacéutico, adherencia terapéutica y satisfacción con el programa. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron los datos de los pacientes de los 10 primeros cursos (n = 150). Se observa una mejora estadísticamente significativa en el conocimiento general sobre el RCV en el GI (de 87,3 al 100%) respecto al GC (84,5 al 92,7%), p < 0,001 y una mejora en la actividad física (GI: del 71,2 al 83,1% frente GC: del 72,6 al 78,2%), p = 0,05. El número de visitas totales en atención primaria (medicina y enfermería) disminuyó más en el GI que en el GC. La valoración del curso ha sido elevada. CONCLUSIONES: Se demuestra la efectividad de esta experiencia para mejorar conocimientos sobre salud cardiovascular y algunos hábitos de vida saludable
OBJECTIVE: To improve the knowledge of the population about heart-healthy habits through a training program supplemented by a web site and community activities. DESIGN: A controlled clinical trial with intervention done through participation in the Cardiovascular Health Training Classroom (CHTC) Location: A town of 80,000 inhabitants. Participants: Patients: both sexes, aged 55 to 70 years, with at least one cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF). Intervention: The intervention group (IG) consisted of patients who participated in the CHTC. Intervention was carried out through a 20-hour presential group course in which a support web site was offered and complementary activities were organized. Classes were taught by three Primary Care nurses. Main measurements: The primary endpoint was knowledge of CVRF. The secondary variables were age, sex, CVRF, lifestyle, visits to health centers, pharmaceutical use adherence, and satisfaction with the program. RESULTS: Data from patients in the first 10 courses (n = 150) were evaluated. A statistically significant improvement was observed in overall knowledge of CVRF in the IG (87.3% to 100%) compared with control group (GC) (84.5% to 92.7%), p<.001, as well as an improvement in physical activity is (IG: 71.2% to 83.1% versus CG: 72.6% to 78.2%), p=.05. The total number of Primary Care visits (medical and nursing) decreased in the IG more than in the CG. The satisfaction rate of the course was very high. CONCLUSIONS: This experience is effective in improving cardiovascular health knowledge and promoting some healthy habits
Assuntos
Humanos , Informação de Saúde ao Consumidor/organização & administração , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Cooperação do Paciente , Atenção Primária à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Educação em Saúde/tendências , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/organização & administração , Avaliação de Resultado de Ações PreventivasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To improve the knowledge of the population about heart-healthy habits through a training program supplemented by a web site and community activities. DESIGN: A controlled clinical trial with intervention done through participation in the Cardiovascular Health Training Classroom (CHTC) LOCATION: A town of 80,000 inhabitants. PATIENTS: both sexes, aged 55 to 70 years, with at least one cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF). INTERVENTION: The intervention group (IG) consisted of patients who participated in the CHTC. Intervention was carried out through a 20-hour presential group course in which a support web site was offered and complementary activities were organized. Classes were taught by three Primary Care nurses. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: The primary endpoint was knowledge of CVRF. The secondary variables were age, sex, CVRF, lifestyle, visits to health centers, pharmaceutical use adherence, and satisfaction with the program. RESULTS: Data from patients in the first 10 courses (n=150) were evaluated. A statistically significant improvement was observed in overall knowledge of CVRF in the IG (87.3% to 100%) compared with control group (GC) (84.5% to 92.7%), p<.001, as well as an improvement in physical activity is (IG: 71.2% to 83.1% versus CG: 72.6% to 78.2%), p=.05. The total number of Primary Care visits (medical and nursing) decreased in the IG more than in the CG. The satisfaction rate of the course was very high. CONCLUSIONS: This experience is effective in improving cardiovascular health knowledge and promoting some healthy habits.
