[Cardiovascular and metabolic effects in nebulizer therapy of bronchial asthma]. / Kardiovaskuliatornye i metabolicheskie éffekty pri nebulaizernoi terapii bol'nykh bronkhial'noi astmoi.

The aim of the study was examination of cardiovascular effects of nebulizer salbutamol (ventolin) therapy of bronchial asthma (BA). The efficiency of the drug was assessed in 38 BA patients by changes in clinical symptoms and rise of peak volume expiration rate. Before and after ventolin treatment (2.5-5 mg), measurements were made of central hemodynamics, microhemodynamics, cardiac arrhythmia, plasma electrolytes. The results of the tests indicate that nebulizer treatment with ventolin effectively and safely eliminates bronchoobstructive syndrome in BA patients. Systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, left ventricular end diastolic pressure, ventricular extrasystole declined, supraventricular extrasystole rose. Microcirculatory effects were both positive and negative. Plasma concentration of potassium ions reduced insignificantly.

[A functional-morphological study of the mucociliary system at stages in the disease in patients with chronic bronchitis]. / Funktsional'no-morfologicheskoe issledovanie mukotsiliarnoi sistemy na étapakh bolezni u bol'nykh khronicheskim bronkhitom.

Combined morpho-functional study of the mucociliary system in patients with chronic bronchitis at different stages of its development was made. Regional mucociliary clearance was evaluated by dynamic aerosol scintigraphy and electron microscopy. Radiography of bronchial biopsies was performed, rheological properties of bronchial content were also determined. Special characteristics of mucociliary main chains were established at each stage of chronic bronchitis development as well as depending on the type of bronchitis, bronchial tree level and phase of the disease. New hypothesis on chronic obstructive bronchitis genesis was substantiated.

[Mucociliary transport in patients with acute pneumonia]. / Sostoianie mukotsiliarnogo transporta u bol'nykh ostroi pnevmoniei.

Mucociliary transport (MCT) was investigated in 45 and 20 patients with acute focal and croupous pneumonia, respectively. MCT condition was assessed by its duration, adherence and surface tension of the sputum, water fractions. Early disease was characterized by mucociliary insufficiency as shown by longer M T duration, increased surface tension and adherence. Abnormal bronchial clearance resulted in reduced bronchial permeability. The above indices should be considered to administer early correction of the disorders.

[Content of free and bound water fractions and adhesion properties of sputum in patients with acute focal pneumonia]. / Soderzhanie svobodnoi i sviazannoi fraktsii vody i adgesionnye svoistva mokroty u bol'nykh ostrymi ochagovymi pnevmoniiami.

Dilatometry was used to measure the sputum content of free and bound water in 28 patients with acute focal pneumonias during the acute period of the disease and in the phase of remission. The adhesion properties of the sputum were studied in parallel. The status of the mucociliary defense system was assessed in terms of the time of excretion with the sputum of inhaled own hemoglobin. During the acute disease period, changes in tracheobronchial secretion were identified. They were manifested by high adhesion of the sputum, an increase in it of bound and a reduction of free water fractions. The rate of mucociliary transport was appreciably lowered. During remission, water fractions were found to be redistributed at the expense of the rise of free and decrease of bound ones. That was associated with a decrease of the adhesion properties of the sputum and normalization of mucociliary transport. Therefore, the measurement of water fractions in the sputum is an important diagnostic criterion for evaluation of the status of the mucociliary defense system.

[A method of determining the adhesive properties of sputum]. / Metodika opredeleniia adgezionnykh svoistv mokroty.

Adhesive characteristics of the sputum are assessed from adhesion to glass. The force and time of preliminary pressure on the tested material are not taken into consideration, nor is the rate of augmentation of the force directed to disruption of the adhesion contact. The strength of the adhesion contact was found directly depending on the force and time of preliminary pressure and inversely related to disrupting force augmentation rate. A conclusion is made on the necessity of stabilizing work schedules (in reference to the above parameters) for the standardization of the method.