[Risk factors and measures of prevention of infant mortality]. / Faktory riska i mery profilaktiki mladencheskoi smertnosti.

The authors analyze endo- and exogenous factors responsible for infant death during the first year of life. Biological anamnesis, conditions and life style were studied in 102 families which had infants dead during the first year of life. The data were collected by interviewing mothers and analyzing primary case histories of infants. Statistical processing of the results of social hygienic study distinguished 33 significant risk factors promoting infant death. Children born from mothers at a high risk of perinatal disease and in socially defective families are at a highest risk of neonatal death. Experience gained at pediatric health center No. 39 in Nizhnii Novgorod is described as the optimal structure of a territorial pediatric health center maximally realizing the measures aimed at prevention of neonatal mortality. This health center has a special department for infants, primary prevention center, and social public health service.

[Morbidity of young children depending on conditions of rearing]. / Zabolevaemost' detei rannego vozrasta v zavisimosti ot uslovii ikh vospitaniia.

Disease incidence among infants is analyzed from the consultation rate and data of medical check-ups of children at infant homes and day nurseries and of children brought up at home. The highest morbidity according to consultation rate was observed in infant homes: 4015.8 per 1000. However, the incidence of acute diseases notably decreased after a long stay of the infant in the collective body. Time course of disease incidence in other groups was different. The detected regularities should be taken into consideration when planning prophylactic measures.

[Work of a district pediatric service for young children: analysis, problems, solutions]. / Rabota uchastkovoi pediatricheskoi sluzhby s det'mi rannego vozrasta: analiz, problemy, resheniia.

The study data are provided on the volume of curative and preventive care for 1740 infants at the outpatient department and at home, an analysis is made of the working time spent by a district pediatrician in two polyclinics of Nizhniy Novgorod. It has been shown that most of his time is devoted to sick children. Practically no time is spent on follow-up group of children pertaining to the populations "at risk". To improve preventive work among children of the first three years of life it is proposed to establish departments for young children in the territorial children's polyclinics. The organization of these departments makes it possible to improve the main qualitative indicators of child health.

[Effectiveness of health services for young children in an outpatient department]. / Effektivnost' meditsinskogo obespecheniia detei v usloviiakh otdeleniia rannego vozrasta polikliniki.

The main indices are provided of the effectiveness of a new organisational form of health care delivery for children of the first three years of life--the department for young children. As a result of restructuring the services of the base polyclinics and establishing additional services, the volume and quality of followup care for young children have increased, the activities carried out within a family and populations at risk have improved. Morbidity according to the number of visits by children to the polyclinics was reduced by 17.3%.