[Epidemiologic aspects of bronchial carcinoma]. / Epidemioloski aspekti karcinoma bronha.

In Bosnia and Herzegovina incidence with average morbidity is 16, inhabitant per 100,000. There is permanent increase in incidence of bronchial cancer. Epidemiological risks influence on the increase of morbidity of this disease. According to the some research it was discovered that influence of smoking is an important factor when causing bronche-cancer. In 79.48% cases, patients are smokers, 5.12% are former smoker and only 15.13% of the patients have never smoked. Due the air-pollution in some industrial environments there is increase of cancer of bronchial.

[Postoperative contamination of wounds April-September 1992]. / Ispitivanje postoperativnih kontaminacija rana u periodu april-septembar 1992. godine.

In this paper we have analyzed random sample of 108 nosocomial infections at a surgical services of Clinical Center of University and a State Hospital in Sarajevo during april-september of 1992. The overall rate of nosocomial infections of postoperative wound was 69.45%. Gram negative bacterias were more frequently isolated then gram positive bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected at 20.37% of all wound infections, E coli and Klebsiella Sp. with 12.96%, and Staphylococcus pyogenes with 12.03%. Without a continuous germ control of the hospital flora no calculated antibiotic is possible. Pseudomonas has emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen and this suggest that the epidemiology of nosocomial infections differs from epidemics infections.

Evaluation of the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus cross-infection in a maternity hospital.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the hepatitis B infection risk in a university hospital of obstetrics and gynecology. SETTING: The University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Sarajevo, Yugoslavia. DESIGN: Staff members were divided into three groups: 73 doctors, 184 medical technicians working in delivery rooms, and 55 medical technicians working with postnatal care. The patients were 63 women, aged 17 to 39 years (mean = 26.11 years), pregnant for the first time and in the first stage of labor. Participants all had a negative history of hepatitis B and no known contact with the hepatitis B virus. RESULTS: The incidence of hepatitis B infections among physicians, technicians, and postnatal care technicians was 1.36%, 3.8%, and 3.6%, respectively. The incidence among patients was 4.76%. The daily infection risk varied between 1% and 17% of all deliveries. CONCLUSIONS: The risks of transmission of the hepatitis B virus to hospital workers in this setting is indeed high enough to make a case for hepatitis B vaccination in susceptible staff members. Even if vaccination of staff members is carried out, hygienic measures to prevent the transmission of bloodborne infection between patients and from patients to staff are of the utmost importance.

[The hygienic and epidemiologic importance of water disinfection in pools used for medical rehabilitation]. / Higijenski i epidemioloski znacaj dezinfekcije vode u bazenima za medicinsku rehabilitaciju.

The water in the medical rehabilitation pools has some specific features in respect to hygiene--and--epidemiological casualty, bringing to an increase of infection risks by many diseases. It presents a way to communicate carriers from one patient to another, and thus the risk of infection. Major infections communicated by pool water are the nose, mouth, ear and larynx infections, and all the other ones are only sporadic and of minor importance in the periods of passive epidemiological situations. Apart from the microbiological contaminations and chemical agents (nitrogenous compounds), the chemical parameters of water present important factors. Chlorine compounds used for water disinfection have their advantages and disadvantages, and their disinfection action is influenced by numerous factors.

[Relation between microbiological monitoring and the risk of hospital infection in obstetrical departments]. / Odnos izmedu ucestalosti mikrobioloskih kontrola i rizika hospitalnih infekcija na porodajnim odjeljenjima.

1. The increased microbiological control of the total work process at maternity wards enables the timely notice of the contamination location. 2. A direct result of such control is an improvement of hygienic-technological procedures, disinfection and sterilisation at maternity wards. 3. A favourable epidemiological situation was registered during a two-year period following the epidemic (1986-1987) caused by the Coxsackie B virus with respect to a two-year investigation period preceding the epidemic (1984-1985). 4. During the two-year investigation period preceding the epimic 1,942 microbiological controls were performed at the Ginealogical-Obstetrics Clinic in Sarajevo. During the same period following the epidemic 3.321 microbiological controls were performed which is an increase of 1.7 times. 5. Increased number of controls influenced the improvement of the hygienic regime, and the basic parameters were: decreased prevalence of dangerous bacteria species, increased number of sterile swabs and a decreased number of pathogenous isolates. 6. The evaluation of hygiene and epidemiological risk of the medical equipment based on isolated pathogenous carriers prior and after the epidemic shows a significant difference (P less than 0.01). 7. There is a significant statistical difference (P less than 0.01) concerning the hygienic conditions of working clothes with respect to isolated pathogenous carriers before and after the epidemic. 8. Increased microbiological supervision resulted in the elimination of risks associated with working and floor surfaces since findings during the 1986-1987. period in comparison with the 1984-1985. period show significant statistical results with respect to pathogenous isolates (P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)