Factors leading to dermatophytosis.

Tinea or dermatophytoses are of skin superficial and fungous infections affecting keratinized tissues such as hair, nail, and superficial layer of epidermis. This study aimed at evaluating some predisposing factors for tinea corporis, because elimination or treatment of them not only ceases spreading of the lesion but also prevents reinfection. In this descriptive cross-sectional study patients who were visited in Sina Hospital in Tabriz and had confirmed tinea corporis with direct fungal smear were selected. Other regarding were age, sex, occupation and predisposing factors. Of 76 confirmed cases, 46 (60.5%) were males and 30 (30.5%) were females. Tinea corporis was common in the third decade. The main predisposing factor was dry skin. Diabetes was found only in 4 (5.2%) patients. According to the results of the present research, xerosis was the most common factor leading to tinea corporis in these patients rather than diabetes or lymphoma that it's diagnosis, treatment and some simple educations may inhence improvement of tinea corporis and prevents other superficial infections too.

Frequency of autoimmune diseases in those suffering from vitiligo in comparison with normal population.

Vitiligo is more common in people with certain autoimmune diseases. Here we studied the association between vitiligo and autoimmune diseases. In this case control study, 86 patients with vitiligo were questioned about the location of vitiligo, family history, treatment and therapeutic response. All patients were examined both clinically and with laboratory tests to detect the presence of autoimmune disorders including autoimmune thyroid disease, pernicious anemia, insulin dependent diabetes, and Systemic Lupus Erythematic (SLE) and Addison disease. We compared the prevalence of autoimmune disorder in vitiligo patients with that in a group of age-and gender-matched normal population. Average age of disease onset was 21.8 +/- 11 years; 61% of patients were female and 39% were male. The most common locations of vitiligo were hands (33.7%) and face (32.1%). The most common pattern of onset was vulgaris type (40%). Nearly one-fourth of patients had a positive family history of vitiligo. Prevalence of thyroid disorders in vitiligo patients and control group was 21.1 and 7%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.008). The most common autoimmune disorder in patient with vitiligo was hypothyroidism. Family history had a poor prognostic effect on response to therapy.