RESUMO
Chemotherapeutic drugs play an important role in the treatment of cancer, but the individual differences of patients' sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs and the drug resistance of chemotherapeutic drugs have always been a thorny problem in clinical treatment. In recent years, with the progress in research on human microbiota, gut microbiome plays an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Studies have shown that gut microbiota can regulate the tumour microenvironment and affect the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy through a variety of mechanisms. This paper focuses on the specific mechanism that gut microbiota uses to influence chemotherapy and the potential therapeutic effect of supplementing with probiotics, to provide an important basis for individualised treatment strategies to be used when treating malignant tumours.