Construction of early warning classification of risk in bladder spasm and its intervention plans guided by the rate adjustment card of continuous bladder irrigation after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP): development and usability study.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common benign disease causing voiding dysfunction in middle-aged and elderly men. the current "gold standard" for surgical treatment is transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) is routinely given for 3 to 5 days after operation. However, this may induce bladder spasm. Bladder spasm not only brings physical and mental pain to patients, delaying the postoperative recovery process, but it also increases the medical economic burden. Therefore, it is important to take active measures to effectively warn and deal with bladder spasm. The color of the drainage fluid is an important indicator and requires close observation during CBI, as it can reflect real-time postoperative bleeding. When the color of drainage fluid is abnormal, effective measures should be undertaken. Grading nursing intervention divides patients into different conditions according to their possible changes, and then recommends targeted nursing intervention. Existing studies have formulated CBI programs from the perspective of quantifying the relationship between drainage fluid color and irrigation speed, but have yet to incorporate bladder spasm prevention and control levels or design corresponding grading nursing intervention programs according to different drainage fluid colors. This study aimed to construct the risk warning classification and intervention plan of bladder spasm under the guidance of CBI speed adjusting card after TURP. Methods: Based on the rate adjustment card of CBI after TURP, we formulated the first draft of an early warning classification of risk in bladder spasm and its intervention plans by combining methods suggested from a literature search with semi-structured interviews and results from 2 rounds of correspondence inquiries with 28 experts by the Delphi method. We further screened and revised grading standards and measures. Results: The positive coefficients of experts in 2 rounds of correspondence inquiries were both 100%, the authority coefficients were both 0.952, and the Kendall harmony coefficients were 0.238 and 0.326, respectively (P<0.01). In the second round of correspondence inquiries, the coefficient of variation of expert opinions was 0.000-0.154, and the coefficient of variation of all items was <0.25. Finally, a 3-level risk warning classification standard and 23 nursing measures for CBI complicated by bladder spasm was constructed. Conclusions: The early warning classification of risk in bladder spasm and its intervention plans guided by rate adjustment card of CBI after TURP are scientific and feasible, and can provide a basis and guidance for effective and standardized CBI in patients after TURP.

Greater Protection of Lower Dietary Carbohydrate to Fiber Ratio (CFR) against Poor Blood Pressure Control in Patients with Essential Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study.

(1) Background: Carbohydrate combined with dietary fiber (DF) applied as a surrogate marker of overall carbohydrate quality is a more essential determinant of cardiometabolic health. However, to date, no studies have applied this metric to analyze its associations with poor blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional design was implemented in one tertiary hospital and one community hospital in China. Using Feihua Nutrition Software to analyze participants' two-day dietary log, the quantity of carbohydrate and fiber was obtained and the carbohydrate to fiber ratio (CFR) was calculated. The participants were divided into Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups by quartile method, from low to high according to CFR. The poor systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) controls were defined as ≥140 mmHg and ≥90 mmHg, respectively. (3) Results: A convenience sample of 459 participants was included and the mean CFR was 29.6. Taking Q1 as reference, after adjusting for covariates, the CFR in Q4 was associated with higher poor SBP-controlled rate (OR, 4.374; 95% CI, 2.236-8.559). Taking Q2 as reference, after adjusting for covariates, the CFRs in Q3 and Q4 were associated with higher poor DBP-controlled rates [(OR = 1.964, 95% CI: 1.016-3.795) and (OR = 4.219, 95% CI: 2.132-8.637), respectively]. The CFR was the stronger protective determinant of SBP and DBP than DF or carbohydrate alone. (4) Conclusions: A higher CFR is a stronger risk factor for blood pressure (BP) control, and low CFR foods or a combination of corresponding food components, should be recommended in the dietary management of hypertensive patients.

The Beneficial Effect of a Healthy Dietary Pattern on Androgen Deprivation Therapy-Related Metabolic Abnormalities in Patients with Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials and Systematic Review.

Metabolic abnormalities as side effects of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) can accelerate progression of prostate cancer (PCa) and increase risks of cardiovascular diseases. A healthy dietary pattern (DP) plays an important role in regulating glycolipid metabolism, while evidence about DP on ADT-related metabolic abnormalities is still controversial. To explore the effect of DP on metabolic outcomes in PCa patients with ADT, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and CINAHL were searched from inception to 10 September 2022. Risk of biases was evaluated through Cochrane Collaboration's Tool. If heterogeneity was low, the fixed-effects model was carried out; otherwise, the random-effects model was used. Data were determined by calculating mean difference (MD) or standardized MD (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Nine studies involving 421 patients were included. The results showed that healthy DP significantly improved glycated hemoglobin (MD: −0.13; 95% CI: −0.24, −0.02; p = 0.020), body mass index (MD: −1.02; 95% CI: −1.29, −0.75; p < 0.001), body fat mass (MD: −1.78; 95% CI: −2.58, −0.97; p < 0.001), triglyceride (MD: −0.28; 95% CI: −0.51, −0.04; p = 0.020), systolic blood pressure (MD: −6.30; 95% CI: −11.15, −1.44; p = 0.010), and diastolic blood pressure (MD: −2.94; 95% CI: −5.63, −0.25; p = 0.030), although its beneficial effects on other glycolipid metabolic indicators were not found. Additionally, a healthy DP also lowered the level of PSA (MD: −1.79; 95% CI: −2.25, −1.33; p < 0.001). The meta-analysis demonstrated that a healthy DP could improve ADT-related metabolic abnormalities and be worthy of being recommended for PCa patients with ADT.

Construction of pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for patients undergoing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

Background: Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) is the standard treatment for early localized PCa, of which urinary incontinence is the most common postoperative complication. Pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training is recognized as the first line of intervention measures, but the existing rehabilitation training programs are not clear in the formulation process, the content is not unified, and the clinical operability is not strong. In order to better guide clinical pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training after LRP and prevent and control urinary incontinence, this study constructed a pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for LRP patients. Methods: Literature analysis, qualitative interview, and an expert group meeting method were used to form the draft of pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for LRP patients. On this basis, after 2 rounds of Delphi expert consultation, the research team modified and improved the program. Results: The consultation experts involved in the 2 rounds were the same, 15 questionnaires were sent out, and 15 were recovered with an effective recovery of 100%. The expert authority coefficient was 0.87. In the second round of consultation, Kendall's harmony coefficient was 0.14 (P<0.001), the mean coefficient of variation of expert opinion was 0.07 (P<0.001), and the mean value of importance assigned to each item was 4.53-5.00 points. Finally, the pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for LRR patients was formed. Including rehabilitation training evaluation, rehabilitation training advanced time and content, rehabilitation training form of three first-level indicators, 12 second-level indicators, 53 third-level indicators. Conclusions: The pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for LRP patients developed in this study is scientific, reliable, safe and feasible, which can provide reference for clinical pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training after LRP and prevention and control of urinary incontinence.

LINC00624/TEX10/NF-κB axis promotes proliferation and migration of human prostate cancer cells.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a malignant epithelial tumor with a high rate of biochemical or local recurrence. Studies have suggested that LINC00624 plays an important oncogenic role in liver cancer. However, whether it exerts similar effects in PCa progression remains unknown. In this study, we explored the effects of LINC00624 on the malignant progression of PCa and sought to identify the relevant signaling pathways. The results showed that LINC00624 was highly expressed in PCa tissues and cells and was associated with poor prognosis in PCa patients. In vitro and in vivo assays further showed that LINC00624 knockdown could decrease the proliferative and migratory ability of PCa cells. Mechanistically, we found that LINC00624 and TEX10 formed a co-regulatory axis that stimulated NF-κB activity. Our data suggest that LINC00624 acts as an oncogene in PCa progression and has potential as a novel biomarker for PCa.

Wide-range optical fiber temperature sensor based on up-conversion luminescent nanocrystals.

In this study, an optical fiber temperature sensor based on up-conversion luminescence (UCL) is proposed. The core part is a new plan of the sensing unit, which is constructed with UCL materials of NaYF4: Yb3+, Er3+ nanocrystals by fiber fusion technology to achieve a wide range of temperature measurements. Experimental results show that the proposed optical fiber temperature sensor shows significant spectrum-temperature characteristics in 80-373 K temperature range. Its relative sensitivities at low temperature and normal temperature are 2.2×10-3/K with a determination coefficient of 0.957 and 9.1×10-3/K with a determination coefficient of 0.994, respectively. This type of sensor also has good mechanical strength and system stability and shows great potential for development, particularly in the aerospace field with large temperature differences.

Construction of a nursing solution to prevent and control urinary tract infection in the early stages of kidney transplantation.

BACKGROUND: To construct a nursing solution for the prevention and control of urinary tract infection (UTI) in the early stage after kidney transplantation, and to provide systematic and standardized nursing intervention measures for patients in the early stage after kidney transplantation. METHODS: The preliminary draft of intervention plan was formulated based on risk factor analysis research results of early UTI after kidney transplantation, combined with theoretical research, literature review, and research group meeting. The Delphi method was used to consult 15 experts for two rounds, and the entries were modified according to the opinions of the experts. RESULTS: After two rounds of consultation, the expert opinions tended to be consistent, and expert authority coefficient was 0.87. The Kendall harmony coefficient of importance and feasibility indexes of the two rounds of consultation were 0.407, 0.651 and 0.545, 0.686, respectively, with statistically significant differences (P<0.001). The nursing solution consisted of eight first-level indexes and 35 second-level indexes. The eight first-level indexes included admission symptom evaluation, UTI monitoring, health education, sports intervention, nutrition intervention, ward management, risk factor prevention and nursing, and psychosocial intervention. CONCLUSIONS: This study constructed a scientific and reliable nursing solution for the prevention and control of early UTI after kidney transplantation, which is hugely important for guiding clinical nursing work.

Study of optical fiber cryogenic temperature sensor for quench detection of high temperature superconductors.

In this study, a new processing design of an optical fiber cryogenic temperature sensor (OFCTS) is presented. The sensing unit is constituted by NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+@NaYF4 core-shell upconversion nanocrystals-polymethyl methacrylate (UCNCs-PMMA) nanocomposites. The coupling is achieved by fiber fusion in the embodiment. The relative sensitivity of the OFCTS can reach the maximal value 13.241×10-3 K-1 at 80 K in a cryogenic environment, and stability is good with a standard deviation of 0.012. Research results show that the proposed OFCTS has good temperature responses at the cryogenic environment, and has a great potential of the superconducting application for generator, transmission line, maglev train and quantum interferometer.

Fluorescence fiber optic temperature sensor based on fused upconversion luminescent nanoparticles.

A new type of fluorescence fiber optic temperature sensor based on the detection of fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) is proposed. Benefited from the temperature-dependent characteristic of upconversion luminescence (UCL), it can be applied in fiber optic temperature sensors. Rare earth doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) NaYF4:Er3+,Yb3+ are embedded in a multi-mode quartz fiber through the technology of fiber fusion as the sensing unit of temperature sensors. A 980 nm laser is used to stimulate UCL in a temperature range from 40 °C to 100 °C. Experimental validation and spectral analysis are carried out to confirm the rationality of sensors' design. Results show that FIR changes with the temperature in Boltzmann distribution law. The sensitivity of the temperature sensors can reach the value between 0.0087 and 0.0144 K-1.

Hypoxia induces apoptosis of mouse spermatocyte GC-2 cells through activation of autophagy.

The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms of hypoxia-induced apoptosis of GC-2spd (GC-2) cells. The GC-2 cells were treated with or without hypoxia for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. Apoptosis of GC-2 cells was detected using TUNEL and flow cytometry. Fluorescence microscopic was used to observe the autophagy of GC-2 cells. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α), apoptosis-related protein and marker protein of autophagy levels were measured by Western blotting. Hypoxia induced apoptosis and autophagy of GC-2 cells, and increased expression of HIF-1α, LC3-II, Beclin-1, and pro-apoptotic protein, but reduced p62 and anti-apoptotic protein level. Meanwhile, hypoxia-induced HIF-1α mediated expression of apoptosis and autophagy-related protein in GC-2 cell. Furthermore, autophagy regulated hypoxia-induced apoptosis of GC-2 cell. Our data suggest that hypoxia induces apoptosis of GC-2 cell by activation of autophagy involving activation of the apoptosis signaling pathway under the hypoxic condition.