Hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves the efficacy of conventional supportive treatment for late-onset hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in the treatment of late-onset hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 16 patients with late-onset hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation between 2016 and 2022. Among them, 8 patients received HBOT in addition to conventional treatment, while the other 8 received only conventional treatment. The clinical efficacy and safety of HBOT were evaluated by comparing the Numeric Rating Scale pain scores and clinical grades of hematuria before and after treatment, reflecting the patients' urinary pain and hematuria status. RESULTS: The patients were divided into two groups based on whether they received HBOT. The group that received HBOT (n = 8) had a shorter duration of illness compared to the non-HBOT group (n = 8) (p < 0.05). The time for the NRS to decrease to below 2 was also shorter in the HBOT group. Furthermore, the patients who received HBOT did not experience any significant adverse reactions. CONCLUSION: The combination of conventional treatment and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been shown to improve symptoms such as urinary pain, frequency, urgency, and hematuria in patients with late-onset hemorrhagic cystitis after transplantation. This approach has been proven to be safe and effective.

[Discovery and sequence analysis of a novel allele of A subtype].

OBJECTIVE: To identify the genotypes of two probands with ambiguous blood serological typing and explore their serological feature and molecular basis. METHODS: Serology assays including absorption-elution test were carried out. With genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood samples, exons 6 and 7 of the ABO gene were subjected to cloning and haplotype sequencing analyses. RESULTS: Red blood cells from the probands showed no agglutination with monoclonal anti-A and anti-B, whilst their serum showed weak agglutination with A1 cells and moderate agglutination with B cells. Absorption-elution test failed in detecting A antigen on such cells. Direct cloning sequencing analysis indicated that they were heterozygous for an ABO*O01.01 allele and a novel A allele. The novel A allele contained c.467C>T (p.Pro156Leu) and insertion of a nucleotide C at position 963_964 in exon 7 (c.963_964insC) compared with ABO*A1.01. CONCLUSION: Through serological and sequencing analysis, the two samples were identified as A subgroup due to novel A alleles.