High-mobility group box 2 reflects exacerbated disease characteristics and poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: High-mobility group box 2 (HMGB2) is considered as oncogene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while its clinical implication is still unknown. This study aimed to explore the correlation of HMGB2 with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in NSCLC patients. METHODS: A total of 133 NSCLC patients who received radical excision were enrolled. HMGB2 expression in the tumor specimens and paired adjacent tissue specimens was determined by immunohistochemical assay (for protein expression) and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay (for gene expression), respectively. RESULTS: HMGB2 protein expression was higher in tumor tissue compared with adjacent tissue, and it could distinguish tumor tissue from adjacent tissue (area under the curve (AUC): 0.775, 95%confidence interval (95%CI): 0.720-0.830). Meanwhile, tumor HMGB2 protein high expression correlated with lymph node (LYN) metastasis and advanced TNM stage. Additionally, tumor HMGB2 protein high expression associated with worse disease-free survival (DFS), while HMGB2 protein expression did not correlate with overall survival (OS). Besides, HMGB2 mRNA expression was raised in tumor tissue compared with adjacent tissue, and it had a good value in differentiating tumor tissue from adjacent tissue (AUC: 0.875, 95% CI: 0.834-0.915). Furthermore, tumor HMGB2 mRNA high expression correlated with higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score, LYN metastasis, and advanced TNM stage. Meanwhile, tumor HMGB2 mRNA high expression associated with shorter DFS and OS. CONCLUSION: HMGB2 could be a biomarker that reflects disease features and prognosis of NSCLC, which is beneficial to improve clinical efficacy in NSCLC patients.

AKIP1 expression in tumor tissue as a new biomarker for disease monitoring and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer: Results of a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: A-kinase-interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) has been reported as an oncogenetic factor in multiple cancers; however, no study has reported its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) yet. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of AKIP1, and its correlation with tumor characteristics as well as prognosis in patients with NSCLC. METHODS: Four hundred and ninety patients with NSCLC who underwent resection were reviewed, and baseline clinical data were collected. AKIP1 expression in tumor tissue/paired adjacent tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated. RESULTS: A-kinase-interacting protein 1 expression was elevated in tumor tissue compared with paired adjacent tissue (P < .001), and high AKIP1 tumor tissue expression was correlated with poor pathological differentiation (P < .001), tumor size >5 cm (P = .001), lymph node metastasis (P = .016), higher TNM stages (P < .001), and abnormal CEA level (>5 ng/mL) (P = .035). DFS was worse in patients with tumor tissue AKIP1 high expression compared with patients who had AKIP1 low expression in total patients (P < .001), TNM stage I (P < .001) and TNM stage III (P < .001) patients. And the OS was also decreased in patients with AKIP1 high expression in total patients (P < .001), TNM stage I patients (P = .001) and TNM stage III patients (P = .004). Moreover, multivariate Cox's proportional hazards regression model analysis revealed that AKIP1 high expression was an independent predictive factor for worse DFS (P < .001) and OS (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Tumor tissue AKIP1 expression may have the potential to be a biomarker assisting in disease monitoring and prognosis in NSCLC.