Identification of potential landslide in Jianzha county based on InSAR and deep learning.

Landslide disasters have characteristics of frequent occurrence, widespread impact, and high destructiveness, posing serious threats to human lives, property, and the ecological environment. Timely and accurate early identification of landslides remains an urgent issue within the disaster prevention field. This study focuses on Jianzha County, Qinghai Province, integrating PS-InSAR, SBAS-InSAR, and optical remote-sensing techniques to delineate potential landslide-prone areas. Utilizing Google Earth imagery and existing landslide datasets, potential landslide points were identified through a deep learning model. Results indicate the following: (1) In Jianzha County, the variation trend of the average surface velocity monitored by PS-InSAR and SBAS-InSAR technology is consistent, and the deformation monitoring results are reliable. (2) Utilizing the deep learning model, 56 potential landslide points were identified, comprising 39 high-risk points and 17 medium-risk points. By integrating the spatial distribution data of historical geological disaster points, 10 out of 13 previously occurred landslide disaster points were found to be located at the identified high-risk landslide points, achieving a detection accuracy of 76.92%. (3) The spatial distribution of landslide points exhibits clustering, with slopes ranging from 10° to 40°, elevations between 15 and 30 m, and slope orientations predominantly toward the northeast. (4) Landslide formation is correlated with seasonal precipitation concentrations and temperature fluctuations. This method can provide a crucial basis for large-scale surface deformation monitoring and early identification of landslide risks.

Learning strategies and reading achievement in primary schools: Longitudinal relationship and gender differences.

BACKGROUND: Learning is a self-regulated loop where learning strategies and achievements are interrelated. In reading, although some studies have explored the relationship between different learning strategies (memorization, elaboration and control) and reading achievement, little is known about how they interact over time. Even though the longitudinal relationship was revealed in some studies, most of the evidence was based on the whole population, regardless of gender differences. AIMS: This study was designed to examine the longitudinal relationship between memorization, elaboration, control strategies and reading achievement, as well as the gender difference in the longitudinal relationship. SAMPLE: The sample consisted of 3878 Chinese students (2025 boys, 1853 girls) who were surveyed in Grade 4 and Grade 6. METHODS: A cross-lagged model was conducted to examine the longitudinal relationship between memorization, elaboration, control strategies and reading achievement while controlling for gender, age and parents' educational levels. Multigroup cross-lagged models were conducted to examine gender differences in the longitudinal relationship between these variables. RESULTS: Memorization and elaboration strategies were reciprocally related. Both predicted subsequent control strategies, but not vice versa. Only memorization strategies positively predicted subsequent reading achievement, while prior reading achievement positively predicted the subsequent three strategies. The effects of prior reading achievement on subsequent learning strategies were stronger for boys. CONCLUSIONS: Memorization strategies play a prominent role in promoting deeper strategies and reading achievement in Chinese primary schools, which might relate to culture and developmental stages. Higher achievement or positive feedback from learning results might be motivation for using different strategies, especially for boys.

Inhibition of demethylase by IOX1 modulates chromatin accessibility to enhance NSCLC radiation sensitivity through attenuated PIF1.

Chromatin accessibility is a critical determinant of gene transcriptional expression and regulated by histones modification. However, the potential for manipulating chromatin accessibility to regulate radiation sensitivity remains unclear. Our findings demonstrated that the histone demethylase inhibitor, 5-carboxy-8-hydroxyquinoline (IOX1), could enhance the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, IOX1 treatment reduced chromatin accessibility in the promoter region of DNA damage repair genes, leading to decreased DNA repair efficiency and elevated DNA damage induced by γ irradiation. Notably, IOX1 treatment significantly reduced both chromatin accessibility and the transcription of phytochrome interacting factor 1 (PIF1), a key player in telomere maintenance. Inhibition of PIF1 delayed radiation-induced DNA and telomeric DNA damage repair, as well as increased radiosensitivity of NSCLC in vitro and in vivo. Further study indicated that the above process was regulated by a reduction of transcription factor myc-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ) binding to the distal intergenic region of the PIF1. Taken together, IOX1-mediated demethylase inactivation reduced chromatin accessibility, leading to elevated telomere damage which is partly due to PIF1 inhibition, thereby enhancing NSCLC radiosensitivity.

Exploration of the Extraperitoneal Approach for Single-Level Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Imaging, Anatomical and Clinical Research.

Background: To explore extraperitoneal approach as an optimal option for reducing peritoneal disruption at a single-level disc in anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF). Methods: First, abdominal axial CT images obtained from 111 patients were observed to evaluate the distribution of extraperitoneal fat at L2-S1 and measure the lateral distances between the midline and the lateral borders of the rectus and the extraperitoneal fat for each disc level. Second, eight embalmed corpses were dissected along the lateral border of the rectus to expose the peritoneum, which was then separated laterally and medially to evaluate the distribution of fat and peritoneum adhesion. Finally, a total of 58 patients were selected for ALIF. For L2-L4 discs and L4-S1, the pararectus approach and the paramedian approach were utilized, respectively. Results: Extraperitoneal fat was observed behind the rectus at the L5-S1 and the lateral distance between the fat and midline and the lateral border of the rectus gradually decreased on both sides of L2-5. On the cranial side of the arcuate line, it was easier to separate the peritoneum outward along the lateral edge of the rectus. When bluntly dissected medially, the peritoneum was closely adhered to abdominal wall. No complications such as peritoneal damage, retroperitoneal hematoma and neurological complications occurred in 58 patients undergoing the aforementioned surgical methods. Conclusions: For L4-S1, the paramedian approach is the optimal technique to expose the disc, whereas the pararectus approach is the feasible surgical method at L2-4.

Ratiometric mechanoluminescence in single Pr3+ -activated LiGa5 O8.

Mechanoluminescence (ML) materials have found potential applications in information storage, anti-counterfeiting, and stress sensing. Conventional stress sensing based on absolute ML intensity is prone to significant mistakes owing to the unpredictability of measurement surroundings. However, implementing a ratiometric ML sensing technique may considerably ameliorate this issue. In this study, a single activator-doped gallate material (LiGa5 O8 :Pr3+ ) is proposed to determine the relationship between the ML intensity and the change in local positional symmetry that occurs when the material is subjected to stress. The sensing reliability of the ML intensity ratio under different factors (Force; Content; Thickness and Materials) is systematically analyzed, where the factor that has the greatest effect on the proportional ML is the concentration, with the ML intensity asymmetry ratio decreasing from 1.868 to 1.300 varying concentration at constant stress. The colour-resolved visualization of stress sensing is further realized, which opens a new path for a ratiometric ML-based strategy to improve the reliability of stress sensing.

Risk Factors for Hidden Blood Loss Associated with Vertebroplasty or Kyphoplasty for Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Hidden blood loss (HBL), as a perioperative complication of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP), affects the quality of life of older adults with poor health status, but it is often ignored by clinical surgeons. The purpose of this study was to discuss the risk factors for perioperative HBL through meta-analysis. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wan Fang from establishment of the database to September 2022. All eligible studies regarding risk factors for HBL after PVP or PKP were included. Heterogeneity was assessed using the χ2 test and I2 statistic percentages. If I2 >50% or P < 0.1, the random-effect model was used; otherwise, the fixed-effect model was used. Data were analyzed with Revman 5.4 and Stata 16.0. RESULTS: Eleven studies involving 1506 patients were included and the average HBL of PKP and PVP was 278.57 mL and 276.12mL. The results showed that bone cement leakage (P < 0.0001), thoracic vertebra (P < 0.00001), bilateral surgical approach (P = 0.0008), ≥2 fracture segments (P < 0.00001), vertebral body height loss rate (≥1/3) (P < 0.00001), and vertebral body height restoration rate (≥1/3) (P < 0.00001) were risk factors for increased HBL. Diabetes (P = 0.12) and hypertension (P = 0.52) were not significantly associated with HBL. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this meta-analysis suggested that fracture level, surgical approach, number of fracture levels, cement leakage, vertebral height loss and restoration rate were significant risk factors for HBL, which had certain guiding significance for clinical surgeons to take reasonable measures to deal with this complication.

Dansyl-labelled cellulose as dual-functional adsorbents for elimination and detection of mercury in aqueous solution via aggregation-induced emission.

Dansyl chloride fluorophore exhibits typical aggregation induced fluorescence emission behavior in acetone/water solution. To realize the integration of detective and adsorptive functions, dansyl chloride is covalently immobilized on cellulose substrate to fabricate an efficient adsorbent for mercury ions in water. The as-prepared material exhibits excellent fluorescence sensing performance exclusively for Hg (II) with the presence of other metal ions. A sensitive and selective fluorescence quenching across the concentration range of 0.1-8.0 mg/L is observed with a detection limit of 8.33 × 10-9 M as a result of the inhibition of aggregation induced emission caused by the coordination between adsorbent and Hg (II). Besides, the adsorption properties for Hg (II) including the influence of initial concentration and contact time are investigated. Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetics are demonstrated to fit well with the adsorption experiment for the uptake of Hg (II) by the functionalized adsorbent, also, intraparticle diffusion kinetic model is proved to aptly describe the Hg (II) removal in aqueous solution. In addition, the recognition mechanism is considered to originate from the Hg (II) triggered structural reversals of naphthalene ring units which are verified by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculation. Moreover, the synthesis method used in this work also provides a strategy for the sensing application of organic sensor molecules with AIE properties in which the aggregated behavior could be appropriately realized.

Mechanisms underlying enhanced Cd translocation and tolerance in roots of Populus euramericana in response to nitrogen fertilization.

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate how nitrogen (N) availability influences cadmium (Cd) absorption, translocation and stress tolerance in roots of Populus euramericana. Seedling growth was sensitive to N deficiency, but it was unaltered by Cd exposure. Cadmium absorption by roots was promoted by N deficiency, resulting in a higher root Cd concentration compared to the N-sufficient condition. Fine-root length was tightly correlated (R2 = 0.73) with Cd concentration in roots, indicating that vigorous fine-root proliferation under N deficiency contributed to active absorption and accumulation of Cd in roots. Despite accumulation in roots, Cd translocation from roots to shoots was less active under N deficiency compared to N sufficiency. This was related to elevated glutathione reductase (GR) activity and glutathione (GSH) levels in roots after N application, which may not only promote antioxidant defence, but also facilitate the formation of GSH-Cd complexes that are uploaded into root cylinders. Nitrogen application also promoted antioxidant defense in roots via increased production of phytohormones and the level of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Transcript levels for genes responsible for antioxidant defense, Cd detoxification and Cd uploading were increased in roots by N application. The N-stimulated Cd tolerance, detoxification and uploading in roots are factors likely to promote Cd translocation from roots to shoots, which may enhance the biological capacity of this poplar species for phytoremediation of Cd pollution.