Highly sensitive detection of low-concentration sodium chloride solutions based on polymeric nanofilms coated long period fiber grating.

Long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) have special advantages in the detection of salt concentrations due to small volume, corrosion resistance and immunity to electromagnetic interference. However, it is very difficult to distinguish low-concentration salt solutions with usual LPFGs owing to the poor sensitivity. In this paper, the detection capability of the LPFG to low-concentration salt solutions was significantly improved by assembling salt-containing poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) and salt-containing poly (sodium-p-styrenesulfonate) (PSS). Experimental results showed that, the responsive wavelength range of the LPFG was remarkably broadened in low-concentration salt solutions after assembling nanofilms. The suitable detection range of the PDDA/PSS films coated LPFG for salt concentrations was 0-3%. In such a range, the average refractive index sensitivity and the average salinity sensitivity of the LPFG was as high as 29545.9 nm/RIU and 52.2 nm/% respectively. Compared with the LPFG without nanofilms, the discrimination ability of the PDDA/PSS films coated LPFG to 0-3% salt solutions increased by 568 times. The analysis demonstrated that PDDA and salt in the assembly solutions played a pivotal role in the above effects. The proposed sensor has extensive application prospects in the monitoring of salt concentration in many fields such as seawater, food processing, fermentation process, etc.

Marine fungal metabolites as a source of drug leads against aquatic pathogens.

Aquatic pathogens, including Vibrio, Edwardsiella, Pseudomonas, and Aeromonas, which could result in bacterial diseases to aquaculture, have seriously threatened the world aquaculture production. Marine-derived fungi, which could produce novel secondary metabolites with significant antibacterial activity, may be an important source for finding effective agents against aquatic pathogens. In this review, a systematically overview of the harm of several aquatic pathogens, and 134 antibacterial secondary metabolites against aquatic pathogens from 13 genera of marine-derived fungi, were summarized and concluded. The aim of this review is to find out the relationships between activity and structural type, between bioactive compounds and their hosts, and so on. Altogether, 95 references published during 1997-2021 were cited. KEY POINTS: •Aquatic pathogens, which could result in bacterial diseases to aquaculture, were described. •Marine fungal metabolites with activities against aquatic pathogens were summarized. •The distributions of these bioactive marine fungal metabolites were analyzed.

Corn Steep Liquor: Green Biological Resources for Bioindustry.

Corn steep liquor (CSL) is a by-product of the wet milling process and contains mostly crude proteins, amino acids, minerals, vitamins, reducing sugars, organic acids, enzymes and other nutrients. The concentration of organic matter in the CSL is high and the yield is large. If directly discharged into the integrated wastewater treatment system, the load and cost of wastewater treatment will be greatly increased. On the other hand, most of the organic matter in the CSL is a valuable resource that can be reused and recovered, and has a significant resource potential. How to develop and utilize CSL has become a major problem faced by enterprises and society. In recent years, people have done a lot of research on the comprehensive utilization of CSL. CSL is commonly used as an inexpensive source of nitrogen, carbon or vitamins in the production of glutamate, antibiotics, lactic acid and other biotechnologies. This article reviews the active ingredients of CSL and their analytical methods, as well as its use for microbial culture medium, low-cost animal feed, biosurfactant, and biostimulant.

Cellular Apoptosis Induced by Deoxynivalenol.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is synthesized by Fusarium species that frequently infect crops during storage, and it's harm risk to human is reflected in the consumption of infected food crops or indirectly through foods of animal origin. In this study, Hela and Chang liver cells were used to research the cellular apoptosis induced by deoxynivalenol. Cells were treated by DON toxin with a series of concentration and incubated for different time. MTT, fluorescence microscope, flow cytometer and Western blot methods were used to analyze the effect of DON on the cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo systematically. The results showed that DON was toxic to the cells tested. After being treated by DON, the morphology of Chang livers and Hela cells changed significantly. The DON promoted apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The activity of Caspase 3 was significantly increased in DON-induced apoptosis. Moreover, endogenous Glutathione (GSH) level in these cell lines was gradually decreased. In the early apoptosis progress, oxidative stress was induced by DON. When DON reached 10 µg/mL, a markedly increased content of Malondialdehyde (MDA) was detected in both Hela and Chang liver cells. Furthermore, an in vivo test indicated that DON had toxicity to mice by causing weight loss and swollen spleen, and significantly increased expression of AST and ALT. In conclusion, the DON was toxic to mice and could induce the apoptosis of tested cells undergoing a Caspase-3 related pathway.

A pilot study of plasma interleukin-6 and interleukin-27 in differential diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the significance of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-27 (IL-27) in the differential diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in preterm infants.@*METHODS@#The preterm infants with the manifestation of respiratory distress who were treated in the Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, from March to November 2021, were enrolled in this prospective study. According to the diagnosis results, they were divided into two groups: ARDS group (n=18) and NRDS group (n=20). ELISA was used to measure the plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-27. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of each index in the diagnosis of ARDS.@*RESULTS@#The ARDS group had significantly higher plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-27 than the NRDS group (P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that IL-6 had an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.867 for the diagnosis of ARDS, with a sensitivity of 61.1% and a specificity of 95.0% at the cut-off value of 56.21 pg/mL. The ROC curve analysis also showed that IL-27 had an AUC of 0.881 for the diagnosis of ARDS, with a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 80.0% at the cut-off value of 135.8 pg/mL.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Plasma IL-6 and IL-27 can be used as biological indicators for early differential diagnosis of ARDS and NRDS in preterm infants.

Effect of the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids in feces of very low birth weight infants: a prospective study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the effect of the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.@*METHODS@#A total of 29 VLBW infants who were admitted to the Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from June to December 2020 were enrolled as subjects for this prospective study. According to the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, they were divided into two groups: ≤7 days (@*RESULTS@#There was a significant reduction in Chao index of the intestinal flora in the ≤7 days group and the >7 days group from week 2 to week 4 (@*CONCLUSIONS@#The course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics can affect the abundance, colonization, and evolution of intestinal flora and the content of their metabolites SCFAs in VLBW infants. The indication and treatment course for broad-spectrum antibiotics should be strictly controlled in clinical practice.

Follow-up analysis of 40 cases of robotic intracorporeal studer orthotopic neobladder in a single center / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To explore the curative effect of robotic intracorporeal studer orthotopic neobladder (RISON).Methods:The clinical data of 40 patients who underwent RISON in our hospital from April 2018 to March 2020 were analyzed retrospectively, including 39 males and 1 female with an average age of (56.4±9.9)years, an average body mass index of (25.5±3.1) kg/m 2. Four patients received preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Comorbidity component index score was 0-2 points in 6 cases, 3-5 points in 33 cases, 6-8 points in 1 case. All patients had definite pathological diagnosis for the high grade urothelial carcinoma or recurrent bladder tumors, and the tumor staging forecast within T 2 stage. Biopsy of the posterior urethra and bladder neck revealed negative result of tumor invasion. The patients had normal kidney function and without any clear bowel disease history. All patients underwent robotic radical intracorporeal studer orthotopic neobladders and standard lymphadenectomy. About 30 to 40 cm from terminal ileum was selected as the new bladder neck and 50 cm ileum as neobladder. Restore intestinal continuity with EndoGIA. The intestinal canal was cut off along the offside of mesentery except for proximal 10 cm. After U-shape suture of the new bladder back wall, the new anterior bladder wall was sutured with barbs line further in pulp muscularis. "Wallace" was performed bilateral ureteral anastomosis and closing the proximal end of the anterior wall of the new bladder. Further follow-up results were also collected to evaluate the clinical treatment effect, including pathological results of tumor, bladder capacity, urine control (usage of pads), sexual function, short-term(≤30 d) and long-term(>30 d) complications. Results:All the RISONs were successfully performed without conversion to open operation. Median operation time was 360(300.0, 442.5) min, blood loss was 200(200.0, 337.5) ml, indwelling time of gastric tube was 3(3, 4)d, full tolerance time was 3(3, 5)d, and postoperative hospital stay was 9(8, 10)d. Postoperative pathological results showed 39(97.5%) cases were no more than T 2N 0M 0, 1 case was confirmed T 3aN 0M 0 pathologically, 1 case was positive in surgical margin, 1 case was diagnosed as incidental prostate cancer, 15(12, 20) lymph nodes were dissected and no lymph node metastasis was found. Short-term (within 30 days) complications occurred in 12 patients, including Clavien grade Ⅰ 7 cases, Clavien grade Ⅱ 5 cases. Long-term (out of 30 days) complications occurred in 18 patients, including Clavien grade Ⅰ 10 cases, Clavien grade Ⅱ 7 cases, Clavien grade Ⅲ 1 case. And the follow-up time was 1 to 24 months. The median bladder volume 300 (0, 400)ml of 25 patients who were followed up for more than one year and 1 in 34 female patient developed incontinence. Other 33 patients had continence rate of 93.9% (0 pad) during the day, and needed regular urination at night (1-3 times), with an average of 2 pads. All 11 patients with nerve-sparing achieved satisfactory erectile function after operation, with an average IIEF-6 score of (21.5±2.7). No tumor recurrence or death occurred in all patients during the follow-up period. Conclusions:Robotic intracorporeal studer orthotopic neobladder is a safe and feasible urinary diversion operation. The patients achieved good clinical efficacy in tumor control, bladder volume, daytime and nighttime continence, sexual function recovery.

The absolute configuration of anti-Vibrio citrinin dimeric derivative by VCD, ECD and NMR methods.

Citrinin dimeric derivatives are bioactive polyketides previously reported from Penicillium, Aspergillus and Monascus fungi species. Due to the large distance between the stereogenic centers of the two monomer units, it was difficult to determine the absolute configuration of the whole molecule (1). In previous work, the absolute configuration of 1 was just proposed by biogenetic considerations. To address this problem, the experimental VCD of 1 was compared with the corresponding DFT calculations for two diastereomers (1a and 1b). Also, the experimental ECD and NMR spectra of 1 were combined for analysis with the corresponding theoretical predictions for different diastereomers. Additionally, compound 1 showed promising anti-Vibrio activity against pathogenic Vibrio spp. with MIC values ranging from 0.4 to 0.8 µM.

Simulated Accelerated Test to Study Correlation Between Color Change in Storage and Medicinal Ingredients of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To study the correlation between the content changes of main medicinal ingredients and the color values of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma during storage based on the principle of chromaticity analysis,and to provide reference for studying on the mechanism of discoloration and improving the quality evaluation of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. Method: Simulated accelerated test was adopted in this study, where Rhei Radix et Rhizoma was stored under high temperature(40±5)℃,high humidity RH(92.5±5)%and strong light(4 000±500)Lx conditions to accelerate its discoloration. For the samples taken at different time points,the color value was determined by spectrophotometer and the total contents of anthraquinone and free anthraquinones,sennoside A,B,catechin and gallic acid were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The correlation between the effective components and the color value of rhubarb was analyzed by SPSS software. Result: During the storage process,it was observed by the eye that the color of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma was significantly darker and darker in the simulated acceleration test. According to the analysis of the chromaticity value results,the changes of chromaticity values L*and E*ab of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma were significantly negatively correlated with free strontium content(PPa* was significantly negatively correlated with gallic acid(PPConclusion: There is a certain correlation between the change of color value and the content of six medicinal ingredients during Rhei Radix et Rhizoma storage.

Protective effect of sodium butyrate on the neonatal mouse model of necrotizing enterocolitis / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the protective effect of sodium butyrate on the neonatal mouse model of necrotizing enterocolitis and analyze its possible mechanism.Methods Sixty c57BL/6 neonatal mice were randomly divided into two groups (n=30):PBS group and butyric acid group.At the third day after birth,mice in both groups were respectively given PBS and sodium butyrate solution by gavage once a day for 7 days,and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) model was established by hypoxia,cold stimulation and artificial feeding.The newborn mice were sacrificed overnight after modeling.HE staining and double-blind pathological score were performed to observe the pathological changes of ileocecal intestinal tissue.The mRNA expressions of IL-6,IL-10,TGF-β1 and TNF-a were tested by quantitative real-time PCR.The levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in intestine tissues were evaluated using ELISA.Flow cytometry was used to analyze the ratio of regulatory T cells (Treg) on CD4+ T cells in both groups.Results When mice were sacrificed overnight after NEC modeling,the body weight was significantly higher in butyric acid group (4.50 ± 0.42g) than in PBS group (4.16 ± 0.60g,P＜0.05);No significant difference (P＞0.05) existed in survival rate of butyric acid group (76.34％) and PBS group (67.95％).The pathological damage score of intestinal tissue showed that the median score of intestinal injury was significantly lower in butyric acid group [1.33(1.33-1.67)] than in PBS group [2.00(1.67-2.25),P＜0.05].qPCR demonstrated that the expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA were obviously lower in butyric acid group than in PBS group (0.85 ± 0.30 vs.1.77 ± 0.49 and 0.41 ± 0.25 vs.0.96 ± 0.56,respectively,P＜0.05);and the expressions of IL-10 and TGF-β1 mRNA were markedly higher in butyric acid group than in PBS group (1.91 ± 0.82 vs.0.94 ± 0.43 and 1.46 ± 0.57 vs.0.88 ± 0.29,respectively,P＜0.05);Intestinal tissue ELISA results showed that the expressions of IL-10 and TGF-β1 were higher in butyric acid group than in PBS group (68.60 ± 15.06 vs.37.25 ± 5.81 and 424.93 ± 19.34 vs.127.31 ± 60.83,respectively,P＜0.05);Flow cytometry revealed that the proportion of regulatory T cells (Treg) of CD4+ T cells was higher in butyric acid group than in PBS group (12.68％ ± 6.79％ vs.3.57％ ± 0.88％,P＜0.05).Conclusions Butyric acid plays a protective effect in the intestinal injury of neonatal mouse model of necrotizing enterocolitis.The possible mechanism is that butyrate can down-regulate the expressions of cytokines IL-6 and TNF-o,up-regulate the expressions of cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β1,and promote the differentiation of T cells into Treg cells.

Autophagy inhibition of immature oocytes during vitrification-warming and in vitro mature activates apoptosis via caspase-9 and -12 pathway.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine the role of autophagy in the immature oocytes during vitrification-warming and in vitro maturation (IVM); the correlations among autophagy, apoptosis, and the activities of caspase in the immature oocytes during vitrification-warming and IVM were also explored. STUDY DESIGN: Immature oocytes from mice were vitrified-warmed and IVM. An autophagy inhibitor (3-methyladenine) was supplemented in cryopreservation solutions and warming solutions. The expression of beclin-1 (an autophagy marker), caspase-3, -8, -9, and -12 were measured. Moreover, the viability of vitrified-warmed immature oocytes and their subsequent developmental competence were measured. RESULTS: The levels of beclin-1 expression in both mRNA and protein in oocytes experienced vitrification-warming and IVM were significantly higher than that in fresh immature oocytes experienced IVM. The levels of caspase-3, -9, -12 expression in both mRNA and protein in oocytes vitrified with 3-methyladenine were significantly higher than that vitrified without 3-methyladenine. However, the differences in the caspase-8 expression in both mRNA and protein between the oocytes vitrified with 3-methyladenine and that vitrified without 3-methyladenine were not significant. CONCLUSION: Immature oocyte cryopreservation exhibits autophagic activation. Autophagy inhibition of the immature oocytes during vitrification-warming and IVM activates apoptosis via caspase-9 and -12 pathway.

Design and Application of the Security Mode for the Mobile Business Platform of Hospital / 医学信息学杂志

Taking Children's Hospital in Hunan Province as an example,the paper introduces the design and application of the security mode for the mobile business platform of hospital from the aspects of the overall structure,implementation plans of security access equipment,security authentication modes and strategies,etc.,and provides ideas for safely implementing remote deployment and mobile application.

Study on Teaching Reform of Management Information System Course in Medical Colleges and Universities / 医学信息学杂志

The paper analyzes the background of teaching reform of management information system course in medical colleges and universities by introducing reform situation in the aspects like course setting and contents and elaborating on teaching organization form,including optimization of teaching cases,combination of experiment with practice,introduction of self learning mode,optimization of teaching evaluation and other aspects.

Efficacy and safety of a digital navigation template combined with cervical pedicle screw implantation: study protocol for a prospective, single-center, self-controlled, clinical trial / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Cervical pedicle screw fixation is a reliable method for the treatment of traumatic and non-traumatic cervical instability and cervical disc removal and fixation; however, the operation risks and the failure rate of screw insertion are still high. At present, the digital navigation template with digital computer technology, used in the department of orthopedics, has the advantages of accurate screw insertion and a small error in the screw insertion depth. OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of the digital navigation template combined with cervical pedicle screw implantation. METHODS: This is a prospective, single-center, self-controlled, clinical trial. Thirty-two patients with cervical spondylosis will be recruited from the Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hebei Province, China. Before surgery, a three-dimensional (3D) navigation model of the cervical vertebrae will be designed by 3D reconstruction. The navigation template will be generated by 3D printing. The cervical pedicle screws will be implanted according to preoperatively designed models and the screw positions will be observed by computerized tomography (CT) after surgery. The patients will be followed up for 40 months. The primary outcome measure is the excellent and good rate of screw position 40 months after implantation. The secondary outcome measures include the Visual Analog Scale score, American Spinal Injury Association classification, cervical X-ray and CT images before implantation and 40 months after implantation, and the incidence of adverse reactions 40 months after implantation. The protocols have been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Harrison International Peace Hospital in China (approval number: 20120630). The study protocol has been conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki,formulated by the World Medical Association.Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The recruitment of subjects will begin in December 2017. Samples and data will be collected from December 2017 to April 2019. Outcome measures will be analyzed in October 2020. This trial will be completed in November 2020. The results of the trial will be reported in a scientific conference or disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal. This trial has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR-ONC-17013481). DISCUSSION: We will verify a high success rate of cervical pedicle screw implantation using the digital navigation template. The operation is simple and quick, with good efficacy and safety.

Progress in research on animal models of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis / 中国实验动物学报

Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease with high mortality. Stud-ies have suggested that NEC are associated with prematurity and very?low birth weight, but the exact etiology and pathogen?esis has not been elucidated. Therefore, it is important to build an ideal NEC model to explore the pathogenesis and pre?vention measures of NEC to reduce the incidence and severity of NEC.

Comparative research of setup error and registration for image-guided radiotherapy of lung cancer / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To explore the setup error and area registration error during lung cancer radiotherapy by using the on board imager (OBI) of the linear accelerator. Methods Totally 50 lung cancer patients underwent image-guided radiation therapy. Then OBI system was used for the scan validation by electronic portal imaging device (EPID) and cone beam CT (CBCT), and comparative analysis was executed on the setup errors of EPID and CBCT. Results The translation errors of EPID were (-1.62 ±1.58), (2.12 ±1.49) and (4.52 ±2.42)mm respectively at Lat, Vrt and Lng directions, while those of CBCT were (-1.27±1.25), (1.43±1.57) and (3.12±2.62) mm respectively. The registration errors at Lat, Vrt and Lng directions and rotation angle of lung tissue were (-1.27±1.25), (1.43±1.57), (3.12±2.62)mm and (0.5±1.6)° respectively, and those of target area were (-1.56±1.78), (1.68±2.39), (3.42±2.73)mm and (0.8±1.9)° respectively. CBCT and EPID had statistical differences (P<0.05) in setup error validation as well as setup errors at Vrt and Lng directions. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) when CBCT self-registration was involved in selecting different areas. Conclusion CBCT and EPID can both used for the setup validation of lung cancer, while the former behaved better than the latter.

The technique and effectiveness of potency preservation in robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the key technique and effectiveness of potency preservation in robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP).Methods The complete clinical and follow-up data of 30 cases underwent RALP between February and May of 2016 were reviewed retrospectively.The average age of the patients was 67.3 years (48-82 years).The peak PSA level before surgery ranged from 7.6 to 53.4 ng/ml with the average level of 21.1 ng/ml.There were 7,16,6 and 1 case with the Gleason score of 6,7,8,and 9 point,respectively.Preoperative erectile score (IIEF-5) of the 30 patients were list as below:3 cases (0-10 points),4 cases(11-15 points),17 cases(16-20 points),and 6 cases(21-25 points).The key techniques of potency preservation during RALRP includes deep dorsal vein ligation techniques,neurovascular bundles preservation techniques and drain tube placement techniques.Results All 30 cases underwent operation successfully with no transfer to open surgery.Average operative time was 150.7 min (98-240 min) with an estimated blood loss of 165.7ml (50-550 ml).The average drainage removal time was 5.1 d postoperatively.The average bowel recovery time was 2.7 d and average hospitalization time was 8.2 d,respectively.There were two cases with one positive margin on the bladder neck and one on the tip of prostate,respectively.Seventeen cases gained potency preservation six months after surgery.Conclusion It was safe and beneficial for the potency preservation in RALP,which could be considered as one of the best options for the prostate cancer surgery.

Cochliomycin A inhibits the larval settlement of Amphibalanus amphitrite by activating the NO/cGMP pathway.

Cochliomycin A is a compound with anti-barnacle settlement activity and low toxicity, but the molecular mechanism of the compound is unknown. Here, isobaric tags for the relative or absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) labeling proteomic method were applied to analyze changes in the proteome of Amphibalanus (=Balanus) amphitrite cyprids in response to cochliomycin A treatment. Cochliomycin A affected the cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and NO/cGMP pathways, among which the NO/cGMP pathway was considered to play a key role in barnacle larval settlement, while the cytochrome P450 and the GST pathways are mainly for detoxification. The results of real-time PCR further suggested the NO/cGMP pathway was activated in response to cochliomycin A. Larval settlement assays revealed that S-methylisothiourea sulfate (SMIS) and 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) rescued cyprids from cochliomycin A-induced inhibition of larval settlement. The findings supported the hypothesis that cochliomycin A inhibited barnacle larval settlement by stimulating the NO/cGMP pathway.

AMPK activator down-regulates the expression of tissue factor in fulminant hepatitis mice / 生理学报

AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a pivotal metabolic regulatory enzyme and novel target of controlling inflammation. Our previous studies had demonstrated that 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-gal)-induced fulminant hepatitis via suppressing inflammatory response. Since inflammation usually activates the coagulation response and aggravates inflammation-induced tissue injury, the present study was to explore the effects of AICAR on inflammation-induced activation of coagulation. Male BALB/c mice received LPS/D-gal intraperitoneal injection were used as fulminant hepatitis model. Western blot was used to detect tissue factor (TF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) protein expressions in hepatic tissue, as well as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 translocation into the nucleus. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to analyze erythropoietin (EPO) mRNA expression level. Lactic acid (LA) level in hepatic tissue was detected by kit. The results showed that LPS/D-gal induced the enhanced expression of TF, elevation of NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation, up-regulation of HIF-1α and EPO expressions, and increased LA level. These above alterations could be suppressed by AICAR. These results suggest that AICAR may down-regulate LPS/D-gal-induced TF expression (coagulation activity), and relieve hepatic hypoxia and metabolic disorder via suppressing the activity of NF-κB, which may be a novel mechanism of the beneficial effect of AICAR on LPS/D-gal-induced fulminant hepatitis.