Effect of inhaled cyclosporin A on antigen-induced airway inflammation in asthmatic rats / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effect of inhalation of cyclosporin (CsA) on antigen-induced airway inflammation in Sprague-Dawley rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats were sensitized with antigen (ovalbumin, OA). After two weeks, the sensitized rats were pretreated with aerosol CsA (5, 10, 20 g x L(-1)), once per day for 7 days. Then, the sensitized rats were challenged with OA (10 g x L(-1), once per day) for 2 days at day 20 after sensitization. The number of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peripheral blood, histological changes of lung tissue, and TNF-alpha content in BALF were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Inhalation of CsA significantly reduced the number of eosinophils in BALF and peripheral blood, inflammatory infiltration and tissue edema of lung tissue, decreased the content of TNF-alpha in BALF.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Inhalation of CsA inhibited airway inflammation in rats, and the mechanism is related to inhibition of TNF-alpha release.</p>

Effects of cyclosporin A aerosol on airway hyperresponsiveness in rats / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study cyclosporin A (CsA) aerosol for anti-airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in sensitized rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sensitized Sprague-Dawley rats were given cyclosporin A (5, 20 g.L-1) and sodium cromoglycate (SCG, 20 g.L-1) by aerosol (5 min per day), dexamethasone (DXM, 0.5 mg.kg-1) i.p. once per day for 7 d before antigen challenge. The respiratory resistance(R(aw)) and lung dynamic compliance(Cdyn) of the rats induced by methacholine (Mch) were measured 24 h after ovalbumin(OA) challenge. The PC50 changes of R(aw) and PC25 changes of Cdyn were also investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pretreatment with CsA, sodium cromoglycate and dexamethasone inhibited the increase of R(aw) and decrease of Cdyn caused by inhaling Mch. The value of R(aw) PC50 in the CsA(5 g.L-1) group 5.6 g.L-1, the CsA(20 g.L-1) group 6.4 g.L-1, the SCG group 8.3 g.L-1 and the DXM group 9.2 g.L-1, was significantly higher than that of the model group 1.9 g.L-1 (P < 0.05). The value of Cdyn PC25 in the CsA(5 g.L-1) group 4.3 g.L-1, the CsA(20 g.L-1) group 5.4 g.L-1, the SCG group 6.4 g.L-1 and the DXM group 6.2 g.L-1, was significantly higher than that of the model group 1.1 g.L-1 (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Anti-AHR of CsA by aerosol in animal model offered an experimental evidence for topical inhalation of CsA in treatment of asthma.</p>

A model for quantitative cigarette smoking and response of airways to cigarette smoke in guinea pigs / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an animal model for quantitative cigarette smoking and to determine the acute response of airways to cigarette smoke in guinea pigs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The device for inhaling quantitative cigarette smoking was made, which was double pass and single-direction with the minimum dead space. The changes of airway resistance(R(L))and dynamic lung compliance(Cdyn) in guinea pigs exposed to compound air consisting of 75% cigarette smoke and 25% oxygen were observed. Exudation of Evans blue in pulmonary vessels was also determined after consecutive inhalation of 60 ml smoke.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The R(L) increased from the baseline of (0.21+/-0.05) cmH(2)O x ml(-1) x s to (0.37+/-0.13) cmH(2)O x ml(-1) x s after 10 consecutive breaths of cigarette smoke exposure(P<0.01). The Cdyn decreased to (61+/-19)% of baseline at the ninth to eleventh breaths (P<0.01). The exudations of Evans blue significantly increased in all measured parts of the airways such as lower trachea, main bronchi, proximal intrapulmonary airways and distal intrapulmonary airways (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The model established in this study is useful for measuring the acute responses of airways induced by cigarette smoke in guinea pigs. Acute inhalation of cigarette smoke decreases dynamic lung compliance, increases airway resistance and vascular permeability of pulmonary vessels in guinea pigs.</p>