Comparison of flavour qualities of mushrooms (Flammulina velutipes) packed with different packaging materials.

To clarify the dynamic changes of flavour components in mushrooms packed with different packaging materials during storage, comprehensive flavour characterization, non-volatile and volatile compounds of Flammulina velutipes were evaluated using electronic nose (E-nose), electronic tongue (E-tongue) technology and headspace solid phase micro-extraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS), respectively. Results showed that volatile compounds of fresh F. velutipes mainly consisted of ketones and alcohols, with 3-octanone being the predominant compound. After storage, volatile components significantly changed in mushrooms packed with normal packaging material (Normal-PM) according to the GC-MS analysis and radar fingerprint chart of electronic nose. The ethanol accumulation was inhibited by nanocomposite packaging materials (Nano-PM). Besides, both radar graph and PCA of E-tongue signals could differentiate the samples from different packaging and storage time. In general, these results may provide a profile of flavour substances and explain mechanism of flavour changes in F. velutipes over storage period.

Inhibitory effect of Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil (ZBEO) on Escherichia coli and intestinal dysfunction.

The inhibitory effects of Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil (ZBEO) on Escherichia coli (E. coli) in vitro and in vivo were investigated, as well as its function of improvement of intestinal health. The results of in vitro studies, such as minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) analysis, agar disc diffusion test and growth curve analysis of E. coli, showed that ZBEO had an excellent inhibitory effect on the growth of E. coli, which may be related to the loss of the normal shape of the cell membranes and the leakage of intracellular constituents, on the basis of SEM observation and cell constituents' release assay. ZBEO also had an inhibitory effect on enteritis and intestinal dysfunction induced by infection of E. coli in vivo, and histopathological observation indicated that ZBEO could markedly ameliorate the structural destruction of intestinal tissues, which might be related to its inhibitory effect on the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines (TLR2, TLR4, TNFα and IL-8). In conclusion, ZBEO showed an excellent inhibitory effect on E. coli both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting the potential application of ZBEO as a kind of functional component having the effects of improving intestinal function and health.

Radical pancreaticoduodenectomy via artery approach combined with portal vein and splenic vein reconstruction / 中华消化外科杂志

For patients with malignant pancreatic cancer combined with vascular invasion,radical pancreaticoduodenectomy with vascular resection and anastomosis is the treatment of choice.Because this procedure is difficult to manage and with high risks,it is a great challenge to surgeons.A 50-year old patient with pancreatic head cancer whose portal vein and superior mesenteric vein were involved received radical pancreaticoduodenectomy in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.In the surgery,the tumor and its surrounding tissues were dissected,and then the portal vein and splenic vein were reconstructed.The patient was discharged at the 10th day after the surgery with favorable prognosis.

COMPARISON OF ANTIOXIDANT FUNCTION OF TEAS NATURALLY HIGH IN SELENIUM AND ARTIFICIALLY Se ENRICHED IN RATS / 营养学报

Objective: To study the selenium(Se) chemical forms in Se enriched tea by fertilizing sodiums selenite in soil and tea naturally high in Se and compare their antioxidant function. Methods: The Se enriched tea was produced by fertilization of sodium selenite through biological transformation of tea tree in low Se content soil. Five groups of rats were fed basal low Se diet and basal diet with sodium selenite, extractions of low Se tea, Se enriched tea by fertilizing with sodium selenite, and tea naturally high in Se. The Se chemical forms and antioxidant function of rats fed with different Se resource were detemined after 8 wks. Results: The proportion of organic forms of Se and Se protein were almost the same in Se enriched tea and tea naturally high in Se. The Se absorption and utilization rates were 65.41%, 68.05% ,and 70.49% for sodium selenite, Se enriched tea and tea naturally high in Se respectively. It showed that the availability of Se in Se enriched tea was higher than that in sodium selenite. The Se content of blood and liver, GSH Px activity were significantly increased by feeding extraction of Se enriched tea compared with control, sodium selenite and low Se tea.. Conclusion: The biological effect of organic form Se in Se enriched tea is higher than that of sodium selenite, and the Se enriched tea produced by fertilizing sodium selenite in low Se soil is as effective as tea naturally high in Se. The Se enriched tea is safe and effective in increasing the Se intake of both human and animals in low Se area.