Nanobubble-induced significant reduction of the interfacial thermal conductance for few-layer graphene.

The heat transport properties of van der Waals layered structures are crucial for ensuring the reliability and longevity of high-performance optoelectronic equipment. Owing to the two-dimensional nature of atomic layers, the presence of bubbles is commonly observed within these structures. Nevertheless, the effect of bubbles on the interfacial thermal conductance remains unclear. Based on the elastic membrane theory and the improved van der Waals gas state equation, we develop an analytical formula to describe the influence of bubble shape on the interfacial thermal conductance. It shows that the presence of bubbles has a considerable impact on reducing the interfacial thermal conductance across graphene/graphene interfaces. More specifically, the presence of nanobubbles can result in a reduction of up to 53% in the interfacial thermal conductance. The validity of the analytical predictions is confirmed through molecular dynamic simulations. These results offer valuable insights into the thermal management of van der Waals layered structures in the application of next-generation electronic nanodevices.

Selective Inhibition of PTP1B by New Anthraquinone Glycosides from Knoxia valerianoides.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is highly validated as a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. However, active site-directed PTP1B inhibitors generally suffer from poor selectivity and bioavailability. Inspired by the identification of a unique anthraquinone-coumarin hybrid from Knoxia valerianoides exhibiting good specificity for PTP1B over the highly homologous T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TCPTP), further chemical investigation of this plant species led to the isolation of nine new anthraquinone glycosides (1-9) and two known ones (10 and 11). Structures were characterized by a combination of spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. All compounds showed PTP1B inhibitory activities with IC50 values ranging from 1.05 to 13.74 µM. Compounds 4 and 8 exhibited greater than 64-fold selectivity over TCPTP. Enzyme kinetic studies revealed that compounds 4 and 7 behaved as mixed-type inhibitors. Docking studies predicted similar binding modes of these compounds at the allosteric site positioned between helices α3 and α6.

Effects of gentiana scabra bage on expression of hepatic type I, III collagen proteins in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with liver fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of gentiana scabra bage on the expression of hepatic collagen proteins in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with liver fibrosis. METHODS: Immunohistochemical technique was used to observe the changes of content of hepatic type I, III collagen proteins in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with liver fibrosis before and after the gentiana scabra bage treatmeat. RESULTS: Comparing with the model group, changes of hepatic type I and type III collagen proteins in gentiana scabra bage treated group were significantly weakened. CONCLUSIONS: Gentiana scabra bage treatment can reduce the content of hepatic type III and type I collagen protein significantly in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with liver fibrosis, thereby, playing the role against hepatic fibrosis.