Effects of twelve weeks of dance Exergames on the quality-of-life variables of elderly Brazilian women enrolled in a community program.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Exercise-based interventions can be a safe alternative to improve and maintain physical and mental health during the aging process. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a 12-week training program with Dance Exergames on the mood and functional fitness profile of elderly women. METHODS: The sample (n = 22) was divided into Exergames (EG, n = 9, 70.6 ± 1.6 years) and Control Groups (CG, n = 13, 73.6 ± 2.2 years). Evaluations were carried out before and after the interventions. Each participant played, in pairs, the electronic game Dance Central 3, with the XBOX 360 Kinect console (Slim, Microsoft, USA). The EG trained for 12 weeks (24 sessions), with two weekly sessions of 50 min and the CG performed manual activities workshops. RESULTS: In functional fitness, both exercise training with exergame (EG) and the intervention model for the CG did not produce significant effects regarding interaction (group*time). Mood state presented significant effect of time intervention regarding tension (p = <0.001), depression (p = 0.001), anger (p = 0.030), fatigue (p = 0.001), and mental confusion (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Twelve weeks of training with a dance exergame (for, EG) and manual activities (for, CG) is enough to promote improvements in the mood state of healthy elderly women. This is an interesting result, as it shows that social interaction is as important a component as improving functional capacity.

Achados ultrassonográficos abdominais relacionados à dengue em um hospital do noroeste paulista / Abdominal ultrasound findings related to dengue in a hospital in northwest são paulo

Introdução: De evolução aguda, a dengue é uma doença infecciosa febril, arbovirose provocada pela picada do mosquito aedes aegypt, atualmente representada por quatro sorotipos virais. A infecção pelo vírus da dengue pode ser assintomática ou sintomática. Quando sintomática causa doença de amplo espectro clínico, incluindo desde formas oligossintomáticas até quadros graves, podendo levar ao óbito. Trata-se, portanto, de um problema de saúde pública nacional, responsável por inúmeras hospitalizações e óbitos, anualmente. Objetivos: A proposta do atual estudo baseia se em descrever os principais achados ultrassonográficos abdominais encontrados em pacientes com quadro sugestivo de dengue e demonstrar o valor da ultrassonografia como ferramenta preditiva na avaliação de casos de agravo. Material e Método: Estudo retrospectivo, descritivo por meio do qual se realizou a análise dos laudos de imagem abdominal de pacientes com casos sugestivos de dengue, atendidos em um hospital-escola, em Catanduva-SP, no primeiro semestre de 2022, submetidos a ultrassom abdominal na data de atendimento e cujos valores obtidos foram compilados em tabelas. Resultados: Os achados de 102 ultrassonografias analisadas apontam espessamento da parede da vesícula biliar (15,8%), líquido livre na cavidade abdominal e/ou pélvica (10,9%), esplenomegalia (10,0%), hepatomegalia (2,0%) e dilatação das vias biliares intra e extra-hepáticas (1,0%). Conclusão: Os achados ultrassonográficos abdominais são uma ferramenta adjuvante útil na avaliação de sinais de alarme, como ascite e visceromegalias, em pacientes com quadro sugestivo de dengue, especialmente a hemorrágica, bem como na detecção precoce da gravidade e da progressão da doença, portanto, um preditor de severidade.

Introduction: Of acute evolution, dengue is a febrile infectious disease, arbovirose caused by the bite of the mosquito Aedes aegypt, currently represented by four viral serotypes. Dengue virus infection may be asymptomatic or symptomatic. When symptomatic causes disease of broad clinical spectrum, including from oligosymptomatic forms to severe conditions, which can lead to death. It is therefore a national public health problem, responsible for numerous hospitalizations and deaths, annually. Objectives: The proposal of the current study is based on describing the main abdominal ultrasound findings found in patients with suggestive of dengue and demonstrate the value of ultrasound as a predictive tool in the evaluation of cases of illness. Material and Method: Retrospective, descriptive study through which the analysis of abdominal imaging reports of patients with cases suggestive of dengue, attended at the Padre Albino Hospital, Catanduva-SP, in the first half of 2022, was performed submitted to abdominal ultrasound at the date of care and whose values were compiled in tables. Results: The findings of 102 ultrasonographies analyzed indicate thickening of the gallbladder wall (15.8%), free fluid in the abdominal and/or pelvic cavity (10.9%), splenomegaly (10.0%), hepatomegaly (2.0%) and dilation of the extra biliary ways (1.0%). Conclusion: Abdominal ultrasonographic findings are a useful adjuvant tool in the evaluation of warning signs, such as ascites and visceromegaly, in patients with suggestive of dengue, especially hemorrhagic, as well as in the early detection of disease severity and progression, therefore a predictor of severity

Introducción: Con una evolución aguda, el dengue es una enfermedad infecciosa febril, un arbovirus causado por la picadura del mosquito Aedes aegypt, actualmente representado por cuatro serotipos virales. La infección por el virus del dengue puede ser asintomática o sintomática. Cuando es sintomático, provoca una enfermedad con un amplio espectro clínico, que incluye desde formas oligosintomáticas hasta casos graves, que pueden conducir a la muerte. Es, por tanto, un problema de salud pública nacional, responsable de numerosas hospitalizaciones y muertes anualmente. Objetivos: El propósito del presente estudio se basa en describir los principales hallazgos ecográficos abdominales encontrados en pacientes con síntomas sugestivos de dengue y demostrar el valor de la ecografía como herramienta predictiva en la evaluación de casos de enfermedad. Material y Método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo mediante el cual se analizó los informes de imágenes abdominales de pacientes con casos sugestivos de dengue, atendidos en el Hospital Padre Albino, Catanduva-SP, en el primer semestre de 2022, a quienes se les realizó ecografía abdominal en la fecha del servicio, y cuyos valores obtenidos fueron recopilados en tablas. Resultados: Los hallazgos de 102 ecografías analizadas indican engrosamiento de la pared vesicular (15,8%), líquido libre en cavidad abdominal y/o pélvica (10,9%), esplenomegalia (10,0%), hepatomegalia (2,0%) y dilatación de las vías biliares intra y extrahepáticas (1,0%). Conclusión: Los hallazgos de la ecografía abdominal son una herramienta coadyuvante útil en la evaluación de signos de alarma, como ascitis y visceromegalia, en pacientes con cuadro sugestivo de dengue, especialmente dengue hemorrágico, así como en la detección precoz de la gravedad y progresión de la enfermedad, por lo tanto, un predictor de gravedad.

Performance analysis of innovative cleaning and soiling mitigation solutions in the semi-arid climate of Benguerir Morocco.

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the performance of the hydrophobic coatings and detergent cleaning & antistatic protection for photovoltaic solar panels in semi-arid weather conditions in Benguerir Morocco. Various coating and cleaning strategies were tested on five photovoltaic (PV) systems with the same PV panels and electrical configurations. The first PV system (uncleaned) was not subject to any coatings or cleaning solutions. The second PV system (Water Cleaned) was periodically cleaned with raw water. The third PV system: solar wash protects (SWP) made use of a cleaning solution. The fourth:D solar defender (DSS) and fifth: industrial glass protect (IGP) PV systems each had a unique combination of the two hydrophobic coatings. The results demonstrated that after 9 months of operation, in the first 3 months (cleaning period) the average efficiency gain of the coated PV panels is around 10% compared to the reference system. Whereas in the non-cleaning period after 6 months of exposure, the efficiency gain is around 5%. After the outdoor exposure period, the cumulative energy gain of the coated systems compared to the water-cleaned reference reaches an average of 3%. It has been found that the SWP used 50% less water to clean the PV panels than the system cleaned without a cleaning solution, which made the panels harder to clean. The SWP is more successful at dust removal during the dry season (August-February) with low rain rates. However, during the rainy season (March-April), IGP outperformed SWP and DSD, with a small difference in PV performance. This study demonstrates the significance of using new cleaning strategies such as anti-soling coatings in dry areas to enhance the performance of photovoltaic systems, which may be useful for investors, researchers, and engineers interested in grid-connected photovoltaic and self-cleaning technology.

Interconnected marine habitats form a single continental-scale reef system in South America.

Large gaps in reef distribution may hinder the dispersal of marine organisms, interrupting processes vital to the maintenance of biodiversity. Here we show the presence and location of extensive reef habitats on the continental shelf between the Amazon Reef System (ARS) and the Eastern Brazilian Reef System (ERS), two reef complexes off eastern South America. Formations located 20-50 m deep include both biogenic and geogenic structures. The presence of diverse reef assemblages suggests the widespread occurrence of rocky substrates below 50 m. These habitats represent an expansion of both the ARS and ERS and the closure of the only remaining large-scale gap (~ 1000 km) among West Atlantic reef environments. This indicates that the SW Atlantic harbors a single, yet heterogeneous, reef system that stretches for about 4000 km, and thus, represents one of the largest semi-continuous tropical marine ecosystems in the world.

Systematic review of antiprotozoal potential of antimicrobial peptides.

Protozoa is a group of microorganisms that cause neglected tropical diseases, such as malaria, Chagas disease, and Leishmaniasis. Due to the growing demand for new therapeutic agents, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have gained attention for antiprotozoal action. A systematic literature review described the current scenario of plant and animal AMPs with action antiprotozoal. The terms "antimicrobial peptides", "plant", and "animal" combined with the names of the etiological agents were used in the search. Boolean and Operator were used to connect the terms. The search found 4,825 articles. However, 79 articles were excluded because they were duplicates, and 4,627 were excluded based on title and abstract. Therefore, 119 were evaluated and included here. Of these, the use of antimicrobial peptides of animal origin was predominant. Still, the works with plant peptides focused on the genus Leishmania. Only antimicrobial peptides of animal origin were described for the other genera of protozoa (Toxoplasma spp, Trypanosoma spp, Plasmodium spp). Antimicrobial peptides are an excellent option as a pharmacological tool to fight these infections due to their aggregation and extravasation of cellular content through the formation of pores in the cell membrane of these microorganisms.

Distribution and New Records of the Bluntnose Sixgill Shark, Hexanchus griseus (Hexanchiformes: Hexanchidae), from the Tropical Southwestern Atlantic.

The bluntnose sixgill shark, Hexanchus griseus, is a widely distributed demersal species found in tropical and temperate waters of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, inhabiting continental shelves and slopes, islands, and mid-ocean ridges at depths ranging from 200 to 1100 m. In the Southwestern Atlantic, this species has been recorded from northeastern to southern Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. Despite this, the known distribution of this species in the Southwestern Atlantic is very patchy and, in some cases, still mostly ignored in the literature, such as in northeastern Brazil. This study, therefore, aimed to report 23 new records of Hexanchus griseus in the Tropical Southwestern Atlantic and highlight the presence of this species off the northeastern Brazilian coast. So far, Hexanchus griseus was officially reported from the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, and the state of Ceará along the northeast coast of Brazil. Herein, the known distribution is extended to the continental shelf breaks and upper slopes of other Brazilian states, reinforcing the previously reported occurrence of the species near the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago.

Acurácia do diagnóstico clínico de lesões orais malignas em um Centro de Referência do Nordeste Brasileiro / Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of oral malignant lesions in a Northeastern Brazilian Reference Center

Objetivo: avaliar a acurácia do diagnóstico clínico comparando com o diagnóstico histopatológico de lesões malignas analisadas no Laboratório de Patologia Oral do Centro de Referências de Lesões Orais da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana. Metodologia: foi realizado um estudo de validade de diagnóstico em uma amostra composta por 1.926 casos que foram submetidos à biópsias orais no período de 2005 a 2017. Resultados: observou-se que a sensibilidade do diagnóstico clínico na detecção de lesões malignas foi de 75% e a especificidade foi de 97%. O valor preditivo positivo foi de 77% e o valor preditivo negativo foi de 95%. O valor da acurácia foi de 95%, correspondendo assim a uma acurácia alta. Os indivíduos com lesões malignas eram do sexo masculino (65,9%) e acima de 40 anos (93,2%). Ao analisar as características clínicas das lesões, foi observado que a localização mais frequente foi a língua (29,4%), com coloração vermelha (54,9%), sendo a úlcera (50%) a lesão fundamental mais comum. As lesões se apresentaram maiores que 10cm (72,7%) e 54,4% das lesões estiveram presentes há mais de 12 meses na cavidade oral. Conclusões: o exame clínico demonstrou uma alta precisão na identificação de lesões malignas em cavidade oral, demonstrando assim a importância do conhecimento prévio das características das lesões por estudantes e profissionais da Odontologia. Entretanto, apesar de sua validade, não se deve abrir mão do exame histopatológico para a confirmação da suspeita clínica.

Purpose: to evaluate the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis comparing with the histopathological diagnosis of malignant lesions analyzed in the Laboratory of Oral Pathology of the Center of Reference of Oral lesions of the State University of Feira de Santana. Methodology: a diagnostic validity study was performed in a sample of 1,926 oral biopsies cases from 2005 to 2017. Results: it was observed that the sensitivity of the clinical diagnosis in the detection of malignant lesions was 75% and the specificity was 97%. The positive predictive value was 77% and the negative predictive value was 95%. The value of the accuracy was 95%, thus corresponding to a high accuracy. The individuals with malignant lesions were male (65.9%) and over 40 (93.2%). The clinical characteristics of the lesions were analyzed and it was observed that the most frequent location was the tongue (29.4%), with a red color (54.9%), and ulcer (50%) was the most common fundamental lesion. The lesions were larger than 10cm (72.7%) and 54.4% of the lesions were present for more than 12 months in the oral cavity. Conclusions: the clinical examination demonstrated a high validity in the identification of malignant lesions in the oral cavity, thus demonstrating the importance of prior knowledge of the characteristics of the lesions by students and dental professionals. However, despite its reliability, the histopathological examination should not be dismissed, due to confirm the clinical suspicion.

Lazer em tempos de distanciamento social: impactos da pandemia de covid-19 nas atividades de lazer de universitários na cidade de Macapá (AP) / Leisure in times of social distance: impacts of the covid-19 pandemic on leisure activities of university students in the city of Macapá (AP)

Este artigo identifica os impactos nas formas de lazer vividas por universitários na cidade de Macapá (AP), diante do período de distanciamento social imposto pela pandemia de COVID-19. Combinamos o uso da pesquisa bibliográfica com a aplicação de questionário virtual (Plataforma Google Forms). O questionário continha cinco questões de múltipla escolha. Obtivemos o retorno de 456 instrumentais. Os resultados indicam que o distanciamento social trouxe impactos para o lazer dos sujeitos, pois resultou no aumento da "residencialização" e da "virtualização" do lazer. Se, antes, observamos tendência para prática de lazeres vivenciados na natureza e com forte caráter de sociabilidade, o distanciamento social resultou em aumento de lazeres vividos no ambiente doméstico, bem como em práticas ligadas ao uso da internet, como jogos online; assistir a lives e filmes; acesso a redes sociais; uso de celulares e computadores.

This article identifies the impacts on the forms of leisure experienced by university students in the city of Macapá (AP), in the face of the period of social distance imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. We combined the use of bibliographic research with the application of a virtual questionnarie (Google forms platform). The questionnarie contained 5 multiple choice questions. We obtained the return of 456 instruments. The results indicate that the social distance has had an impact on the subjects' leisure, as it resulted in an increase in "residentialization" and "virtualization" of leisure. If, before, we observed a tendency to practice leisure activities experienced in nature and with a strong sociability character, social distance resulted in an increase in leisure activities experienced in the domestic environment, as well as in practices related to the use of the internet, such as online games; watching lives and movies; use of cell phones and computers

Lifestyle, morbidity and multimorbity in adult quilombolas / Estilo de vida, morbidades e multimorbidade em quilombolas adultos

INTRODUCTION: The negative lifestyle has been associated with adverse health conditions, predisposing to the increase of morbidity and mortality in various populations. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of lifestyle with morbidities and multimorbidity in adult quilombolas, residents of slave descendant communities (quilombos). METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a representative sample of adult living in quilombos located in a geographical region of Bahia State, in Brazil. Data were obtained by applying a standardized form for sociodemographic characteristics and morbidities. Lifestyle was evaluated using the questionnaire Perfil de Estilo de Vida Individual (PEVI), encompassing the domains: nutrition, physical activity, preventive behavior, social relationships and stress control. Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios, with statistical significance for p<0.05. RESULTS: Negative PEVI score were identified in 18.5% of the quilombolas. High blood pressure, central obesity and multimorbity affected 53.5%, 56.2% and 50.2% of the population, respectively. Men had more positive PEVI score, however the nutrition domain was more negative. Physical activity and stress control domains from women were more negative. Central obesity was associated to the domain of physical activity. Dyslipidemias and multimorbidity were associated with the domain of preventive behavior. CONCLUSION: About one fifth of the quilombolas presented negative PEVI and high prevalence of morbidity and multimorbidity. The different associations between PEVI and its domains (physical activity, preventive behavior and stress control) reveal that the adoption of positive health habits infers in the presence of morbidities.

INTRODUÇÃO: O estilo de vida negativo tem sido associado a condições adversas a saúde, predispondo ao aumento de morbidade e mortalidade nas mais variadas populações. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação do estilo de vida com morbidades e multimorbidade em adultos quilombolas, residentes de comunidades descendentes de escravos (quilombos). MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com amostra representativa de adultos habitantes de quilombos de uma região geográfica do Estado da Bahia, no Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos por aplicação de formulário padronizado contendo características sociodemográficas e morbidades. O estilo de vida foi avaliado como positivo ou negativo pelo questionário Perfil de Estilo de Vida Individual (PEVI), que abrange os domínios: nutrição, atividade física, comportamento preventivo, relacionamentos, controle do estresse. Utilizou-se regressão de Poisson para estimar razões de prevalência, com significância estatística para p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados 18,5% dos quilombolas com PEVI negativo. Pressão alta, obesidade central e multimorbidade acometem respectivamente 53,5%, 56,2% e 50,2% da população. Os homens apresentam PEVI mais positivo, no entanto o domínio alimentação é mais negativo. As mulheres apresentaram os domínios atividade física e controle do estresse mais negativos. Obesidade central se associou ao domínio de atividade física e as dislipidemias e multimorbidade com o domínio do comportamento preventivo. CONCLUSÃO: Cerca de um quinto dos quilombolas apresentaram PEVI negativo, alta prevalência de morbidades e multimorbidade. As diferentes associações entre PEVI e seus domínios (atividade física, comportamento preventivo e controle do Stress) revelam que a adoção de hábitos positivos de saúde infere na presença das morbidades.

Simultaneidades dos componentes da síndrome metabólica em adultos quilombolas baianos, Brasil / Clusters of metabolic syndrome components in adult quilombolas (inhabitants of black communities) from bahia state, Brazil / Simultaneidades de los componentes del síndrome metabólico en adultos de quilombolas (habitantes de comunidades negras) baianos, Brasil

Objetivo: analisar os padrões de simultaneidade da síndrome metabólica e os fatores sociodemográficos associados em quilombolas baianos. Métodos: Na amostra representativa de 850 adultos quilombolas, os componentes da síndrome metabólica foram definidos conforme o critério Joint Interim Statement. A razão entre a prevalência observada e a esperada determinaram as simultaneidades aumentadas. A regressão de Poisson com variância robusta testou as associações da maior simultaneidade e as variáveis sociodemográficas. Resultados: Metade das combinações da síndrome metabólica apresentaram prevalência observada maior que prevalência esperada. A hipertrigliceridemia foi o componente mais presente nas simultaneidades aumentadas. Após análise múltipla situação laboral e escolaridade permaneceram associadas (p<0,05) à maior simultaneidade. Conclusão: Ocorreu alta presença de simultaneidades aumentas em adultos quilombolas, tendo a hipertrigliceridemia como elemento mais recorrente. Além disso, a maior simultaneidade se associou trabalho remunerado e <5 anos de escolarização.(AU)

Objective: To analyze the simultaneity patterns of the metabolic syndrome and the associated sociodemographic factors in Bahian quilombolas. Methods: In the representative sample of 850 quilombola adults, the components of the metabolic syndrome were defined according to the Joint Interim Statement criterion. The ratio between observed and expected prevalence determined the increased simultaneities. Poisson regression with robust variance tested the associations of greatest simultaneity and sociodemographic variables. Results: Half of the metabolic syndrome combinations had higher prevalence than expected prevalence. Hypertriglyceridemia was the most common component in the increased simultaneities. After multiple analysis, employment status and education remained associated (p <0.05) with greater simultaneity. Conclusion: There was a high presence of increased simultaneities in quilombola adults, with hypertriglyceridemia as the most recurrent element. In addition, the highest simultaneity was associated with paid work and <5 years of schooling.(AU)

Objetivo: analizar los patrones de simultaneidad del síndrome metabólico y los factores sociodemográficos asociados en las quilombolas de Bahía. Métodos: En la muestra representativa de 850 adultos de quilombola, los componentes del síndrome metabólico se definieron de acuerdo con el criterio de la Declaración Interina Conjunta. La relación entre la prevalencia observada y la esperada determinó el aumento de las simultaneidades. La regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta probó las asociaciones de mayor simultaneidad y variables sociodemográficas. Resultados: La mitad de las combinaciones de síndrome metabólico tuvieron una prevalencia más alta que la esperada. La hipertrigliceridemia fue el componente más común en el aumento de las simultaneidades. Después de múltiples análisis, la situación laboral y la educación permanecieron asociadas (p <0.05) con una mayor simultaneidad. Conclusión: Hubo una alta presencia de simultaneidades aumentadas en adultos de quilombola, con hipertrigliceridemia como el elemento más recurrente. Además, la mayor simultaneidad se asoció con el trabajo remunerado y <5 años de escolaridad.(AU)

Nível de atividade física de gestantes atendidas em unidades básicas de saúde de um município do nordeste brasileiro / Physical activity level of pregnant women attended at basic health units of a Brazilian Northeast municipality

Resumo Introdução A atividade física é um componente do estilo de vida positivo que pode ser influenciado pelo período gestacional. Objetivo Avaliar o nível de atividade física e fatores associados em gestantes atendidas pelas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) de um município nordestino. Método Estudo transversal, com amostra de 127 gestantes assistidas pelo programa de pré-natal em UBS de Vitória da Conquista/Bahia. A atividade física foi investigada pelo Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire. As análises estatísticas, brutas e ajustadas, exploraram as variáveis sociodemográficas e do estilo de vida. Resultados Pouco mais da metade das gestantes são insuficientemente ativas (52,6%). Os maiores gastos diários de energia foram relacionados às atividades domésticas. A maioria das participantes é insuficientemente ativa no lazer (98,9%). Menor renda e baixa escolaridade estiveram associadas a menores níveis de atividade física. Conclusão Mais da metade das gestantes avaliadas apresentaram valores insatisfatórios para os níveis de atividade física. Quando consideradas as atividades de lazer, poucas mulheres relataram realizar alguma atividade física de forma regular. Programas de atividade física que estimulem, orientem e desenvolvam diferentes modalidades de exercícios devem ser estimulados, visto os benefícios para a saúde da gestante e do feto.

Abstract Background Physical activity is a component of a positive lifestyle that can be influenced by the gestational period. Objective To evaluate the level of physical activity and associated factors in pregnant women attended by the Basic Health Units (BHU) of a Northeastern municipality. Method This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 127 pregnant women assisted by the prenatal program at UBS, Vitória da Conquista/Bahia. The physical activity was investigated by the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire. The crude and adjusted statistical analyzes explored sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. Results Little more than half of the pregnant women are insufficiently active (52.6%). The largest daily energy expenditures were related to domestic activities. Most of the participants are insufficiently active in leisure (98.9%). Lower income and low school level were associated with lower levels of physical activity. Conclusion More than half of pregnant women presented unsatisfactory values ​​for physical activity levels. When considering leisure activities, few women reported performing any physical activity on a regular basis. Physical activity programs that stimulate, guide and develop different modalities of exercise should be stimulated, considering the health benefits of the pregnant woman and the fetus.

Análise comparativa entre dinamometria e equações antropométricas preditoras da força de preensão manual em idosos / Comparative analysis between dynamometry and different anthropometric equations predicting of handgrip strength of elderly

A Força de Preensão Manual (FPM) é uma medida bastante utilizada na prática clínica como um indicador de saúde, por representar a força muscular global. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os coeficientes de concordância entre dinamometria e diferentes equações antropométricas preditoras da força de preensão manual em idosos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal baseado nos dados da pesquisa epidemiológica de base populacional e domiciliar. Participaram do estudo 283 (85,8%) idosos, residentes na zona urbana do município de Lafaiete Coutinho, com idade > 60 anos. A força de preensão manual foi mensurada por meio da dinamometria e estimada por diferentes equações antropométricas: Tveter et al., Novaes et al., e Fortes et al. As medidas antropométricas utilizadas no estudo foram: peso e estatura. O coeficiente de Lin e os gráficos de Bland Altman foram usados para observar concordância da FPM entre as equações. A média de idade dos idosos foi de 73,8±8,9 anos, peso corporal 60,11 ± 12,54 Kg, estatura média foi 154,83 ± 9,1 cm e IMC 25,05 ± 4,7 kg/m2 . Para os coeficientes houve moderada concordância nas equações antropométricas de Fortes 0,62 (0,55 ­ 0,68), Novaes 0,60 (0,53 ­ 0,66) e Tveter 0,60 (0,53 ­ 0,65) comparada a dinamometria, respectivamente. As equações antropométricas utilizadas para estimar a força de preensão manual apresentaram moderada concordância com o método padrão ouro (dinamometria)....(AU)

The handgrip strength (HGS) is a measure widely used in clinical practice as a health indicator, to represent the overall muscle strength. The aim this study was to analyze the concordance coefficients between dynamometry and different anthropometric equations predictor handgrip strength of elderly. This is a cross-sectional study that analyzed data from epidemiological research of a home and population-based epidemiological survey. Participated in the study 283 (85,8%) elderly people, living in the urban área of the municipality of Lafaiete Coutinho, aged > 60 years. Handgrip strength was measured using dynamometry and different anthropometric equations: Tveter et al., Novaes et al., and Fortes et al. Anthropometric measurements used in the study were: weight and height. The Lin coefficient and the Bland Altman graphics were used to observe the HGS concordance between the different equations. The mean age of the elderly was 73.8 ± 8.9 years, mean body weight was 60.11 ± 12.54 kg, mean height was 154.83 ± 9.1 cm and BMI 25.05 ± 4.7 kg/m2 . For the coefficients there was moderate concordance in the anthropometric equations of Fortes 0,62 (0,55 ­ 0,68), Novaes 0,60 (0,53 ­ 0,66) e Tveter 0,60 (0,53 ­ 0,65) compared to dynamometry, respectively. The anthropometric equations used to estimate the handgrip strength showed moderate concordance with the gold standard test (dynamometry)....(AU)

Equilibrium study of binary mixture biosorption of Cr(III) and Zn(II) by dealginated seaweed waste: investigation of adsorption mechanisms using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis.

The alginate extraction residue (RES) from the Brazilian Sargassum filipendula was successfully employed as biosorbent in this binary equilibrium study, revealing a greater affinity and selectivity for Cr(III) than for Zn(II). Experimental results also revealed that the process is of endothermic nature and well adjusted by Langmuir-Freundlich binary model. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed that coordination with hydroxyl groups of RES prevailed in Cr removal, followed by carboxyl-metal complexation. As far as Zn(II) is concerned, ion exchange with carboxylate groups of RES was the largest contributor. Nevertheless, scanning electron microscopy coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated the participation of sulfate functions in a minor degree.

Overweight and associated factors in Quilombolas from the middle San Francisco, Bahia, Brazil. / Excesso de peso e fatores associados em quilomboras do médio São Francisco baiano, Brasil.

The aim of this article was to analyze the prevalence of overweight and associated factors in adult quilombolas (inhabitants of black communities) from the Middle San Francisco, Bahia. Cross-sectional study with a sample of 112 adults. Overweight was evaluated by body mass index (BMI). Linear regression was used to test associations. The mean age of the participants was 42.1 (standard deviation 18.5) years and there was a predominance of females (55.4%). The prevalence of overweight was 27.7% (95% confidence interval: 19.3;36.1), with a mean BMI of 23.1 (± 3.8) kg/m2. Factors that remained associated in multiple linear regression analysis (p < 0.05) were female gender, negative self-assessment of health, and increased mean arterial pressure (adjusted R2 0.326). The increase in BMI among quilombolas was associated with female gender, negative self-assessment of health and higher mean blood pressure levels.

Excesso de peso e fatores associados em quilomboras do médio São Francisco baiano, Brasil / Overweight and associated factors in Quilombolas from the middle San Francisco, Bahia, Brazil

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a prevalência do excesso de peso e os fatores associados em adultos de comunidade quilombola do médio São Francisco baiano. Estudo transversal com amostra de 112 adultos. O excesso de peso foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC). A regressão linear foi usada para testar as associações, conforme modelo hierárquico de análise. A prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 27,7% (Intervalo de Confiança de 95% - IC95%: 19,3;36,1), com IMC médio de 23,1(± 3,8) Kg/m2, na análise múltipla permaneceram associados (p < 0,05) o sexo feminino, autoavaliação negativa de saúde e aumento da pressão arterial média (R2 ajustado 0,326). O aumento do IMC entre os quilombolas se associou com sexo feminino, autoavaliação negativa de saúde e maiores níveis pressóricos médios.

Abstract The aim of this article was to analyze the prevalence of overweight and associated factors in adult quilombolas (inhabitants of black communities) from the Middle San Francisco, Bahia. Cross-sectional study with a sample of 112 adults. Overweight was evaluated by body mass index (BMI). Linear regression was used to test associations. The mean age of the participants was 42.1 (standard deviation 18.5) years and there was a predominance of females (55.4%). The prevalence of overweight was 27.7% (95% confidence interval: 19.3;36.1), with a mean BMI of 23.1 (± 3.8) kg/m2. Factors that remained associated in multiple linear regression analysis (p < 0.05) were female gender, negative self-assessment of health, and increased mean arterial pressure (adjusted R2 0.326). The increase in BMI among quilombolas was associated with female gender, negative self-assessment of health and higher mean blood pressure levels.

Cross-sectional relationships between sedentary behavior and frailty in older adults.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to analyze the association between frailty and sedentary behavior and to examine the discriminative ability of sedentary behavior in screening frailty in older adults. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study based on data from an epidemiologic population-based household survey involving 316 community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years) of both sexes (173 women and 143 men). The frailty was measured from an adapted version of the criteria proposed by Fried et al. in 2001, which is based on the presence of three or more of the following components: shrinking, weakness, poor endurance/exhaustion, slowness and low activity. Sedentary behavior was determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (long version). RESULTS: The prevalence of frailty was 23.8%, and the average time in sedentary behavior was 6.1±3.2 h/day. Sedentary behavior was independently and positively associated with frailty (PR=1.10; 95% CI: 1.02-1.19; P=0.013). The ROC curve showed that the sedentary behavior could discriminate frail older adults (AUC=0.66; 95% CI: 0.61-0.72), and the best cutoff point was 7 h/day (sensitivity =54% and specificity =75%). CONCLUSIONS: Frailty is strongly associated with sedentary behavior. Sedentary behavior can be a potential marker in screening of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Our findings suggest that reducing the time with sedentary behavior and increasing the time with physical activity may prevent frailty syndrome.

Anthropometric reference values for community-dwelling older adults from northeastern Brazil / Valores antropométricos de referência para idosos residentes em comunidade do nordeste Brasileiro

The aging process is continuous and irreversible and is characterized by physiological and structural alterations and changes in body composition. The aim of this study was to report anthropometric reference values for community-dwelling older adults from northeastern Brazilaccording to gender and age group. This cross-sectional study used data from an epidemiological population-based study involving 316 older adults. The following measures and anthropometric indicators were evaluated: weight, height, body mass index (BMI), triceps skinfold (TSF), waist circumference, arm circumference, calf circumference, and arm muscle circumference (AMC). All data are reported as means, standard deviations, and percentiles. Comparisons between age groups were performed using one-way ANOVA. The study included 173 women (54.7%) and 143 men (45.3%). Body weight and BMI were higher in younger women (60-64 years) compared to older ones (80 years or older). Arm circumference, TSF and AMC were lower in women aged ≥ 75 years compared to women aged 60-64 years. For men, arm circumference and AMC were lower in the oldest age group (≥ 80 years) compared to the youngest group (60 to 74 years). These differences were significant. The present study indicates that changes in body measures occur differently between genders with advancing age. The reduction in muscle mass and body fat is more prominent in women than in men and anthropometric changes are more noticeable in the older age group.

O processo de envelhecimento é contínuo e irreversível, no qual podem ser observadas alterações fisiológicas, estruturais e na composição corporal. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar valores antropométricos de referência para idosos residentes em comunidade do Nordeste do Brasil, de acordo com sexo e grupo etário. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, baseado em dados originados de uma pesquisa epidemiológica, de base populacional, envolvendo 316 idosos. Foram avaliadas as seguintes medidas e indicadores antropométricos: massa corporal, estatura, índice de massa corporal (IMC), dobra cutânea tricipital (DCT), perímetros da cintura, do braço e da panturrilha e a circunferência muscular do braço (CMB). Os dados foram apresentados como médias, desvios padrões e percentis. Comparações entre grupos etários foram realizadas por Anova one-way. Participaram do estudo 173 mulheres (54,7%) e 143 homens (45,3%). Os valores de massa corporal e IMC foram maiores nas mulheres de 60-64 anos, comparadas às mulheres com 80 anos e mais. Os valores do PB, DCT e da CMB foram menores nas mulheres de 75 anos e mais, comparadas às mulheres do grupo etário de 60-64 anos. Para os homens, os valores de PB e CMB foram menores nos indivíduos do grupo etário velhos (≥ 80 anos), comparado aos homens de 60 a 74 anos Essas diferenças foram significativas. Os resultados indicam a ocorrência de alterações nas dimensões corporais, distintas entre os sexos, com o avanço da idade. A redução da massa muscular e da gordura corporal é mais acentuada nas mulheres e as alterações antropométricas são mais perceptíveis no grupo etário mais velho.

[Physical inactivity among non-institutionalized elderly individuals: a population-based study]. / Inatividade física em idosos não institucionalizados: estudo de base populacional.

The scope of this study is to assess the prevalence of physical inactivity among the elderly in Northeast Brazil and analyze the associated lifestyle and socio-demographic factors and health conditions. The work presented here is a descriptive and association-based study using secondary data derived from a population-based epidemiological study that included 316 elderly participants. The physical activity level of each participant was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The explanatory variables examined in this study were gender, age group, family set-up, ability to read and write, paid or voluntary employment, smoking, symptoms of depression, high blood pressure, fasting hyperglycemia and functional capacity. The prevalence of physical inactivity was 46.5. The results of the multivariate analysis indicated that physical inactivity was positively associated with the age group ≥ 80 years (PR = 2.37), with the lack of an occupation (PR = 4.86) and with dependence on instrumental activities of daily life (PR = 1.47) and basic activities of daily life (PR = 1.60). Physical inactivity was highly prevalent in the surveyed population, making it essential to discuss programs that encourage and enable increased physical activity to combat the risk factors of a sedentary lifestyle.

Inatividade física em idosos não institucionalizados: estudo de base populacional / Physical inactivity among non-institutionalized elderly individuals: a population-based study

O objetivo deste estudo é descrever a prevalência de inatividade física e analisar os fatores sociodemográficos, de estilo de vida e condições de saúde associados em idosos do Nordeste brasileiro. Estudo descritivo e de associação, baseado em dados secundários originados de uma pesquisa epidemiológica de base populacional envolvendo 316 idosos. O nível de atividade física foi avaliado por meio do International Physical Activity Questionnaire. As variáveis explanatórias foram: sexo, grupo etário, arranjo familiar, sabe ler e escrever, trabalho remunerado ou voluntário, tabagismo, sintomatologia depressiva, pressão arterial elevada, hiperglicemia em jejum e capacidade funcional. A prevalência da inatividade física foi de 46,5. Os resultados da análise múltipla indicaram que a inatividade física foi positivamente associada ao grupo etário ≥ 80 anos (RP = 2,37), a falta de ocupação (RP = 4,86) e a dependência nas atividades instrumentais de vida diária (RP = 1,47) e nas atividades básicas de vida diária (RP = 1,60). A inatividade física foi altamente prevalente na população estudada, tornando-se imprescindível a discussão de programas que incentivem e possibilite maior adesão à prática da atividade física, tendo em vista o combate a inatividade física e os fatores de risco decorrentes deste comportamento.

The scope of this study is to assess the prevalence of physical inactivity among the elderly in Northeast Brazil and analyze the associated lifestyle and socio-demographic factors and health conditions. The work presented here is a descriptive and association-based study using secondary data derived from a population-based epidemiological study that included 316 elderly participants. The physical activity level of each participant was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The explanatory variables examined in this study were gender, age group, family set-up, ability to read and write, paid or voluntary employment, smoking, symptoms of depression, high blood pressure, fasting hyperglycemia and functional capacity. The prevalence of physical inactivity was 46.5. The results of the multivariate analysis indicated that physical inactivity was positively associated with the age group ≥ 80 years (PR = 2.37), with the lack of an occupation (PR = 4.86) and with dependence on instrumental activities of daily life (PR = 1.47) and basic activities of daily life (PR = 1.60). Physical inactivity was highly prevalent in the surveyed population, making it essential to discuss programs that encourage and enable increased physical activity to combat the risk factors of a sedentary lifestyle.