The relevance of the socio-emotional deficits in cerebral small vessels disease (CSVD): An exploratory study with sporadic CSVD and CADASIL patients.

Background: Cerebral Small Vessels Disease (CSVD) is categorized in different forms, the most common being the sporadic form and a genetic variant - Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). Amongst the most frequent clinical manifestations are the neuropsychological changes of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional nature, whose features are still under debate. Objective: This exploratory study aimed to compare the neuropsychological profile of a sporadic CSVD sample and a CADASIL sample with an age, education, and gender matched control group, between the ages of 30-65 YO (total sample mean age=51.16; SD=4.31). Methods: 20 patients with sporadic CSVD, 20 patients with CADASIL and 20 matched controls completed a neuropsychological assessment battery. Global cognitive state, processing speed, working memory, attention, executive dysfunction, episodic memory, social cognition, impulsivity, apathy, alexithymia, depression, and anxiety were measured. White matter hyperintensities (WMH) volume were quantified and measured as lesion burden. Results: The cognitive differences found between the clinical groups combined (after confirming no differences between the two clinical groups) and matched controls were restricted to speed processing scores (d = 0.32 95 % CI [.12-.47]). The socio-emotional and behavioral profile revealed significantly higher levels of depression (d = 0.21, 95 % CI [.16-.33]). and anxiety (d = 0.25 95 % CI [.19-.32]) in CADASIL and sporadic CSVD groups, and the same for the alexithymia score (d = 0.533 95 % CI [.32-.65]) were the clinical groups revealed impoverished emotional processing compared to controls. WMH only significantly correlated with the cognitive changes and age. Conclusions: In our study, CADASIL and sporadic cSVD patients combined, present multiple emotional-behavioral symptoms - alexithymia, anxiety, depression, and in a lower extent apathy and impulsivity - suggesting for the presence of emotion dysregulation behaviors, present independently of age and of the presence of cognitive deficits. Despite of the small sample size that could underpower some findings, this exploratory research supported that these symptoms may have a significant impact in disease monitoring, progression, and prognosis, requiring further investigation regarding their neurophysiological substrates.

Development and Mechanical Characterization of Short Curauá Fiber-Reinforced PLA Composites Made via Fused Deposition Modeling.

The increase in the use of additive manufacturing (AM) has led to the need for filaments with specific and functional properties in face of requirements of structural parts production. The use of eco-friendly reinforcements (i.e., natural fibers) as an alternative to those more traditional synthetic counterparts is still scarce and requires further investigation. The main objective of this work was to develop short curauá fiber-reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites made via fused deposition modeling. Three different fiber lengths (3, 6, and 8 mm), and three concentrations in terms of weight percentage (2, 3.5, and 5 wt.%) were used to fabricate reinforced PLA filaments. Tensile and flexural tests in accordance with their respective American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards were performed. A thermal analysis was also carried out in order to investigate the thermal stability of the new materials. It was found that the main driving factor for the variation in mechanical properties was the fiber weight fraction. The increase in fiber length did not provide any significant benefit on the mechanical properties of the curauá fiber-reinforced PLA composite printed parts. The composites produced with PLA filaments reinforced by 3 mm 2% curauá fiber presented the overall best mechanical and thermal properties of all studied groups. The curauá fiber-reinforced PLA composites made via fused deposition modeling may be a promising innovation to improve the performance of these materials, which might enable them to serve for new applications.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PROXIMAL FEMORAL FRACTURES IN OLDER ADULTS AT THE REGIONAL HOSPITAL IN COTIA - SP, BRAZIL.

Objective: To identify the epidemiological profile of older patients with proximal femoral fractures treated at the Hospital Regional de Cotia, SP - Brazil, and describe the nutritional status of these patients. Methods: Data were obtained from the electronic patient medical records from August 2020 to April 2021. The variables studied were age, gender, ethnicity, weight and height (for BMI calculation), and presence of comorbidities. Fracture circumstances were also assessed, including trauma mechanism, anatomical location, and treatment. Moreover, the nutritional profile of patients was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MAN). Results: Most patients were white women, with a mean age of 80 years and an average BMI of 23.55 kg/m2. Almost all patients suffered the fracture at home and the most common comorbidities were systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and Alzheimer's disease. Most patients were considered to be malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. Conclusion: The nutritional status of older adults seems to be directly related to the risk of proximal fractures of the femur. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective Study.

Objetivo: Traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes idosos com fratura de fêmur proximal atendidos no Hospital Regional de Cotia - SP, além de descrever o estado nutricional desses pacientes. Método: As informações para confecção deste trabalho foram obtidas a partir dos prontuários eletrônicos dos pacientes atendidos no período agosto de 2020 a abril de 2021. As variáveis estudadas foram: idade, sexo, etnia, peso e altura (para cálculo do índice de massa corporal - IMC) e presença de comorbidades. Também foram avaliadas as circunstâncias da fratura, tais como mecanismo do trauma, localização anatômica e tratamento instituído. Ainda, avaliou-se o perfil nutricional dos pacientes por meio da Mini Avaliação Nutricional (Mini-MAN). Resultados: Predominaram pacientes do sexo feminino, brancas, com média de 80 anos de idade e IMC médio de 23,55 kg/m 2 . Quase todos os pacientes se acidentaram em casa, e as comorbidades mais observadas foram hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus e doença de Alzheimer. A grande maioria dos pacientes foi considerada desnutrida ou em risco de desnutrição. Conclusão: O estado nutricional dos idosos parece estar diretamente relacionado ao risco de fraturas proximais do fêmur. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo Retrospectivo.

Epidemiological profile of proximal femoral fractures in older adults at the regional hospital in cotia - sp, brazil / Perfil epidemiológico em fratura de fêmur proximal de idosos no hospital regional de cotia - sp

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the epidemiological profile of older patients with proximal femoral fractures treated at the Hospital Regional de Cotia, SP - Brazil, and describe the nutritional status of these patients. Methods: Data were obtained from the electronic patient medical records from August 2020 to April 2021. The variables studied were age, gender, ethnicity, weight and height (for BMI calculation), and presence of comorbidities. Fracture circumstances were also assessed, including trauma mechanism, anatomical location, and treatment. Moreover, the nutritional profile of patients was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MAN). Results: Most patients were white women, with a mean age of 80 years and an average BMI of 23.55 kg/m2. Almost all patients suffered the fracture at home and the most common comorbidities were systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and Alzheimer's disease. Most patients were considered to be malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. Conclusion: The nutritional status of older adults seems to be directly related to the risk of proximal fractures of the femur. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective Study.

RESUMO Objetivo: Traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes idosos com fratura de fêmur proximal atendidos no Hospital Regional de Cotia - SP, além de descrever o estado nutricional desses pacientes. Método: As informações para confecção deste trabalho foram obtidas a partir dos prontuários eletrônicos dos pacientes atendidos no período agosto de 2020 a abril de 2021. As variáveis estudadas foram: idade, sexo, etnia, peso e altura (para cálculo do índice de massa corporal - IMC) e presença de comorbidades. Também foram avaliadas as circunstâncias da fratura, tais como mecanismo do trauma, localização anatômica e tratamento instituído. Ainda, avaliou-se o perfil nutricional dos pacientes por meio da Mini Avaliação Nutricional (Mini-MAN). Resultados: Predominaram pacientes do sexo feminino, brancas, com média de 80 anos de idade e IMC médio de 23,55 kg/m 2 . Quase todos os pacientes se acidentaram em casa, e as comorbidades mais observadas foram hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus e doença de Alzheimer. A grande maioria dos pacientes foi considerada desnutrida ou em risco de desnutrição. Conclusão: O estado nutricional dos idosos parece estar diretamente relacionado ao risco de fraturas proximais do fêmur. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo Retrospectivo.

THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE ORTHOPEDIC CARE SYSTEM IN A PRIVATE HOSPITAL.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the patient flow in the emergency department and the number of surgeries performed, as well as to determine the incidence of diseases due to the impact generated by the pandemic in April, May, June, and July 2020. METHODS: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study that analyzed medical records using the TASY Phillips software. The 2019 information was compiled and served as a basis accomplish our comparative analyses. The ICD-10 was used to determine the different conditions considering the highest incidence of them. RESULTS: there was a reduction in attendance of 49.3%; the reduction in the number of surgeries was 34.39%; among the main diagnoses in decreasing order were: Pain in the Lumbar Spine (18.76%), Joint Pain (14.82%), Neck Pain (7.7%), Ankle Sprain (4.2%) and Pain in the Limb (3.54%). CONCLUSION: There was a decrease in the number of visits and the overall incidence of surgeries in our service. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective Study.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar e comparar o fluxo de pacientes no pronto-socorro e o número de cirurgias, bem como determinar a incidência das doenças pelo impacto gerado pela pandemia nos meses de abril, maio, junho e julho de 2020. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo transversal que analisou prontuários médicos por meio do software TASY Phillips. Foram compiladas as informações do ano de 2019, que serviram como base para realizar as análises comparativas. Foi utilizado o CID-10 para determinar as diferentes afecções de maior incidência. RESULTADOS: Houve redução nos atendimentos de 49,3%; a redução do número de cirurgias foi 34,39%; os principais diagnósticos em ordem decrescente foram: dor na coluna lombar (18,76%), dor articular (14,82%), cervicalgia (7,7%), entorse de tornozelo (4,2%) e dor no membro (3,54%). CONCLUSÃO: Houve decréscimo do número de atendimentos e da incidência global de cirurgias em nosso serviço. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo Retrospectivo.

A Review on the Thermal Characterisation of Natural and Hybrid Fiber Composites.

The thermal stability of natural fiber composites is a relevant aspect to be considered since the processing temperature plays a critical role in the manufacturing process of composites. At higher temperatures, the natural fiber components (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) start to degrade and their major properties (mechanical and thermal) change. Different methods are used in the literature to determine the thermal properties of natural fiber composites as well as to help to understand and determine their suitability for a certain applications (e.g., Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and differential mechanical thermal analysis (DMA)). Weight loss percentage, the degradation temperature, glass transition temperature (Tg), and viscoelastic properties (storage modulus, loss modulus, and the damping factor) are the most common thermal properties determined by these methods. This paper provides an overview of the recent advances made regarding the thermal properties of natural and hybrid fiber composites in thermoset and thermoplastic polymeric matrices. First, the main factors that affect the thermal properties of natural and hybrid fiber composites (fiber and matrix type, the presence of fillers, fiber content and orientation, the treatment of the fibers, and manufacturing process) are briefly presented. Further, the methods used to determine the thermal properties of natural and hybrid composites are discussed. It is concluded that thermal analysis can provide useful information for the development of new materials and the optimization of the selection process of these materials for new applications. It is crucial to ensure that the natural fibers used in the composites can withstand the heat required during the fabrication process and retain their characteristics in service.

The impact of covid-19 on the orthopedic care system in a private hospital / O impacto da covid-19 no sistema de atendimento ortopédico em um hospital privado

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate and compare the patient flow in the emergency department and the number of surgeries performed, as well as to determine the incidence of diseases due to the impact generated by the pandemic in April, May, June, and July 2020. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study that analyzed medical records using the TASY Phillips software. The 2019 information was compiled and served as a basis accomplish our comparative analyses. The ICD-10 was used to determine the different conditions considering the highest incidence of them. Results: there was a reduction in attendance of 49.3%; the reduction in the number of surgeries was 34.39%; among the main diagnoses in decreasing order were: Pain in the Lumbar Spine (18.76%), Joint Pain (14.82%), Neck Pain (7.7%), Ankle Sprain (4.2%) and Pain in the Limb (3.54%). Conclusion: There was a decrease in the number of visits and the overall incidence of surgeries in our service. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective Study.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar o fluxo de pacientes no pronto-socorro e o número de cirurgias, bem como determinar a incidência das doenças pelo impacto gerado pela pandemia nos meses de abril, maio, junho e julho de 2020. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo transversal que analisou prontuários médicos por meio do software TASY Phillips. Foram compiladas as informações do ano de 2019, que serviram como base para realizar as análises comparativas. Foi utilizado o CID-10 para determinar as diferentes afecções de maior incidência. Resultados: Houve redução nos atendimentos de 49,3%; a redução do número de cirurgias foi 34,39%; os principais diagnósticos em ordem decrescente foram: dor na coluna lombar (18,76%), dor articular (14,82%), cervicalgia (7,7%), entorse de tornozelo (4,2%) e dor no membro (3,54%). Conclusão: Houve decréscimo do número de atendimentos e da incidência global de cirurgias em nosso serviço. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo Retrospectivo.

Abordagem multidisciplinar do ostomizado / Multidisciplinary staff of the stomized

Os estomas intestinais alteram a fisiologia gastrintestinal, a auto-estima e imagem corporal, causando mudanças na vida laborativa, familiar, social e afetiva do ostomizado. Os estomas intestinais afetam também a vida sexual do ostomizado. Nosso estudo constou de uma entrevista a 59 indivíduos que freqüentaram reuniões no núcleo dos ostomizados de Juiz de Fora- MG, durante os meses de outubro e novembro de 2003. O questionário foi elaborado por uma equipe multidisciplinar, que incluiu médico coloproctologista, enfermeiro estomaterapeuta, psicólogo e assistente social. O objetivo do presente estudo foi conhecer os diferentes aspectos da vida do ostomizado, avaliar a aceitação do estoma pelo paciente e o seu posicionamento frente à aquisição deste,e,ainda, avaliar o retorno do paciente às atividades pessoais, sociais e laborativas após a cirurgia. Concluímos que uma abordagem multidisciplinar oferece benefícios ao paciente, facilitando sua reabilitação, através da aceitação e adaptação à nova imagem corporal, e também favorecendo o auto-cuidado.