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1.
Stem Cells Int ; 2015: 895714, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26273307

RESUMO

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been established as promising candidate sources of universal donor cells for cell therapy due to their contributions to tissue and organ homeostasis, repair, and support by self-renewal and multidifferentiation, as well as by their anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, immunomodulatory, trophic, and proangiogenic properties. Various diseases have been treated by MSCs in animal models. Additionally, hundreds of clinical trials related to the potential benefits of MSCs are in progress. However, although all MSCs are considered suitable to exert these functions, dissimilarities have been found among MSCs derived from different tissues. The same levels of efficacy and desired outcomes have not always been achieved in the diverse studies that have been performed thus far. Moreover, autologous MSCs can be affected by the disease status of patients, compromising their use. Therefore, collecting information regarding the characteristics of MSCs obtained from different sources and the influence of the host (patient) medical conditions on MSCs is important for assuring the safety and efficacy of cell-based therapies. This review provides relevant information regarding factors to consider for the clinical application of MSCs.

3.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci ; 55(9): 5967-78, 2014 Aug 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25139734

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether mouse adipose tissue mesothelial cells (ATMCs) share morphologic and biochemical characteristics with mouse corneal endothelial cells (CECs) and to evaluate their capacity to adhere to the decellularized basal membrane of human anterior lens capsules (HALCs) as a potential tissue-engineered surrogate for corneal endothelium replacement. METHODS: Adipose tissue mesothelial cells were isolated from the visceral adipose tissue of adult mice, and their expression of several corneal endothelium markers was determined with quantitative RT-PCR, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting. Adipose tissue mesothelial cells were cultured in a mesothelial retaining phenotype medium (MRPM) and further seeded and cultured on top of the decellularized basal membrane of HALCs. ATMC-HALC composites were evaluated by optical microscopy, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Mesothelial retaining phenotype medium-cultured ATMCs express the corneal endothelium markers COL4A2, COL8A2, SLC4A4, CAR2, sodium- and potassium-dependent adenosine triphosphatase (Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase), ß-catenin, zona occludens-1, and N-cadherin in a pattern similar to that in mouse CECs. Furthermore, ATMCs displayed strong adhesion capacity onto the basal membrane of HALCs and formed a confluent monolayer within 72 hours of culture in MRPM. Ultrastructural morphologic and marker characteristics displayed by ATMC monolayer on HALCs clearly indicated that ATMCs retained their original phenotype of squamous epithelial-like cells. CONCLUSIONS: Corneal endothelial cells and ATMCs share morphologic (structural) and marker (functional) similarities [corrected]. The ATMCs adhered and formed structures mimicking focal adhesion complexes with the HALC basal membrane. Monolayer structure and achieved density of ATMCs support the proposal to use adult human mesothelial cells (MCs) as a possible surrogate for damaged corneal endothelium.


Assuntos
Doenças da Córnea/terapia , Endotélio Corneano/citologia , Células Epiteliais/citologia , Gordura Intra-Abdominal/citologia , Cápsula do Cristalino/citologia , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Células-Tronco Adultas/citologia , Células-Tronco Adultas/ultraestrutura , Animais , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Doenças da Córnea/patologia , Células Epiteliais/ultraestrutura , Epitélio , Feminino , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Cultura Primária de Células
4.
Curr Biol ; 20(21): 1966-72, 2010 Nov 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20970340

RESUMO

The development of multicellular organisms is dependent on the tight coordination between tissue growth and morphogenesis. The stereotypical orientation of cell divisions has been proposed to be a fundamental mechanism by which proliferating and growing tissues take shape. However, the actual contribution of stereotypical division orientation (SDO) to tissue morphogenesis is unclear. In zebrafish, cell divisions with stereotypical orientation have been implicated in both body-axis elongation and neural rod formation, although there is little direct evidence for a critical function of SDO in either of these processes. Here we show that SDO is required for formation of the neural rod midline during neurulation but dispensable for elongation of the body axis during gastrulation. Our data indicate that SDO during both gastrulation and neurulation is dependent on the noncanonical Wnt receptor Frizzled 7 (Fz7) and that interfering with cell division orientation leads to severe defects in neural rod midline formation but not body-axis elongation. These findings suggest a novel function for Fz7-controlled cell division orientation in neural rod midline formation during neurulation.


Assuntos
Padronização Corporal/fisiologia , Divisão Celular/fisiologia , Peixe-Zebra/embriologia , Animais , Polaridade Celular , Gastrulação/fisiologia , Neurulação/fisiologia , Receptores de Superfície Celular/genética , Receptores de Superfície Celular/metabolismo , Receptores de Superfície Celular/fisiologia , Proteínas de Peixe-Zebra/genética , Proteínas de Peixe-Zebra/metabolismo , Proteínas de Peixe-Zebra/fisiologia
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