RESUMO
A fiber laser system emitting ultrashort femtosecond pulses at 1550 nm with configurable properties has been developed as an excitation source for the two-photon absorption transient current technique (TPA-TCT). The modules of the system are designed to provide the optical specifications required at the output for localized characterization of semiconductor radiation detectors: variation of pulse energy between 10 nJ and 10p J, variation of the pulse repetition rate from 8.2 MHz to single shot, and variation of pulse duration between 300 and 600 fs. The validity of the system as an excitation source in the TPA-TCT is demonstrated by measuring spatially resolved excited charge carriers in a silicon detector.
RESUMO
Antecedentes: El fallo renal agudo(FRA) muestra una incidencia enpacientes hospitalizados en unidadde cuidados intensivos (UCI) que vade 4.7% a 9%, con un rango de edadde 50-75 años asociado a múltiplesfactores.Metodología: estudio descriptivoretrospectivo de pacientes en UCI delHospital Roosevelt en el período dediciembre 2012 a marzo del 2013,con el objetivo de determinar laincidencia de FRA. Se definió comoel aumento de creatinina séricamayor de 0.5 mg/dL en 24 horas omás, o mayor del 50% de lacreatinina basal; disminución delfiltrado glomerular del 25% de labasal y/o aumento de la relaciónnitrógeno ureico en sangre: creatininasérica (mayor de 20:1). (18, 19) Seutilizó estadística descriptiva yestadística analítica no paramétricapara el análisis secundario.Resultados: Se incluyeron 29pacientes, 20/29 (69%) fueronmujeres. Se encontró 15/29 (51%)con FRA siendo 12/15 (80%)mujeres. De los pacientes con FRA,5/15 (33%) presentó FRA pre renal,de estos 4/5 (80%) hipovolémico, 1/5(20%) isovolémica y ningunohipervolémico, FRA tipo intrínseco en10/15 (66%), no se identificó ningúncaso de tipo pos-renal. Cuando secomparó el uso de antibióticos,diuréticos, AINES (anti inflamatoriosno esteroideos) y tomografía axialcomputarizada con medio decontraste con el desarrollo o no deFRA, no se encontró diferenciaestadísticamente significativos con p:0.74, OR; 0.76; rango de OR; 0.12 5, p: 0.74, OR; 0.76; rango de OR;0.12 5, p: 0.94, OR; 0.93; rango deOR; 0.1 10.1 y p: 0.89, OR; 0.90;rango de OR; 0.2 4.5respectivamente...
Assuntos
Humanos , Anti-Inflamatórios/efeitos adversos , Nefropatias/complicações , Nefropatias/tratamento farmacológico , Insuficiência Renal/complicaçõesRESUMO
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is currently tested as an experimental therapy for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Here we report on the short- and long-term (1 yr) clinical outcomes and tolerance of DBS in eight TRD patients. Electrodes were implanted bilaterally in the subgenual cingulate gyrus (SCG; Broadman areas 24-25), and stimulated at 135 Hz (90-µs pulsewidth). Voltage and active electrode contacts were adjusted to maximize short-term responses. Clinical assessments included the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD17; primary measure), the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Scale. In the first week after surgery, response and remission (HAMD ⩽7) rates were, respectively 87.5% and 50%. These early responses were followed by an overall worsening, with a response and remission rates of 37.5% (3/8) at 1 month. From then onwards, patients showed a progressive improvement, with response and remission rates of 87.5% and 37.5%, respectively, at 6 months. The corresponding figures at 1 yr were 62.5% and 50%, respectively. Clinical effects were seen in all HAMD subscales without a significant incidence of side-effects. Surgical procedure and post-operative period were well-tolerated for all patients. This is the second independent study on the use of DBS of the SCG to treat chronic depression resistant to current therapeutic strategies. DBS fully remitted 50% of the patients at 1 yr, supporting its validity as a new therapeutic strategy for TRD.
