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2.
BMJ Open ; 6(5): e010765, 2016 05 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27147385

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether screening for malnutrition using the validated malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) identifies specific characteristics of patients at risk, in patients with gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP-NET). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust; European Neuroendocrine Tumour Society Centre of Excellence. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with confirmed GEP-NET (n=161) of varying primary tumour sites, functioning status, grading, staging and treatment modalities. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: To identify disease and treatment-related characteristics of patients with GEP-NET who score using MUST, and should be directed to detailed nutritional assessment. RESULTS: MUST score was positive (≥1) in 14% of outpatients with GEP-NET. MUST-positive patients had lower faecal elastase concentrations compared to MUST-negative patients (244±37 vs 383±20 µg/g stool; p=0.018), and were more likely to be on treatment with long-acting somatostatin analogues (65 vs 38%, p=0.021). MUST-positive patients were also more likely to have rectal or unknown primary NET, whereas, frequencies of other GEP-NET including pancreatic NET were comparable between MUST-positive and MUST-negative patients. CONCLUSIONS: Given the frequency of patients identified at malnutrition risk using MUST in our relatively large and diverse GEP-NET cohort and the clinical implications of detecting malnutrition early, we recommend routine use of malnutrition screening in all patients with GEP-NET, and particularly in patients who are treated with long-acting somatostatin analogues.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/tratamento farmacológico , Hormônios/efeitos adversos , Desnutrição/induzido quimicamente , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Somatostatina/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Estudos Transversais , Inglaterra/epidemiologia , Feminino , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/complicações , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/metabolismo , Hormônios/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/complicações , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/complicações , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Somatostatina/análogos & derivados , Somatostatina/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento
3.
Diabetes ; 65(8): 2282-94, 2016 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27207552

RESUMO

Risk of insulin resistance, impaired glycemic control, and cardiovascular disease is excessive in overweight and obese populations. We hypothesized that increasing expression of glyoxalase 1 (Glo1)-an enzyme that catalyzes the metabolism of reactive metabolite and glycating agent methylglyoxal-may improve metabolic and vascular health. Dietary bioactive compounds were screened for Glo1 inducer activity in a functional reporter assay, hits were confirmed in cell culture, and an optimized Glo1 inducer formulation was evaluated in a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial in 29 overweight and obese subjects. We found trans-resveratrol (tRES) and hesperetin (HESP), at concentrations achieved clinically, synergized to increase Glo1 expression. In highly overweight subjects (BMI >27.5 kg/m(2)), tRES-HESP coformulation increased expression and activity of Glo1 (27%, P < 0.05) and decreased plasma methylglyoxal (-37%, P < 0.05) and total body methylglyoxal-protein glycation (-14%, P < 0.01). It decreased fasting and postprandial plasma glucose (-5%, P < 0.01, and -8%, P < 0.03, respectively), increased oral glucose insulin sensitivity index (42 mL ⋅ min(-1) ⋅ m(-2), P < 0.02), and improved arterial dilatation Δbrachial artery flow-mediated dilatation/Δdilation response to glyceryl nitrate (95% CI 0.13-2.11). In all subjects, it decreased vascular inflammation marker soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (-10%, P < 0.01). In previous clinical evaluations, tRES and HESP individually were ineffective. tRES-HESP coformulation could be a suitable treatment for improved metabolic and vascular health in overweight and obese populations.


Assuntos
Glicemia/efeitos dos fármacos , Hesperidina/uso terapêutico , Lactoilglutationa Liase/metabolismo , Obesidade/tratamento farmacológico , Sobrepeso/tratamento farmacológico , Estilbenos/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Linhagem Celular , Estudos Cross-Over , Feminino , Glutationa/metabolismo , Dissulfeto de Glutationa/metabolismo , Células Hep G2 , Hesperidina/farmacologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Biológicos , Obesidade/sangue , Obesidade/metabolismo , Sobrepeso/sangue , Sobrepeso/metabolismo , Aldeído Pirúvico/metabolismo , Resveratrol , Estilbenos/farmacologia , Adulto Jovem
4.
BMJ Case Rep ; 20112011 Aug 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22678732

RESUMO

An 18-year-old man presented with a 2 day history of breathlessness and left-sided chest pain, with no preceding trauma. He had no medical history of note, and had never smoked. He was in hypovolaemic shock, with Hb of 8.1 g/dl, and received fluid resuscitation. Chest x-ray (CXR) revealed left-sided hydropneumothorax, with the effusion of blood-consistency on CT thorax. Tube thoracostomy drained 1.7 litres of blood immediately. He remained haemodynamically stable after 4 units of blood transfusion on the first day with post-transfusion Hb 11 g/dl. Following cardiothoracic surgeon advice, tube was removed on day 5 draining total of 3.5 litres, with good response clinically and radiologically. Patient was well when followed up at 1 week after hospital discharge, with no recurrence and complete re-expansion of left lung on CXR.


Assuntos
Hemopneumotórax/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemopneumotórax/cirurgia , Adolescente , Dor no Peito/etiologia , Drenagem , Dispneia/etiologia , Hemopneumotórax/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Choque/etiologia , Choque/terapia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
5.
Cases J ; 2: 9142, 2009 Dec 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20062659

RESUMO

The symptoms of Crohn's disease can vary significantly among afflicted individuals. It is a chronic inflammatory disease, which has many complications involving gastrointestinal and other symptoms. The diagnosis of gallstone ileus is difficult in Crohn's disease and an early diagnosis can reduce mortality. We present a case of 72 year old female with known Crohn's disease with acute right iliac fossa pain. She was investigated with an abdominal CT, giving a definite diagnosis of gallstone ileus.

6.
Cases J ; 2: 9285, 2009 Sep 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20184714

RESUMO

The symptoms of Crohn's disease can vary significantly among afflicted individuals. It is a chronic inflammatory disease, which has many complications involving gastrointestinal and other symptoms. The diagnosis of gallstone ileus is difficult in Crohn's disease and an early diagnosis can reduce mortality. We present a case of 72 year old female with known Crohn's disease with acute right iliac fossa pain. She was investigated with an abdominal CT, giving a definite diagnosis of gallstone ileus.

7.
Cases J ; 1(1): 349, 2008 Nov 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19025631

RESUMO

The diagnosis of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in an acute hospital setting can present as a challenge. We present a case of 32 year Caucasian male with gradual swelling of his face and neck with increasing hoarseness of voice. He was treated for anaphylaxis with little improvement. He underwent a video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery procedure (VATS) with a definite diagnosis of sub pleural bleb.

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