Teachers' teaching and professional competences assessment.

This research is part of a project led by the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil (Ecuador) and the National Distance Education University - UNED (Spain) aiming at designing a teaching/professional competences training model for teachers. The purpose of this study is to assess the meaning of professional competences and their significance within teachers' teaching and training processes. Using the mixed methods approach, an ad hoc questionnaire was designed and given to discussion groups, achieving participation of more than a hundred teachers. Quantitative data analysis was carried out using the Logit model while Atlas ti 23 allowed analysis of the qualitative data. The results evidenced high scores in the competences evaluated, being leadership and research the lowest. In general, the teachers value, preferably, planning, communication, evaluation, methodology, digital, and tutoring competences, with a lower value among teachers ranging from 25 to 30 years old; those older than 55 stressed the importance of digital and innovation competences. Thus, it is recommended that training programs for teachers should focus on the set of related competences, especially on the digital competence, considering the challenges represented by investigation and pedagogical leadership.

Modelos educativos frente a la diversidad cultural: la educación intercultural / Educational models facing diversity: intercultural edcaation

RESUMEN El artículo tiene como propósito, en primer lugar, describir cómo influye en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje la diversidad cultural, identificar las propuestas educativas, los modelos y enfoques que esta diversidad ha generado como respuesta pedagógica. En segundo lugar, se define la Educación Intercultural como el modelo idóneo para trabajar la diversidad cultural en los Centros Educativos, por su enfoque holístico que a la vez reconoce las aportaciones de cada una de las culturas presentes en las escuelas y promueve actitudes de colaboración y la estimulación positiva de cada una de ellas. Finalmente, se presenta la investigación realizada en un Instituto de Educación Secundaria de Málaga (España), sobre las percepciones y expectativas de docentes y estudiantes con respecto a la interculturalidad. La metodología utilizada fue de tipo mixto y se utilizaron diferentes técnicas como la encuesta, test sociométrico, análisis de documentos y observación participante. Producto de la triangulación de las diferentes técnicas de recogida de información, se elaboran las conclusiones y recomendaciones, entre las que destacan la necesidad de abordar la educación intercultural desde el currículum, la importancia del trabajo colaborativo, la creación de un clima empático que favorezca la interacción entre las diferentes culturas presentes y permita el diseño e implementación de estrategias y métodos acordes con la realidad intercultural en el Instituto.

ABSTRACT Educational models versus cultural diversity: intercultural education The purpose of this article is, first of all, to describe how cultural diversity influences the teaching - learning processes in order to identify educational proposals, models and approaches this diversity has generated as pedagogical response. Secondly, Intercultural education is defined as the suitable model for working cultural diversity in schools, thanks to its holistic approach which simultaneously recognizes the contributions of each of the cultures present in the schools and promotes collaboration attitudes and positive stimulation for all of them. Finally, we present the research carried out in a Secondary School in Malaga (Spain), concerning the perceptions and expectations of teachers and students about interculturality. A mixed methodology was used and different techniques such as survey, sociometric test, document analysis, and participants observation were used. As a product of the triangulation of the different data collection techniques, conclusions and recommendations are developed, among which the need to address intercultural education from the curriculum, the importance of collaborative work, the creation of an empathetic environment that encourages the interaction between the different cultures and allows the design and implementation of strategies and methods according to the intercultural reality in the Secondary School are emphasized.