RESUMO
Clinical diagnosis of gynaecological malignancies is usually successful in the advanced stages of the tumour, and this has a major impact on the success of therapy. Therefore, in the last few years, cancer research has tried to identify and characterise new biochemical and molecular markers needed as predictive indicators for the diagnosis of cancer. Our aim has been to search the molecular changes in gene expression of death receptor 6, glycoprotein M6B (Gpm6B) and genes associated with tumours of the female genital system. After isolation of messenger RNA (mRNA), transcription of mRNA into the cDNA was performed. The quantification of gene expression changes was detected using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Analysis at the protein level was performed using the Western blot method. In both methods, we used actin as a housekeeping gene for normalisation. Numerical quantification of changes in expression and in the level of the specific proteins was evaluated using the Data Syngene program. Significant changes in the levels of protein and mRNA expression were detected, mainly in the death receptor 6 (Dr6) gene of patients suffering from cancer of the corpus and cervix uteri and ovarian cancer, which also corresponded with the level of protein Dr6. At the level of transcription, a significant increase in the expression levels of mRNA for the Gpm6B gene was detected, which led to an increase in corresponding protein in the peripheral blood of patients with gynaecological tumours against the healthy control group. This article could help to find an adequate marker for clinical application that will enable more sensitive detection of the early stages of gynaecological malignancies from the peripheral blood of patients.
