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1.
CJC Open ; 3(5): 585-594, 2021 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34027363

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Aortic dilation, stiffening, and dissection are common and potentially lethal complications of Marfan syndrome (MFS) and Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS), which involve abnormal transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß) signalling. The relation of aortic dimensions, stiffness, and biomarker levels is unknown. The objective of this study was to measure aortic dimensions, stiffness, TGF-ß and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) levels, and endothelial function in patients with MFS, and to compare TGF-ß levels in patients with MFS receiving different therapeutic regimens. METHODS: This was a cohort study of 40 MFS and 4 LDS patients and 87 control participants. Aortic dimension and stiffness indexes, including pulse wave velocity (PWV), were measured using echocardiography and Doppler. Total and free TGF-ß and MMP blood levels were measured using Quantikine (R&D Systems, Inc, Minneapolis, MN) and Quanterix (Billerica, MA) kits. Endothelial function was measured using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation. RESULTS: PWV was increased in patients with MFS. There were increased MMP-2 levels in those with MFS but no increase in free or total TGF-ß or MMP-9 levels compared with control participants. There was no difference in TGF-ß levels between MFS patients receiving no medications, angiotensin receptor blockers, and ß-blockers. PWV correlated most strongly with age. Endothelial function showed premature gradual decline in patients with MFS. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the increased PWV, monitoring aortic stiffness or TGF-ß levels would not be helpful in patients with MFS. TGF-ß levels were not increased and the increased MMP-2 levels suggest consideration of a different therapeutic target.


CONTEXTE: La dilatation, la rigidification et la dissection de l'aorte sont des complications fréquentes et parfois mortelles du syndrome de Marfan (SM) et du syndrome de Loeys-Dietz (SLD), qui sont tous deux dûs à une anomalie de la voie de signalisation du facteur de croissance transformant bêta (TGF-ß). On ne connaît pas la relation entre les dimensions et la rigidité de l'aorte et la présence de biomarqueurs. Notre étude visait à mesurer les dimensions et la rigidité de l'aorte, les taux de TGF-ß et de métalloprotéases matricielles (MMP) et la fonction endothéliale chez des patients atteints du SM, et à les comparer aux taux de TGF-ß observés chez des patients également atteints de SM, mais recevant un autre traitement. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Il s'agissait d'une étude de cohorte menée auprès de 40 patients atteints du SM et de quatre patients atteints du SLD, ainsi que de 87 témoins. Les indices des dimensions et de la rigidité aortiques, y compris la vitesse d'onde de pouls (VOP), ont été mesurés par échocardiographie et par échographie Doppler. Les taux sanguins de TGF-ß et de MMP totaux et libres ont été mesurés à l'aide de trousses Quantikine (R&D Systems, Inc, Minneapolis, MN) et Quanterix (Billerica, MA). La fonction endothéliale a été mesurée par dilatation liée au flux dans l'artère brachiale. RÉSULTATS: La VOP était plus élevée chez les patients atteints du SM. On a aussi observé une hausse des taux de MMP-2 chez les patients atteints de SM, mais aucune augmentation des taux de TGF-ß ou de MMP-9 libres ou totaux comparativement aux témoins. Il n'y avait pas de différence entre les taux de TGF-ß chez les patients atteints de SM ne recevant aucun traitement, ceux qui prenaient un antagoniste des récepteurs de l'angiotensine et ceux qui prenaient un bêtabloquant. La VOP été plus fortement corrélée avec l'âge. La fonction endothéliale a affiché un déclin progressif prématuré chez les patients atteints du SM. CONCLUSIONS: Malgré l'augmentation de la VOP, il ne semble pas utile de surveiller la rigidité aortique ni les taux de TGF-ß en cas de SM. Les taux de TGF-ß n'étaient pas plus élevés chez les patients atteints du SM, et la hausse des taux de MMP-2 indique qu'il conviendrait de choisir une autre cible thérapeutique.

2.
Int J Cardiol ; 179: 470-5, 2015 Jan 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25465809

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Patients with Marfan (MFS) and Loeys-Dietz (LDS) syndromes have been shown to have abnormal aortic biophysical properties. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 12-months of therapy with atenolol or losartan on vascular function in young patients with MFS and LDS. METHODS: Seventeen patients with MFS or LDS were recruited and randomized to treatment with atenolol, 25-50mg, or losartan, 25mg daily. Prior to treatment and following therapy, echocardiography for left ventricular size, function and aortic root size was performed. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), input (Zi, ZiF) and characteristic (Zc, ZcF) impedances, arterial stiffness (Ep and ß-index), total arterial compliance (TAC), mean (Wm) and total (Wt) hydraulic power, efficiency, power cost per unit of forward flow (Wt/CI) and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were measured. RESULTS: The atenolol group consisted of 9 females (17.6years) and the losartan group 7 males and 1 female (17.0years). Their height, weight, BSA, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were similar. Baseline to 12-month changes for atenolol and losartan were PWV (20% vs -14%), Zi (-2% vs -27%), Zc (-20% vs -27%), Ep (1%, vs -13%), ß-index (10% vs 14%), FMD (11% vs 20%), TAC (3% vs 42%), Wm (-24% vs 15%), Wt (-24% vs 17%), and Wt/CI (3% vs 21%). There was a trend for losartan to decrease PWV and stiffness indexes while atenolol decreased power and power/unit flow. CONCLUSION: This pilot study suggests that atenolol and losartan may have different mechanisms of action on vascular function. A larger clinical trial is needed to confirm these effects.Clinical trials registration NCT00593710 (ClinicalTrials.gov).


Assuntos
Antagonistas de Receptores Adrenérgicos beta 1/uso terapêutico , Bloqueadores do Receptor Tipo 1 de Angiotensina II/uso terapêutico , Aorta/efeitos dos fármacos , Aorta/fisiopatologia , Atenolol/uso terapêutico , Síndrome de Loeys-Dietz/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome de Loeys-Dietz/fisiopatologia , Losartan/uso terapêutico , Síndrome de Marfan/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome de Marfan/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Método Duplo-Cego , Ecocardiografia , Endotélio Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Endotélio Vascular/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Projetos Piloto , Análise de Onda de Pulso , Resultado do Tratamento
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