RESUMO
Liver cancer is one of the deadliest types worldwide and early diagnosis is highly important for successful treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop rapid, sensitive, simple, and inexpensive analytical tools for its detection. MicroRNAs (miRNA) represent unique biomarkers whose expression in biofluids is strongly associated with cancer in general and miR-21, -31, -122, -145, -146a, -200c, -221, -222, and -223 in liver cancer, specifically. Various biosensors for miRNA detection have been developed. These include electrochemical biosensors based on amperometric, potentiometric, conductometric and impedimetric technology. Furthermore, the use of advanced nanomaterials with enhanced chemical stability, conductivity and electrocatalytic activity have greatly increased the sensitivity and specificity of these devices. The present review focuses on recent advances in electrochemical biosensors for miRNA detection in liver cancer.
Assuntos
Técnicas Biossensoriais , Neoplasias Hepáticas , MicroRNAs , Nanoestruturas , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Biomarcadores , Técnicas EletroquímicasRESUMO
Lung cancer has been one of the leading causes of death over the past century. Unfortunately, the reliance on conventional methods to diagnose the phenotypic properties of tumors hinders early-stage cancer diagnosis. However, recent advancements in identifying disease-specific nucleotide biomarkers, particularly microRNAs, have brought us closer to early-stage detection. The roles of miR-155, miR-197, and miR-182 have been established in stage I lung cancer. Recent progress in synthesizing nanomaterials with higher conductivity has enhanced the diagnostic sensitivity of electrochemical biosensors, which can detect low concentrations of targeted biomarkers. Therefore, this review article focuses on exploring electrochemical biosensors based on microRNA in lung cancer.
Assuntos
Técnicas Biossensoriais , Neoplasias Pulmonares , MicroRNAs , Nanoestruturas , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Nanoestruturas/química , Técnicas Biossensoriais/métodos , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Técnicas EletroquímicasRESUMO
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRs) are sensitive molecular diagnostic tools that can serve as highly accurate biomarkers in many disease states in general and cancer specifically. MiR-based electrochemical biosensors can be easily and inexpensively manufactured, making them suitable for clinical use and mass production for point-of-care use. This paper reviews nanomaterial-enhanced miR-based electrochemical biosensors in pancreatic cancer detection, analyzing both labeled and label-free approaches, as well as enzyme-based and enzyme-free methods.
