RESUMO
The aim of this review was to answer the following PICO question: "Do TMJ kinematic parameters (intervention and comparison) show efficacy for assessment of mandibular function (Outcome) both in asymptomatic and TMD subjects? (Population)". PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Central databases were searched. The inclusion criteria were (1) performed on human, (2) English only, (3) on healthy, symptomatic or surgically altered TMJ, (4) measured dynamic kinematics of mandible or TMJ (5) with six degrees of freedom. To assess the Risk of Bias, the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for non-randomised clinical studies was employed. A pairwise meta-analysis was carried out using STATA v.17.0 (Stata). The heterogeneity was estimated using the Q value and the inconsistency index. Ninety-two articles were included in qualitative synthesis, nine studies in quantitative synthesis. The condylar inclination was significantly increased in female (effect size 0.03°, 95% CI: -0.06, 0.12, p = 0.00). Maximum mouth opening (MMO) was increased significantly in female population in comparison with males (effect size 0.65 millimetres (0.36, 1.66). Incisor displacement at MMO showed higher values for control groups compared with TMD subjects (overall effect size 0.16 millimetres (-0.37, 0.69). Evidence is still needed, considering the great variety of devices and parameters used for arthrokinematics. The present study suggests standardising outcomes, design, and population of the future studies in order to obtain more reliable and repeatable values.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is defined as a qualitative defect of the enamel characterised by the progressive and simultaneous hypomineralization of the enamel structure of the first permanent molars which is of systemic origin, which may be associated frequently with incisors. Although the reported prevalence of MIH ranges from 2.4% to 40.2% worldwide, very little data is available from India. AIM: To determine the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization among school children aged 9 to 12 years in virajpet, Karnataka. METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study consisted of 1600 school children aged 9-12 years selected by stratified cluster sampling procedure. The European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria were followed for MIH diagnosis. Chi-square test was used to analyse the categorical data. P ≤ 0.05 was considered for statistical significance. RESULTS: The prevalence of MIH is 13.12% with no gender predilection. Ten-year-old children showed the highest prevalence (15%) among all the age group. Majority of children with MIH (70.2%) have lesions in both molars and incisors with demarcated opacities and atypical restorations being the most frequent defect type. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of MIH was 13.12% in the 9-12-year child population in Virajpet. There is a need for a proper planned preventive and restorative program about the increasing prevalence of MIH.
