Cárie dentária e presença de placa visível em dentes ântero-superiores em crianças de 0 a 5 anos / Dental caries and presence of visible plaque on anterior teeth on 0 to 5 years old children

Objetivo: Identificar a associação entre cárie dentária e placa dental em função do estágio da primeira infância. Materiais e Métodos: Foram examinadas clinicamente 183 crianças de 8 a 69 meses de idade em dois Centros Municipais de Educação Infantil de Curitiba. As crianças foram divididas em dois grupos, de acordo com o estágio da primeira infância, G1 (até 36 meses)e G2 (37 a 69 meses). Experiência de cárie (ceo-d > 0) e presença de placa visível (em pelo menos um incisivo superior) foram avaliadas por um único pesquisador previamente calibrado (Kappainter e intraexaminador> 0,80). As mães responderam a um questionário sobre condições socioeconômicas, hábitos de higiene e alimentação. Os dados foram submetidos à análise bivariada,por meio dos testes de Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher. Resultados: No grupo G1houve tendência de associação entre experiência de cárie e placa visível (p = 0,053), enquanto no grupo G2 esta associação apresentou-se significativa (p = 0,006). Houve associações entre o padrão de higienização após a alimentação durante a noite e placa visível (p= 0,026) no grupoG1; e entre estado civil das mães e placa visível no grupo G2 (p= 0,043). Conclusão: Dentro da primeira infância, a relação entre cárie dentária e placa visível em dentes anteriores torna-semais evidente com o aumento da idade.

Objective: To identify the association between dental caries and plaque in the different stages of the early childhood. Materials and Methods: 183 children 8-69 months of age from two Municipal Centers of Children Education, in Curitiba, were clinically examined for cariesand visible plaque. Children were divided in two groups according to the different stages ofthe early childhood, G1 (up to 36 months), G2 (37 to 69 months). Caries experience (ceo-d>0)and visible plaque on at least one upper incisor were evaluated by one previously calibrated examiner (kappa>0,80). Mothers were invited to answer a questionnaire about socioeconomic aspects, dental hygiene and feeding habits. Data were submitted to bivariate analysis using Pearson´s chi-square and Fisher´s exact tests. Results:G1 showed a tendency of association between caries experience and visible plaque (p=0,053), while in G2 a significant association wasfound (p=0,006).Association was found in G1 between dental hygiene after feeding during thenight and visible plaque (p=0,026), and between mother´s marital status and visible plaque onG2 (p=0,043). Conclusion: The association between dental caries and visible plaque on anteriorteeth becomes more evident on the late stages of early childhood.

Developmental defects of enamel in phenylketonuria patients.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of developmental defects of enamel in patients diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU). METHODS: The study group consisted of 24 four- to 24-year-old subjects with PKU. The control group consisted of 24 healthy individuals. An examination for the detection of developmental defects of enamel was conducted at the university pediatric dentistry clinic by a single examiner. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test (P<.05) and odds ratios. RESULTS: The prevalence of developmental defects of enamel was 36 percent in the study group and 15 percent in the control group. The maxillary central incisors were the most affected teeth in patients with PKU, while the maxillary and mandibular first molars were the most affected teeth in the control group. Patients with PKU had a 3.3-fold greater chance of exhibiting developmental defects of enamel versus the healthy controls, which was statistically significant (P<.001). CONCLUSION: The study findings suggest that PKU increases the risk of developmental defects of enamel.