RESUMO
The current study assesses the potential of functionalised chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) for proficient macrophage delivery of amphotericin B (AmpB) for the management of Candida glabrata fungemia. Chitosan was functionalised by the method of sulfation by using chlorosulfonic acid and the developed compound was confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR and degree of sulfation and CHNS analysis. Amphotericin B encapsulated sulfated chitosan (AmpB-SCNPs), when characterized showed a hydrodynamic diameter of 310⯱â¯14â¯nm and zeta potential of 41.5⯱â¯2â¯mV. The safety of AmpB-SCNPs was established by the alamar cytotoxicity assay in nanoparticle treated macrophages following 24â¯h incubation. The AmpB-SCNPs showed a significant increase in the reduction of C. glabrata in comparison with the bare AmpB and AmpB-CNPs (55.2 and 42.7 vs 11.12â¯cfu/ml) indicating that AmpB-SCNPs could be a promising carrier for specific delivery of AmpB to macrophages for effective treatment of Candida glabrata fungemia.
Assuntos
Anfotericina B , Candida glabrata/metabolismo , Candidíase/tratamento farmacológico , Quitosana , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Nanopartículas , Anfotericina B/química , Anfotericina B/farmacologia , Animais , Candidíase/metabolismo , Candidíase/microbiologia , Candidíase/patologia , Quitosana/química , Quitosana/farmacologia , Macrófagos/microbiologia , Macrófagos/patologia , Camundongos , Nanopartículas/química , Nanopartículas/uso terapêutico , Células RAW 264.7RESUMO
Alginate hydrogel/zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) composite bandage was developed by freeze-dry method from the mixture of nZnO and alginate hydrogel. The developed composite bandage was porous with porosity at a range of 60%-70%. The swelling ratios of the bandages decreased with increasing concentrations of nZnO. The composite bandages with nZnO incorporation showed controlled degradation profile and faster blood clotting ability when compared to the KALTOSTAT® and control bandages without nZnO. The prepared composite bandages exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Cytocompatibility evaluation of the prepared composite bandages done on human dermal fibroblast cells by Alamar assay and infiltration studies proved that the bandages have a non-toxic nature at lower concentrations of nZnO whereas slight reduction in viability was seen with increasing nZnO concentrations. The qualitative analysis of ex-vivo re-epithelialization on porcine skin revealed keratinocyte infiltration toward wound area for nZnO alginate bandages.
