RESUMO
Context: Lavender has been proposed as an analgesic agent for different types of headaches in complementary and alternative medicine. However, no documented trial has been performed to investigate the effects of lavender in managing post-dural puncture headache (PDPH). Objective: To evaluate the effects of aromatherapy using lavender essential oil in reducing the severity of PDPH. Design: Randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial with parallel group design. Setting: Post-operative wards of Kamkar-Arab-Nia and Nekooei Hedayati Hospitals in Qom, Iran. Participants: Patients with PDPH caused by spinal anesthesia (n = 50). Intervention: Patients received 15-minute inhalations of either lavender oil or liquid paraffin as placebo, using the same protocol. Outcome Measures: The severity of headache was scored before (baseline) and five times after the intervention (immediately, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after) using the visual analog scale. Also, dosage and frequency of the received Diclofenac and adverse effects of the intervention were recorded. Results: Both groups showed a reduction in headache scores post intervention. However, the headache scores between the groups was significantly different only immediately after the intervention in favor of lavender oil (difference: 1.60 ± 0.63, P = .015). Furthermore, it was observed that the mean changes of the headache scores compared to baseline were significant at each time interval in favor of the placebo group (P < .05), except immediately after the intervention. No significant difference was observed in diclofenac intake between groups (P = .440). Also, no adverse effects were found from the intervention. Conclusions: Aromatherapy with lavender oil was observed to reduce the severity of PDPH only immediately after the intervention, while only minimal effects were observed at successive time intervals. However, it is noted that the study was likely underpowered and further studies are recommended to better understand the effects of lavender oil on PDPH and compare its effects to other herbal products or pharmacological agents commonly used for managing headaches.
