Maternal knowledge, attitudes and practice in diarrhea.

PIP: In developing countries where diarrhea is a major health problem, mothers are often ignorant about the cause and management of the disease and tend to restrict fluid intake instead of taking steps to prevent dehydration. 300 mothers of children hospitalized in Rewa, India, were interviewed with a pretested questionnaire on their diarrhea knowledge. 74.3% were rural and 80.6% were aged 20-30 years. 70% were illiterate and belonged to the upper lower or lower middle class. Causes of diarrhea cited by the mothers included teething (64.3%), evil eye (46%), contact with another case (36.6%), malnutrition (28.3), worm infestation (22.6%), eating mud (18.6%), mother's food habits (17.6%), eating sweets (17.3%), dirty water (15.3%), hot/cold foods (10.6%), change of food (8.3), and dirty environment (6%). During diarrhea, 266 mothers allowed breast milk, 118 pulses and rice gruel, 104 diluted cow's milk, 57 undiluted cow's milk, 25 boiled pulses water, 23 boiled rice water, 16 banana, 13 oral rehydration solution, 10 a whole diet, 8 tea, and 7 curd. Half of the mothers considered passage of liquid stools 3-5 times a day as diarrhea. Only 3% of the mothers listed dehydration as an important complication of the disease. Of the mothers using oral rehydration therapy, the fluid was often not reconstituted properly, and inadequate amounts were administered. Improved health education for mothers, with information on general hygiene, adequate diet during illness, and the use of oral rehydration solution in diarrhea would reduce diarrhea deaths.^ieng

Infant feeding patterns in Rewa.

PIP: Infant feeding patterns of 500 infants, of which 15.4% were hospital-born and 54.2% were poor and of low socioeconomic status, were studied. 98.2% were breastfed at birth; 35.4% at 12 months. For artificial feeding, 56% were given cow's milk, 14.8% buffalo's milk, 6% goat's milk, and 3.3% powdered milk. Undiluted milk was given in 40.7% of the cases, while the rest received diluted milk (milk:water ratio varying from 3:1-1:1). Irrational, common beliefs were that water and fruits cause colds, maternal diseases are transmitted through breastmilk, and colostrum is impure, and that milk is not digested properly.^ieng