Improvement in the Thermostability of a Recombinant ß-Glucosidase Immobilized in Zeolite under Different Conditions.

ß-Glucosidase is part of the cellulases and is responsible for degrading cellobiose into glucose, a compound that can be used to produce biofuels. However, the use of the free enzyme makes the process more expensive. Enzyme immobilization improves catalytic characteristics and supports, such as zeolites, which have physical-chemical characteristics and ion exchange capacity that have a promising application in the biotechnological industry. This research aimed to immobilize by adsorption a recombinant ß-glucosidase from Trichoderma reesei, obtained in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), in a commercial zeolite. A Box Behnken statistical design was applied to find the optimal immobilization parameters, the stability against pH and temperature was determined, and the immobilized enzyme was characterized by SEM. The highest enzymatic activity was determined with 100 mg of zeolite at 35 °C and 175 min. Compared to the free enzyme, the immobilized recombinant ß-glucosidase presented greater activity from pH 2 to 4 and greater thermostability. The kinetic parameters were calculated, and a lower KM value was obtained for the immobilized enzyme compared to the free enzyme. The obtained immobilization parameters by a simple adsorption method and the significant operational stability indicate promising applications in different fields.

Detección de patrones interactivos en la comunicación de familias con hijos adolescentes / Interactive patterns detection in family communication with adolescents

La comunicación próxima es indicador relevante para valorar la funcionalidad familiar. El objetivo es analizar esta comunicación para describir el tipo de liderazgo, los patrones de interacción y la relación entre elementos verbales y no verbales del discurso. El diseño observacional planteado es un diseño idiográfico, puntual y multidimensional, que utiliza el formato de campo como instrumento de observación. Los participantes han sido siete familias normalizadas formadas por los progenitores y un hijo adolescente. Los resultados, acordes con el tipo de familias analizadas, muestran un estilo de comunicación predominantemente democrático, ejercido por los adultos y con frecuentes expresiones de apoyo. El análisis secuencial incorpora únicamente las categorías del criterio emisor, y detecta secuencias significativas que muestran interacciones simétricas entre los tres miembros. Los canales verbal y no verbal aportan informaciones complementarias. Aparecen patrones diferentes en función del género del hijo/a adolescente

Nondistant communication is a relevant indicator for family functionality valuation. The goal of this study is to analyze this communication in order to identify specific kinds of leadership, interaction patterns and the relation between verbal and nonverbal elements in communication. The observational design exposed is an idiographic one, punctual and multidimensional, which uses field format as observation instrument. Participants were seven standardized families made up of both ancestors and an adolescent son or daughter. According to the family models analyzed, results show a predominantly democratic communication style in adults with recurrent support expressions. The sequential analysis incorporates only categories from the emitter point of view, and detects relevant sequences which show symmetric interaction between all three family members. Verbal and nonverbal channels provide complementary information. Depending on adolescents’ gender different patterns in behaviour can be identified as well

[Interactive patterns detection in family communication with adolescents]. / Detección de patrones interactivos en la comunicación de familias con hijos adolescentes.

Interactive patterns detection in family communication with adolescents. Nondistant communication is a relevant indicator for family functionality valuation. The goal of this study is to analyze this communication in order to identify specific kinds of leadership, interaction patterns and the relation between verbal and nonverbal elements in communication. The observational design exposed is an idiographic one, punctual and multidimensional, which uses field format as observation instrument. Participants were seven standardized families made up of both ancestors and an adolescent son or daughter. According to the family models analyzed, results show a predominantly democratic communication style in adults with recurrent support expressions. The sequential analysis incorporates only categories from the emitter point of view, and detects relevant sequences which show symmetric interaction between all three family members. Verbal and nonverbal channels provide complementary information. Depending on adolescents' gender different patterns in behaviour can be identified as well.

Adaptabilidad de avestruces (Struthio camelus) en la costa norte del Perú (Piura) / Adaptability of ostriches (Struthio camelus) in the North coast of Peru

En Piura hasta el año 2003, los avestruces sólo se conocían por fotografía. Hoy la Universidad Alas Peruanas, a través de su Centro de Investigación, Producción y Transferencia Tecnológica (CIPTT), ha hecho realidad un acariciado sueño: implementar la primera granja de avestruces de nuestra localidad, esta es una nueva y emergente crianza con muchas posibilidades de desarrollarse en nuestra Región, ya que esta posee características similares al lugar de origen del avestruz. El estudio pretende comprobar y demostrar su adaptabilidad a la zona, para ello se ha recurrido al método de la observación de sus hábitos y el desenvolvimiento de la especie en nuestra granja.

In Piura, until 2003, the ostriches only were known by photographs. Nowadays Alas Peruanas University, through its Research , Production and Technological Transference Center (CIPTT) has made reality a caressing dream: To equip first farm of ostriches of our locality, this is a new and emergent raising with many possibilities to be developed in our region, since It has similar characteristics to the place of origin of the ostrich. The study tries to verify and to demonstrate its adaptability to the zone, for it , it has resorted to the method of observation of this habits and the unfolding of the species in our farm.