RESUMO
Iodinated contrast media are widely used in Radiology practices with a very low rate of adverse effects, being contrast-induced nephropathy the most serious one. In the majority of cases it is temporary and reversible, even though it can increase the inhospital morbidity and mortality in patients with risk factors. We will describe the various measures of prevention, being hydration and use of non-ionic contrast low osmolality those which have demonstrated greater effectiveness. Precautions to be taken in some risk situations, as patients treated with metformin or with impaired renal function, are also discussed.
Assuntos
Meios de Contraste , Compostos de Iodo , Radiografia/métodos , Meios de Contraste/efeitos adversos , Meios de Contraste/classificação , Humanos , Compostos de Iodo/efeitos adversos , Nefropatias/induzido quimicamente , Nefropatias/prevenção & controle , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Los medios de contraste yodados son ampliamente utilizados en los Servicios de Radiología con muy baja tasa de efectos adversos. La nefropatía inducida por el contraste es la reacción adversa más importante. En la mayoría de los casos es transitoria y reversible, aunque provoca un aumento de la morbimortalidad intrahospitalaria en pacientes con factores de riesgo. Describiremos las diferentes medidas de prevención, siendo la hidratación y la utilización de contrastes no iónicos de baja osmolalidad las que han demostrado mayor efectividad. También trataremos en este artículo, las precauciones que se deben adoptar en algunas situaciones de riesgo como pacientes tratados con metformina y con deterioro de su función renal (AU)
Iodinated contrast media are widely used in Radiology practices with a very low rate of adverse effects, being contrast-induced nephropathy the most serious one. In the majority of cases it is temporary and reversible, even though it can increase the inhospital morbidity and mortality in patients with risk factors. We will describe the various measures of prevention, being hydration and use of non-ionic contrast low osmolality those which have demonstrated greater effectiveness. Precautions to be taken in some risk situations, as patients treated with metformin or with impaired renal function, are also discussed (AU)
