RESUMO
Incorporation of tracer doses of radiolabeled tryptophan and tyrosine into brain proteins was investigated in rats malnourished during gestation and lactation. Age and time dependent increases in the radioactivity was observed in the whole homogenate and in the TCA insoluble fraction. Protein malnourished rats showed increased incorporation of tryptophan and tyrosine. However the diet restricted (Pair-fed) animals showed increased incorporation of tyrosine only. The increased incorporation may probably be due to changes in the pool size of the amino acids and effective recycling of the amino acids. The enhanced utilization in protein synthesis may also probably offer a mechanism for conservation of these amino acids.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/metabolismo , Deficiência de Proteína/metabolismo , Triptofano/metabolismo , Tirosina/metabolismo , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Biossíntese de Proteínas , Ratos , Ratos EndogâmicosRESUMO
Free amino acid levels in the brains of young ones born to mothers fed a 20% protein diet ad libitum (well nourished), 7.5% protein diet ad libitum (protein restricted) and a 20% protein diet in restricted amounts (pair-fed) were investigated during brain development in the present study. The dietary protein was obtained from a cereal-legume mixture. Protein restricted animals showed increases in the levels of taurine, glycine and glutamic acid and decreases in the concentrations of methionine, leucine, isoleucine, and GABA. The pair-fed animal showed increases only in glutamic acid and glycine and a decrease only in the levels of GABA. The significance of these observations is discussed.
Assuntos
Aminoácidos/análise , Encéfalo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Distúrbios Nutricionais/metabolismo , Envelhecimento , Animais , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Valores de ReferênciaRESUMO
Rats born to well-fed mothers (20% protein diet ad libitum), protein-restricted mothers (7.5% protein diet ad libitum) or pair-fed with protein-restricted mothers were killed on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 and activities of the two enzymes of neurotransmitter synthesis, tryptophan-5-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.16.4) and tyrosine hydroxylase (EC 1.14.16.2) were assayed. Enzyme activities in normal animals were low at birth and progressively increased to reach adult levels by day 15. Protein-restricted and pair-fed animals also showed a similar pattern. However, significantly higher activities were observed from day 15 onwards in both experimental groups.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/enzimologia , Deficiência de Proteína/enzimologia , Triptofano Hidroxilase/metabolismo , Tirosina 3-Mono-Oxigenase/metabolismo , Animais , Encéfalo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Feminino , Gravidez , RatosAssuntos
Encéfalo/metabolismo , Neurotransmissores/metabolismo , Distúrbios Nutricionais/metabolismo , Fatores Etários , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Encéfalo/embriologia , Encéfalo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Dopamina/metabolismo , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Histamina/metabolismo , Norepinefrina/metabolismo , Gravidez , Ratos , Serotonina/metabolismo , Sinaptossomos/metabolismoRESUMO
An aqueous extract from roasted seeds of Carum copticum (omum) has cholinomimetic effects. It shows muscarinic effects on rabbit duodenum, guinea-pig ileum and rat jejunum, and on the blood pressure of rat and cat. These effects are blocked by atropine. It also has a nicotinic action on the frog rectus preparation and atropinized cat blood pressure. Its effect is potentiated by physostigmine and antagonized by cholinesterase or alkalinization. Paper and gas chromatography have confirmed the presence of acetylcholine and choline in the roasted omum seed extract.
