[On mechanism of functional changes in the organism of teenagers at different levels of locomotor activity].

Comprehensive study of the cardiovascular system functional condition of 15-16 teenagers while in normal daily locomotor activity and in the mode of regular moderate physical activity was performed. The features of cerebral circulation and myocardium functional condition of teenagers are studied depending on initial tonus of the autonomic nervous system and locomotor activity level in the process of continuous step physical activity on tredmil. The condition of regulatory mechanisms, providing adaptation of teenagers in the conditions of modern school was studied. Research results showed, that elasticity of cerebrum arterial vessels, veins tone, venous outflow for teenagers not having regular physical activity, considerably mionectic. More adequate reaction of coronary blood flow in the process of physical activity is educed for the trained teenagers with the balanced autonomic regulation of cardiac rhythm. This group showed a higher level and regulation quality of organism reserve possibilities.

A new method of standartization of health-promoting pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum) extract.

This study analyzes the major phenolic constituents of pomegranate fruit juice and pericarp feedstock, and dry extracts thereof, using high-performance liquid chromatography. Pomegranate pericarp was extracted with water (WE) and alcohol (AE) as solvents, and liquid extracts were subsequently freeze-dried. The results indicate that ellagitannins punicalagin A and punicalagin B are the major constituents in the primary pomegranate feedstock and in both types of extracts. Ellagic acid, a common botanical constituent that is currently used to standardize pomegranate extracts, as well as ellagitannin punicalin, were found to be only minor constituents. Total punicalagins (the sum of punicalagins A+B and punicalin) and ellagic acid content in the pomegranate fruit pericarp feedstock WE were 7,6+/-0,3% and 0,2+/-0,1% by dry weight, respectively, and in the AE feedstock 7,0+/-0,2 and 0,4+/-0,1%, respectively. Total phenolic content (the sum of punicalagins and ellagic acid) in the pomegranate WE and AE were 45,8+/-1,2% and 42,3+/-1,1%, respectively. The concentrations of ellagic acid in the pomegranate WE and AE were 0,8+/-0,2% and 3,9+/-0,2%, respectively. Total phenolics in fresh single-strength pomegranate whole fruit juice contained 2,216+/-70 mg/L (95% punicalagins), whereas commercial pomegranate juice that was purchased from local stores was 317+/-13 mg/L (70% punicalagins). Our results strongly suggest that the commercially produced pomegranate extracts should be standardized to the content of total punicalagins as well as ellagic acid. The current standard uses only ellagic acid, which is unreliable, potentially misleading and vulnerable to commercial adulteration.

Efficiency of pharmacologically-active antioxidant phytomedicine Radical Fruits in treatment hypercholesteremia at men.

The purpose of this randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled intervention clinical trial was to investigate the effect of orally administered dietary supplement Radical Fruits (www.gardenoflife.com) consisting of highly concentrated edible fruits and berries on the concentration of plasma cholesterol, urinary 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-epi-PGF2alpha) and 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (11-dehydro-TXB2) in none-obese, non-smoking, non-diabetic hypercholesteremic male volunteers. Forty four (n=44) none-obese, non-smoking, non-diabetic male volunteers with an average age of 40+/-12 years, average body weight of 77,4+/-5,0 kg, average body mass index (BMI) of 22,2+/-2,7 kg/m2 and average total plasma cholesterol level 280+/-22 mg/dL were recruited to take part in a 4 week double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. After evaluating 12 different antioxidant supplements for their phytochemical compositions and bioavailability, a dietary supplement Radical Fruits was chosen for this clinical trial. Radical Fruits contains standardized extracts and concentrates of prune, pomegranate, apple, grape, raspberry, blueberry, white cherry and strawberry. Subjects were randomly assigned to the treatment group and the placebo group using Simple Randomization Procedure. Subjects in the treatment group (n=22) were directed to take 900 mg of Radical Fruits supplement three times a day before meals. Subjects in the control group (n=22) were directed to take placebo according to the same schedule. Food record analysis, body composition, blood and urine samples were assessed on admission and then once a week. The duration of the clinical trial was 4 weeks. Administration of Radical Fruits(TM) for 4 weeks resulted in statistically significant reduction of total plasma cholesterol from 280+/-23 to 250+/-11 mg/dL, (p<0,001). Total plasma cholesterol changes in the placebo group were not statistically significant. The average plasma LDL was reduced from 195+/-23 to 169+/-21 mg/dL (p<0,001) in the Radical Fruits(TM) group, while in the placebo group there were no statistically significant changes. Plasma HDL increased by 3,2=/-0,6% in the Radical Fruits treated group (p<0,001). No significant changes in the HDL levels were observed in the placebo group. Urinary 8-epi-PGF2alpha level decreased from 450+/-170 to 330+/-159 pg/mg creatinine (p<0,001); urinary 11-dehydro-TXB2 level decreased from 1,200+/-420 to 790+/-320 pg/mg creatinine (p<0,001) with no changes in the placebo group. Administration of pharmacologically active antioxidant supplement Radical Fruit(TM) in hypercholesteremic men significantly increased plasma HDL and reduced total cholesterol and LDL, and urinary oxidative and inflammatory isoprostanes and thromboxane.

Effect of Blueberin on fasting glucose, C-reactive protein and plasma aminotransferases, in female volunteers with diabetes type 2: double-blind, placebo controlled clinical study.

In a 4-week randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial we investigated the effect of 300 mg Blueberin, a phytomedicine containing 250 mg Blueberry leaves (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L, Ericaceae) extract providing minimum 50 mg 3,4-caffeoylquinic (chlorogenic) acid, and 50 mg myricetin, on fasting plasma glucose, alanine aminotransferases (ALT), aspartate aminotransferases (AST), glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzymes levels, and serum inflammatory C-Reactive proteins (CRP) in forty-two volunteer subjects (46+/-15 year of age, BMI 25+/-3 kgs/(m2)) diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. During the 4-week trial, the Blueberin supplement was administered three times per day, 15-30 minutes prior to a meal along with 100 ml of water. Results of this trial revealed that the supplementation of Blueberin reduced fasting plasma glucose from 143+/-5,2mg/L to 104+/-5,7 mg/L (p<0,001), whereas there was no statistically significant changes in the Placebo group from 138+/-4,8 mg/L to 126+/-5,1mg/L (p>0,05). The reduction of fasting glucose was correlated with the reduction of serum CRP and in the Blueberin group from 5,18+/-1,4 mg/l to 2,14+/-1,8 mg/L (p<0,05), whereas in the Placebo group CRP levels were not significantly reduced from 5,11+/-1,7 mg/l to 4,94+/-1,1mg/L (p>0,05). Furthermore, the Blueberin also significantly reduced the levels of plasma enzymes ALT, AST and GGT, indicating that, in addition to anti-diabetes effects, the Blueberin also possess pharmacologically relevant anti-inflammatory properties.

[Level of vitamins B in yeasts of the Saccharomyces species depending on the composition of culture media]. / Soderzhanie vitaminov B drozhzhakh roda Saccharomyces v zavisimosti ot sostava pitatel'noi sredy.

The qualitative and quantitative composition of water-soluble vitamins B in Saccharomyces yeasts cultivated on various nutrient media was studied by high-performance liquid chromatography. New strains of Saccharomyces oviformis Y-2635 and Saccharomyces vini F-5 yeasts grown in the nutrient medium with geothermal water differed in great biological value due to high intracellular concentrations of riboflavin, thiamine, nicotinic acid, and folic acid.

[Vitamin B12 and C accumulation in the organs and tissues of laying hens administered ascorbic acid in their diet]. / Nakoplenie vitaminov B12 i C v organakh i tkaniakh kur-nesushek pri vvedenii v ikh ratsion askorbinovoi kisloty

An addition to the basic ration of laying hens of the white leghorn breed of 0.1 to 2.0 g of ascorbic acid per 100 g of fodder raised the ascorbic acid content in the kidneys, heart and comminuted meat of the test animals. Feeding on ascorbic acid contributed to a higher content of the vitamin B12 in comminuted meat and in the egg yolk, this bearing evidence to the existance of an interrelation between the vitamins B12 and C.