Effects of yoga on anxiety, pain, inflammatory and stress biomarkers in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The most common surgical method of managing coronary artery disease is coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Stress, anxiety, and pain are commonly identified postoperative symptoms and are closely correlated to patient recovery. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this review was to investigate the effects of yoga interventions on anxiety, pain, inflammatory and stress biomarkers in CABG surgery patients. METHODS: and analysis: The databases PUBMED, The Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science were comprehensively searched from the inception to December 2022. The quantitative research studies that evaluated the effects of yoga on anxiety, pain, inflammatory and stress biomarkers in CABG patients were included. This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Cochrane guidelines and is reported using the PRISMA checklist. The RevMan 5.4 software was used for the meta-analysis. RESULTS: Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, representing 1227 patients with a mean age of 58 years. All studies have reported that yoga interventions significantly reduced anxiety, pain, inflammatory and stress biomarkers in the experimental group compared to the control group. According to the GRADE criteria, moderate quality of evidence was found on effects of yoga intervention in CABG surgery patients. CONCLUSION: Yoga has been shown to benefit patients undergoing CABG surgery. It can be used as an adjunctive intervention. However, more rigorous randomized controlled trials are required to generate high-quality evidence for yoga interventions. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42020175833.

Effectiveness of music on anxiety and pain among cardiac surgery patients: A quantitative systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

AIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of music on anxiety and pain among patients following cardiac surgery. BACKGROUND: Cardiac surgery affects patients physically, psychologically and socially. Anxiety and pain are the usual problems among patients following cardiac surgery. DESIGN: The study design is a systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: The Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE) and Web of Science databases were searched for randomized controlled trials from January 2000 to December 2017. REVIEW METHODS: The Cochrane collaboration guidelines were followed and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach was used to summarize the quality of evidence. RESULTS: Fourteen studies were included in systematic review and 13 in meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that there was a significant reduction in anxiety and pain among patients who received musical intervention compared with those who did not. CONCLUSION: Music has positive benefits on anxiety and pain. However, well-designed and high-quality trials are needed to generate higher quality evidence.

Effectiveness of reflexology on anxiety of patients undergoing cardiovascular interventional procedures: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

AIM: To appraise the evidence concerning the effect of reflexology on the anxiety in patients undergoing cardiovascular interventional procedures. BACKGROUND: Anxiety, fear, and other unpleasant emotional experiences are common among patients before and after cardiovascular interventional procedures. The higher anxiety may affect prognosis and recovery of patients. DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: The MEDLINE, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Cochrane Library), EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were searched between 2001-2017. REVIEW METHODS: Randomized controlled trials evaluated the effectiveness of reflexology on anxiety among patients undergoing cardiovascular interventional procedures were included. Meta-analysis was done using Revman 5.3. RESULTS: Ten trials, representing 760 patients with the mean age of 59, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Reflexology significantly decreased the anxiety of patients undergoing cardiovascular interventional procedures in the treatment group compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: Reflexology has some positive effects on anxiety among patients undergoing cardiovascular procedures. It may be a useful complementary therapy and further research is necessary to create reliable evidence.

Community-based educational intervention on necklace method as a natural family planning amongst reproductive age group women in India.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of a community-based educational intervention on necklace method as a natural family planning amongst reproductive age group women. This approach helps women decide on their reproductive health choices and avoid ill health, impact and long-term consequences of unwanted pregnancy that lead to unsafe abortion. METHODS: A total of 120 women were selected using non-probability purposive sampling technique. The knowledge and practice of participants were assessed using the structured knowledge questionnaire and practice checklist followed by a community-based educational intervention to participants, which covered aspects such as meaning, purposes and criteria; steps of the procedure; and advantages and disadvantages of the necklace method. The methods of teaching were lecture cum discussion and demonstration. The collected data were analysed using SPSS version 21. RESULTS: The levels of knowledge (t = 14.571, P = 0.023) and practice (t = 14.571, P = 0.026) significantly improved after administering the community-based educational intervention. Knowledge and practice positively correlated with each other (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Nurses play a vital role in educating women and creating awareness regarding modern and safe family planning methods. These methods are effective and essential to avoid unwanted pregnancy and thus greatly impact the health of women.