Asociación entre depresión mayor e hipertensión arterial en una población colombiana / Association between major depression and arterial hypertension in a Colombian population

INTRODUCCIÓN: Un tercio de los pacientes hipertensos cursan con depresión mayor, relación que se asocia con peor pronóstico. El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la asociación entre depresión e hipertensión arterial, así como establecer la posible bidireccionalidad de las condiciones. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo. Se incluyeron personas entre 18 y 65 años con hipertensión arterial, depresión o uso de medicamentos para su manejo. Para analizar la antecedencia se realizó un modelo de comorbilidad. Se realizó un análisis bivariado y luego una regresión logística multivariada. La asociación se estimó por medio de la prueba de Chi cuadrado y las razones de disparidad u odds ratios crudas y ajustadas a las demás variables incluidas en el análisis. Se utilizó la prueba de Hosmer-Lemeshow para evaluar la bondad del ajuste. Se utilizó SPSS® V.21 como paquete estadístico. RESULTADOS: En el estudio se incluyeron 1.721 personas. La prevalencia de depresión en pacientes con y sin hipertensión fue de 17,4 y 12,6%, respectivamente, con un riesgo de 43% de hipertensión en personas con depresión. En los pacientes con depresión esta antecedió el diagnóstico de hipertensión en el 64,8% de los casos, y en los pacientes hipertensos el 22,2% fue diagnosticado con depresión posteriormente. La asociación entre hipertensión arterial y depresión mayor permaneció significativa luego de realizar el ajuste con los demás factores de riesgo. CONCLUSIONES: La depresión se encontró como un factor de riesgo de hipertensión arterial, con una relación bidireccional de riesgo entre depresión e hipertensión arterial

INTRODUCTION: A third of hypertensive patients have major depression, a relationship that is associated with a worse prognosis. The objective of the study was to estimate the association between depression and high blood pressure, as well as to establish the possible bidirectionality of the conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. People between 18 and 65 years old with high blood pressure, depression or use of medications for their management were included. To analyze the antecedent, a comorbidity model was performed. A bivariate analysis was performed and then a multivariate logistic regression. The association was estimated using the Chi-square test and the odds ratios that were crude and adjusted to the other variables included in the analysis. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to assess the goodness of fit. SPSS® V.21 was used as the statistical package. RESULTS: A total of 1,721 people were included in the study. The prevalence of depression in patients with and without hypertension was 17.4 and 12.6%, respectively, with a 43% risk of hypertension in people with depression. In patients with depression, it preceded the diagnosis of hypertension in 64.8% of cases and in hypertensive patients, 22.2% were later diagnosed with depression. The association between high blood pressure and major depression remained significant after adjusting for the other risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Depression was found as a risk factor for high blood pressure, with a 2-way risk relationship between depression and high blood pressure

[Association between major depression and arterial hypertension in a Colombian population]. / Asociación entre depresión mayor e hipertensión arterial en una población colombiana.

INTRODUCTION: A third of hypertensive patients have major depression, a relationship that is associated with a worse prognosis. The objective of the study was to estimate the association between depression and high blood pressure, as well as to establish the possible bidirectionality of the conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. People between 18 and 65 years old with high blood pressure, depression or use of medications for their management were included. To analyze the antecedent, a comorbidity model was performed. A bivariate analysis was performed and then a multivariate logistic regression. The association was estimated using the Chi-square test and the odds ratios that were crude and adjusted to the other variables included in the analysis. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to assess the goodness of fit. SPSS® v.21 was used as the statistical package. RESULTS: A total of 1,721 people were included in the study. The prevalence of depression in patients with and without hypertension was 17.4 and 12.6%, respectively, with a 43% risk of hypertension in people with depression. In patients with depression, it preceded the diagnosis of hypertension in 64.8% of cases and in hypertensive patients, 22.2% were later diagnosed with depression. The association between high blood pressure and major depression remained significant after adjusting for the other risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Depression was found as a risk factor for high blood pressure, with a 2-way risk relationship between depression and high blood pressure.