MDR1 C3435T polymorphism in Mexican patients with breast cancer.

We investigated whether the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism is associated with fibrocystic changes (FCC), infiltrating ductal breast cancer (IDBC), and/or clinical-pathological features of IDBC in Mexican patients. Samples from women who received surgical treatment in 2007 at the Centro Médico de Occidente (México) were included in the analysis. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphisms in 64 paraffin-embedded breast samples with IDBC, 64 samples with FCC, and 183 peripheral blood samples of healthy females designated as the healthy group (HG). The frequency of the T allele was 41, 45, and 52% for the FCC, IDBC, and HG samples, respectively. Significant differences were only found between the FCC and HG samples [odds ratio (OR) = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.43-0.96; P = 0.032]. The prevalence of the T/T genotype was 8, 13, and 24% for FCC, IDBC, and HG samples, respectively. Again, statistical differences were only found between FCC and HG samples for the T/T genotype (OR = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.106-0.77; P = 0.009). Although the T allele and the T/T genotype were less frequent in the IDBC group than in the HG, the differences were not significant. Furthermore, no associations were found between the C3435T polymorphism and clinical-pathological features of the IDBC group. Both the FCC and IDBC groups had a high frequency of the C allele relative to the HG in this sample of women from Western Mexico.

Comparison of three prognostic indexes in differentiated thyroid cancer.

We investigated epidemiological data and correlation coefficient among three prognostic indexes (TNM, AGES and DeGroot's) in 82 patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (mean age: 41.7 +/- 16.6 years and sex ratio F8:M1). Seventy eight cases (95.1%) had papillary and 4 (4.8%) follicular carcinoma. Surgical complications were: vocal cord paralysis 7 cases (8.4%), hypoparathyroidism 10 cases (12.2%) and both in four cases (4.8%). We did not find surgical complications in patients subjected to main limited procedures. After a follow up of 54.5 +/- 44.5 months one patient was dead due to thyroid cancer (1.2%) and 2 patients had tumor relapse (2.4%). We found positive correlation between TNM and AGES, AGES and DeGroot and DeGroot's and TNM indexes, with concordance between them (k = 0.2281, p = 0.001). In our series, follicular cancer prevalence is lower than literature reports. Our results suggest that TNM, DeGroot's and AGES indexes may have similar prognostic value in differentiated thyroid cancer.

[Pulmonary aspergillosis. Report of 8 children]. / La aspergilosis pulmonar. Presentación de ocho casos en niños.

The clinical files were reviewed of eight pediatric patients who died between 1976 and 1990, having the pathological diagnosis of aspergillosis. During the clinical evolution seven displayed malnutrition and respiratory symptomatology, four had slow evolving fever and oral candidiasis. The image in all the chest X-Rays was opaque. In the laboratory four had leukopenia, lymphopenia and neutropenia: two with a positive culture of Aspergillus. Five received four to eight different antibiotics during the last clinical evolution. All showed a combination of diverse forms of aspergillosis, all with the invasive form, five with the disseminated form, three bronchopulmonary allergic and one with aspergilloma. All had invasion of the respiratory system. Septicemia had the cause of death in four and three was direct relation with Aspergillosis.

[Exogenous lipoid pneumonia]. / Neumonía lipoídica exógena.

We report 30 patients with exogenous lipoid pneumonia due to vegetal oil. This was employed in most of the cases during the first month of life for digestive tube symptomatology; clinical manifestations began three months following administrations, as a pneumonia or bronchopneumonia with a respiratory distress syndrome of variable severity. 60% of the thorax x-ray studies were abnormal, the main finding was opacity. One patient has alterations of the mechanics of deglutition; seven had gastroesophageal reflux. Arterial gasometry showed hypoxaemia and increase of alveolo-arterial gradient of oxygen in all. Ten patients died and all the survivors were reevaluated in september, 1988; 18 had normal physical findings. Thorax x-ray studies in 13 patients had right reticulate infiltration and 6 right apical opacity; ECG showed right ventricular hypertrophy in 3. Perfusion pulmonary gamagram with technetium 99 was abnormal in 5. Gastroesophageal reflux was evident in 2. Five were under treatment for several causes. Diagnosis and treatment is discussed.

[Pulmonary aspergillosis]. / Aspergilosis pulmonar.

We report a 15-year-old male with bronchial asthma since five years old, unresponsive to treatment; at age 12 a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was made and treated with several drugs. He was referred to our hospital because of hemoptysis. A diagnosis of aspergillosis in the aspergilloma form was made; after, a left upper lobectomy showed the invasive form; later he presented recurrent obstructive respiratory problems, secondary to the allergic form. Serum IgE was elevated, lowering after treatment with corticoids; simultaneously he had clinical improvement. Treatment was discontinued when clinically asymptomatic and serum IgE was normal. Diagnostic route and treatment are discussed.